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Information about Academic Discipline

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An academic discipline, or field of study, is a branch of knowledge which is taught or researched at the college or university level. Disciplines are defined and recognised by the academic journals in which research is published, and the learned societies and academic departments or faculties to which their practitioners belong.

Fields of study usually have several sub-disciplines or branches, and the distinguishing lines between these are often both arbitrary and ambiguous.

In medieval Europe, there were only four faculties in a university: Theology, Medicine, Jurisprudence and Arts, with the last one having a somewhat lower status. Current-day university disciplines have their roots in the mid- to late-19th century secularization of universities, when the traditional curriculum was supplemented by non-classical languages and literatures, and by science and technology disciplines such as physics, chemistry, biology, and engineering.

In the early 20th century, new disciplines such as education, sociology, and psychology were added. In the 1970s and 1980s, there was an explosion of new disciplines focusing on specific themes, such as media studies, women's studies, and Black studies. Many disciplines designed as preparation for careers and professions, such as nursing, hospitality management, corrections, also emerged in the universities. Finally, the visibility of such interdisciplinary scientific fields as biochemistry and geophysics increased, as their contribution to knowledge became widely recognized.

A "*" denotes a field whose academic status is debated. Note that the area into which some fields should be classified is debated, such as whether anthropology and linguistics are social sciences disciplines or humanities disciplines. Note that some people, particularly critical theorists are critical of the division of disciplines, and virtually every division of disciplines, as well as the structure of the concept of disciplines in general, is disputed by some.

Natural sciences

Space sciences

See also Branches of astronomy

Earth sciences



See also Branches of earth sciences

Life sciences



See also Branches of life sciences, Psychology

Chemistry

See also Branches of chemistry

Physics



See also Branches of physics

Formal sciences

Mathematics



See also Branches of mathematics and AMS Mathematics Subject Classification

Computer sciences



See also Branches of computer science and ACM Computing Classification System

Social sciences

Anthropology



See also Branches of anthropology

Archaeology



See also Branches of archaeology

Area studies



See also Branches of area studies

Economics



See also Branches of economics

Ethnic studies

Gender and Sexuality studies

Geography

* Cultural geography
:* Feminist geography
* Economic geography
:* Development geography
* Historical geography
:* Time geography
* Political geography & geopolitics
:* Military geography
:* Strategic geography
* Population geography
* Social geography
:* Behavioral geography
:* Children's geographies
:* Health geography
:* Tourism geography
* Urban geography
* Biogeography
* Climatology
:*Palaeoclimatology
* Coastal geography
* Geomorphology
* Geodesy
* Hydrology/Hydrography
:* Glaciology
:* Limnology
:* Oceanography
* Landscape ecology
* Palaeogeography



See also Branches of geography

Political science



See also Branches of political science

Psychology



See also Branches of psychology,

Sociology



See also Branches of sociology

Humanities

History



See also Branches of history

Philosophy



See also Branches of philosophy

Religion



See also List of religions

Languages and linguistics



See also List of languages, Branches of linguistics, Anthropological linguistics

Literature

English literature

World literatures

Literary theory

Creative writing

Visual arts

Architecture, design and applied arts

Performing arts

Music

Dance

Film and Television

Theatre

Professions and Applied sciences

The factual accuracy of this section is disputed.
Please see the relevant discussion on the talk page

Agriculture and forestry

Business

Education

Engineering



See also Branches of engineering

Family and consumer science

Health sciences



See also Branches of medicine

Journalism, media and communication

Law

Library and museum studies

Military sciences

Personal service professions*

The factual accuracy of this section is disputed.
Please see the relevant discussion on the talk page

Public affairs

Social work

See also

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Reference
Art and culture
Geography and places
Health and health science History and events
Mathematics and abstractions
Natural and physical sciences
People and self
Philosophy

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Reference
Art and culture
Geography and places
Health and fitness History and events
Mathematics and abstractions
Natural sciences and nature
People and self Philosophy and thinking

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Art and culture
Geography and places
Health
History and events
Mathematics and abstractions
Natural sciences and nature
Philosophy, religion, and spirituality
Social sciences and society

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Academia is a collective term for the scientific and cultural community engaged in higher education and research, taken as a whole.

The word comes from the akademeia just outside ancient Athens, where the gymnasium was made famous by Plato as a center of learning.
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Knowledge is defined (Oxford English Dictionary) variously as (i) expertise, and skills acquired by a person through experience or education; the theoretical or practical understanding of a subject, (ii) what is known in a particular field or in total; facts and information or
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teachers facilitate student learning, often in a school or academy. The objective is typically a course of study, lesson plan, or a practical skill, including learning and thinking skills. The different ways to teach are often referred to as the teacher's pedagogy.
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Research is a human activity based on intellectual investigation and aimed at discovering, interpreting, and revising human knowledge on different aspects of the world. Research can use the scientific method, but need not do so.
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academic journal is a peer-reviewed periodical in which scholarship relating to a particular academic discipline is published. Academic journals serve as forums for the introduction and presentation for scrutiny of new research, and the critique of existing research.
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A learned society is an organization that exists to promote an academic discipline or group of disciplines. Membership may be open to all, may require possession of some qualification, or may be an honor conferred by election, as is the case with the oldest learned societies, such
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Middle Ages form the middle period in a traditional schematic division of European history into three "ages": the classical civilization of Antiquity, the Middle Ages and Modern Times.
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A faculty is a division within a university. The medieval University of Paris, which served as a model for most of the later medieval universities in Europe, had four faculties: the Faculties of Theology, Law, Medicine, and finally the Faculty of Arts, which every student had to
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God

General approaches
Agnosticism Atheism
Deism Dystheism
Henotheism Ignosticism
Monism Monotheism
Natural theology Nontheism
Pandeism Panentheism
Pantheism Polytheism
Theism Theology
Transtheism
Specific conceptions
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Medicine is the science and "" of maintaining and/or restoring human health through the study, diagnosis, and treatment of patients. The term is derived from the Latin ars medicina meaning the art of healing.
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Jurisprudence is the theory and philosophy of law. Scholars of jurisprudence, or legal philosophers, hope to obtain a deeper understanding of the nature of law, of legal reasoning, legal systems and of legal institutions.
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ART is a three-letter acronym that can mean:

Medicine

  • Antiretroviral therapy. It is used in the treatment of HIV infection.
  • assisted reproductive technology

Other

  • Adaptive resonance theory

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Secularization or secularisation generally refers to the process of transformation by which a society migrates from close identification with religious institutions to a more separated relationship.
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curricula) is the set of courses, and their content, offered at a school or university. As an idea, curriculum stems from the Latin word for race course, referring to the course of deeds and experiences through which children grow and mature in becoming adults.
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Physics is the science of matter[1] and its motion[2][3], as well as space and time[4][5] —the science that deals with concepts such as force, energy, mass, and charge.
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Biology (from Greek: βίος, bio, "life"; and λόγος, logos, "knowledge"), also referred to as the biological sciences, is the scientific study of life.
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Engineering is the applied science of acquiring and applying knowledge to design, analysis, and/or construction of works for practical purposes. The American Engineers' Council for Professional Development, also known as ECPD,[1] (later ABET [2]
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Education encompasses teaching and learning specific skills, and also something less tangible but more profound: the imparting of knowledge, positive judgment and well-developed wisdom.
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Sociology (from Latin: socitus, "companion"; and the suffix -ology, "the study of", from Greek λόγος, lógos, "knowledge") is the systematic and scientific study of society and societal behavior.
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Psychology (from Greek: Literally "talk about the soul" (from logos)) is both an academic and applied discipline involving the scientific study of mental processes and behavior.
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Women's studies is an interdisciplinary academic field devoted to topics concerning women, feminism, gender, and politics. It often includes feminist theory, women's history (e.g.
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African American studies (also known as Black studies and/or Africana studies) is an interdisciplinary academic field devoted to the study of the history, culture, and politics of African Americans.
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Nursing is a profession focused on assisting individuals, families, and communities in attaining, maintaining, and recovering optimal health and functioning. Modern definitions of nursing define it as a science and an art that focuses on promoting quality of life as defined by
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