Information about Z22
See Z22 (handheld) for the Palm handheld
The Z22 was the seventh computer model Konrad Zuse developed (the first six being the Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, Z5 and Z11, respectively). One of the early commercial computers, the Z22's design was finished about 1955. The major version jump from Z11 to Z22 was due to the use of vacuum tubes, as opposed to the electromechanical systems used in earlier models. The first machines built were shipped to Berlin and Aachen.
By the end of 1958 the ZMMD-group had built a working ALGOL 58 compiler for the Z22. ZMMD said Zürich (ie. Rutishauser), München (ie. Bauer, Samelson), Mainz (ie. Z22), Darmstadt (ie. Bottenbruch).
In 1961 the Z22 was followed by a logically very similar transistorized version, the Z23.
The University of Applied Sciences, Karlsruhe still has an operational Z22 which is on permanent loan at the ZKM in Karlsruhe.
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The Z22 was the seventh computer model Konrad Zuse developed (the first six being the Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, Z5 and Z11, respectively). One of the early commercial computers, the Z22's design was finished about 1955. The major version jump from Z11 to Z22 was due to the use of vacuum tubes, as opposed to the electromechanical systems used in earlier models. The first machines built were shipped to Berlin and Aachen.
By the end of 1958 the ZMMD-group had built a working ALGOL 58 compiler for the Z22. ZMMD said Zürich (ie. Rutishauser), München (ie. Bauer, Samelson), Mainz (ie. Z22), Darmstadt (ie. Bottenbruch).
In 1961 the Z22 was followed by a logically very similar transistorized version, the Z23.
The University of Applied Sciences, Karlsruhe still has an operational Z22 which is on permanent loan at the ZKM in Karlsruhe.
Technical data
The typical setup of a Z22 was:- 14 words of 38-bit RAM implemented as core memory
- 8192 word (38 KiB) magnetic drum storage
- punch-card memory as bulk memory (input/output)
- 380V 16A three phase power supply
- 600 tubes working as flip-flops
- electrical cooling unit, needing a water tap connection (water cooling, so to say)
Programming
The Z22 was designed to be easier to program than previous first generation computers. It was programmed in machine code with 38 bit instruction words, consisting of 5 fields:- the first 2 bits must always be 10
- the next 5 bits contain a condition symbol
- the next 13 bits contain an operation symbol
- the next 5 bits contain a core memory address
- the next 13 bits contain a drum memory address
External links
Computers designed by Konrad Zuse | |
|---|---|
| Z1 (1936) • Z2 (1939) • Z3 (1941) • Z4 (1950) • Z5 • Z11 • Z22 (1955) • Z23 (1961) | .jpg')) |
The Z22 is one of the first of Palm, Inc.'s handhelds to be released under the new "Palm" brand, and the first to be released without the "Zire" moniker. Released on October 12, 2005, it replaces the monochrome Zire 21, and is priced at $99 USD.
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Palm, Inc.
Public (NASDAQ: PALM )
Founded United States (1992)
Headquarters Sunnyvale, California, United States
Key people Ed Colligan, President and CEO
Industry Computer hardware and software
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Public (NASDAQ: PALM )
Founded United States (1992)
Headquarters Sunnyvale, California, United States
Key people Ed Colligan, President and CEO
Industry Computer hardware and software
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A mobile device (also known as converged device, handheld device, handheld computer, "Palmtop" or simply 'handheld) is a pocket-sized computing device, typically comprising a small visual display screen for user output and a miniature keyboard or touch
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computer is a machine which manipulates data according to a list of instructions.
Computers take numerous physical forms. The first devices that resemble modern computers date to the mid-20th century (around 1940 - 1941), although the computer concept and various machines
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Computers take numerous physical forms. The first devices that resemble modern computers date to the mid-20th century (around 1940 - 1941), although the computer concept and various machines
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Konrad Zuse
Konrad Zuse in 1992
Born June 22, 1910
Berlin, German Empire
Died December 18, 1995
Hünfeld, Germany
Residence Germany
Field Computer Science
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Konrad Zuse in 1992
Born June 22, 1910
Berlin, German Empire
Died December 18, 1995
Hünfeld, Germany
Residence Germany
Field Computer Science
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The Z1 was a mechanical computer created by Konrad Zuse in 1936. It was a binary electrically driven mechanical calculator with limited programmability, reading instructions from punched tape.
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The Z1 was a mechanical computer created by Konrad Zuse in 1936. It was a binary electrically driven mechanical calculator with limited programmability, reading instructions from punched tape.
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Z2 was a mechanical and relay computer created by Konrad Zuse in 1939. It was an improvement on the Z1, using the same mechanical memory but replacing the arithmetic and control logic with electrical relay circuits. The Z2 was destroyed in 1940 by bombardment.
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Z3 was the first working programmable, fully automatic machine, whose attributes, with the addition of conditional branching, have often been the ones used as criteria in defining a computer.
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The Z4 computer was the world's first commercial digital computer, designed by German engineer Konrad Zuse, built by his company Zuse Apparatebau and completed in 1944.
It was delivered to ETH Zürich, Switzerland, in September 1950.
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It was delivered to ETH Zürich, Switzerland, in September 1950.
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19th century - 20th century - 21st century
1920s 1930s 1940s - 1950s - 1960s 1970s 1980s
1952 1953 1954 - 1955 - 1956 1957 1958
Year 1955 (MCMLV
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1920s 1930s 1940s - 1950s - 1960s 1970s 1980s
1952 1953 1954 - 1955 - 1956 1957 1958
Year 1955 (MCMLV
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vacuum tube, electron tube (inside North America), thermionic valve, or just valve (elsewhere); is a device used to amplify, switch, otherwise modify, or create an electrical signal by controlling the movement of electrons in a low-pressure space, often not
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Berlin
Flag Coat of arms
Details
Location of Berlin within Germany / EU
Coordinates
Time zone CET/CEST (UTC+1/+2)
Administration
Country
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Flag Coat of arms
Details
Location of Berlin within Germany / EU
Coordinates
Time zone CET/CEST (UTC+1/+2)
Administration
Country
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(Ripuarian: Oche, French: Aix-la-Chapelle) is a historic spa city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.
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19th century - 20th century - 21st century
1920s 1930s 1940s - 1950s - 1960s 1970s 1980s
1955 1956 1957 - 1958 - 1959 1960 1961
Year 1958 (MCMLVIII
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1920s 1930s 1940s - 1950s - 1960s 1970s 1980s
1955 1956 1957 - 1958 - 1959 1960 1961
Year 1958 (MCMLVIII
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ALGOL 58 is the first language in the ALGOL programming language family. It was an early compromise design soon superseded by ALGOL 60; ALGOL 58 introduced the fundamental notion of compound statement, but it was restricted to control flow only, and it was not tied to identifier
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Friedrich Ludwig Bauer (born June 10, 1924 in Regensburg) is a German computer scientist and professor emeritus at Munich University of Technology.
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Life
Bauer earned his Abitur in 1942 and served in the Wehrmacht (German armed forces) from 1943 to 1945...... Click the link for more information.
Zentrum für Kunst und Medientechnologie (ZKM) (Center for Art and Media) in Karlsruhe, Germany is an interdisciplinary research institution focussing on New Media.
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Karlsruhe
The town centre of the city of Karlsruhe (Germany) photographed from an aeroplane. It is easy to recognize the historic layout of the town: The streets head away from the castle like the rays of the sun.
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The town centre of the city of Karlsruhe (Germany) photographed from an aeroplane. It is easy to recognize the historic layout of the town: The streets head away from the castle like the rays of the sun.
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Ram, ram, or RAM as a non-acronymic word
As a non-acronymic word Ram, ram, or RAM may refer to:Animals
- Sheep, an uncastrated male of which is called a ram
- Ram cichlid, a species of freshwater fish endemic to Colombia and Venezuela
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Magnetic core memory, or ferrite-core memory, is an early form of computer memory. It uses small magnetic ceramic rings, the cores, to store information via the polarity of the magnetic field they contain.
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Drum memory was an early form of computer memory that was widely used in the 1950s and into the 1960s, invented by Gustav Tauschek in 1932 in Austria. For many machines, a drum
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punch card or punched card (or punchcard or Hollerith card or IBM card), is a piece of stiff paper that contains digital information represented by the presence or absence of holes in predefined positions.
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power supply (sometimes called a power supply unit or PSU) is a device or system that supplies electrical or other types of energy to an output load or group of loads.
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vacuum tube, electron tube (inside North America), thermionic valve, or just valve (elsewhere); is a device used to amplify, switch, otherwise modify, or create an electrical signal by controlling the movement of electrons in a low-pressure space, often not
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flip-flop, is a kind of bistable multivibrator, an electronic circuit which has two stable states and thereby is capable of serving as one bit of memory. Today, the term flip-flop has come to generally denote non-transparent (clocked or
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Water cooling is a method of heat removal from components. As opposed to air cooling, water is used as the heat transmitter. Water cooling is commonly used for cooling internal combustion engines in automobiles and electrical generators.
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hertz (symbol: Hz) is the SI unit of frequency. Its base unit is cycle/s or s-1 (also called inverse seconds, reciprocal seconds). In English, hertz is used as both singular and plural.
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The clock rate is the fundamental rate in cycles per second (measured in hertz) at which a computer performs its most basic operations such as adding two numbers or transferring a value from one processor register to another.
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German language (Deutsch, ] ) is a West Germanic language and one of the world's major languages.
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Konrad Zuse
Konrad Zuse in 1992
Born June 22, 1910
Berlin, German Empire
Died December 18, 1995
Hünfeld, Germany
Residence Germany
Field Computer Science
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Konrad Zuse in 1992
Born June 22, 1910
Berlin, German Empire
Died December 18, 1995
Hünfeld, Germany
Residence Germany
Field Computer Science
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