Information about White Book (video Cd Standards)
- This article is about a CD standard. For the type of governmental or corporate reports, see white paper.
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Compact Disc Digital Video (VCD) logo/trademark
The White Book, which was released in 1987 by Sony, Philips, Matsushita, and JVC refers to a standard of compact disc that stores not only sound but also still pictures and motion video. These discs, most commonly found in Asia, are usually called "Video CDs" or "VCDs." In some ways, VCD can be thought of as the predecessor to SVCD and DVD. There was a brief flirtation with Video CDs in the US and Europe, but they were abandoned once CD writers appeared as they were easy to copy (something publishers did not want). The DVD format with its larger capacity, rendered it obsolete in any event.
Here is some information on the format of the VCD itself, as well as the audio and video stored on these discs:
- File system: ISO 9660-compliant
- Format: Mode 2, Form 2/XA
- Maximum Length: Usually 74 minutes
- Audio Format
- Format: MPEG-1 layer 2
- Bit rate: 224 kilobits per second
- Sample rate: 44,100 kHz (kilohertz)
- Number of Channels: 2 (stereo)
- Video Format
- Format: MPEG-1
- Resolution: 352×240 pixel for NTSC video, 352×288 pixel for PAL video
- Frame rate: 29.97 Hz (NTSC), 25 Hz (PAL)
- Bit rate: About 1.13 Mbit/s
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Compact Disc Interactive logo/trademark
The White Book also defines other hybrid formats, such as CD-Ready (or "CD-I Ready"), which was a CD-Audio disc that included a CD-i application. The format extended the pre-gap space of the CD-Audio and put special CD-i data there.
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Compact Disc
The closely spaced tracks on the readable surface of a Compact Disc cause light to diffract into a full visible colour spectrum
Media type: Optical disc
Encoding: Various
Capacity: Typically up to 700 MB
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The closely spaced tracks on the readable surface of a Compact Disc cause light to diffract into a full visible colour spectrum
Media type: Optical disc
Encoding: Various
Capacity: Typically up to 700 MB
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A white paper is an authoritative report. White papers are used to educate customers, collect leads for a company or help people make decisions. They can also be a government report outlining policy.
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Sony Corporation
ソニー株式会?
Public (TYO: 6758 ; NYSE: SNE )
Founded May 7 1946 (adopted current name in 1958) by Masaru Ibuka and Akio Morita[1]
Headquarters Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan[1]
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ソニー株式会?
Public (TYO: 6758 ; NYSE: SNE )
Founded May 7 1946 (adopted current name in 1958) by Masaru Ibuka and Akio Morita[1]
Headquarters Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan[1]
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Victor Company of Japan, Limited
日本ビクター株式会社
Corporation TYO: 6792
Founded Yokohama, Japan (1927)
Headquarters Yokohama, Japan
Key people Masahiko Terada, President
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日本ビクター株式会社
Corporation TYO: 6792
Founded Yokohama, Japan (1927)
Headquarters Yokohama, Japan
Key people Masahiko Terada, President
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Compact Disc
The closely spaced tracks on the readable surface of a Compact Disc cause light to diffract into a full visible colour spectrum
Media type: Optical disc
Encoding: Various
Capacity: Typically up to 700 MB
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The closely spaced tracks on the readable surface of a Compact Disc cause light to diffract into a full visible colour spectrum
Media type: Optical disc
Encoding: Various
Capacity: Typically up to 700 MB
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Sound is a disturbance of mechanical energy that propagates through matter as a wave (through fluids as a compression wave, and through solids as both compression and shear waves).
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IMAGE (from Imager for Magnetopause-to-Aurora Global Exploration), or Explorer 78, was a NASA MIDEX mission that studied the global response of the Earth's magnetosphere to changes in the solar wind.
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Video (Latin for "I see", first person singular present, indicative of videre, "to see") is the technology of electronically capturing, recording, processing, storing, transmitting, and reconstructing a sequence of still images representing scenes in motion.
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Asia is the world's largest and most populous continent. It covers 8.6% of the Earth's total surface area (or 29.4% of its land area) and, with almost 4 billion people, it contains more than 60% of the world's current human population.
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Compact Disc Digital Video (VCD)
A standard pressed compact disc
Media type: optical disc
Encoding: MPEG-1 video + audio
Capacity: up to 800 MiB
Read mechanism: 780 nm wavelength semiconductor laser
Developed by: Sony & Philips
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A standard pressed compact disc
Media type: optical disc
Encoding: MPEG-1 video + audio
Capacity: up to 800 MiB
Read mechanism: 780 nm wavelength semiconductor laser
Developed by: Sony & Philips
..... Click the link for more information.
DVD
Media type: Optical disc
Capacity: 4.7 GB (single layer), 8.5 GB (dual layer)
Usage: Data storage, audio, video, games
Optical disc authoring
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Media type: Optical disc
Capacity: 4.7 GB (single layer), 8.5 GB (dual layer)
Usage: Data storage, audio, video, games
Optical disc authoring
- Optical disc
- Optical disc image
- Recorder hardware
- Authoring software
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ISO 9660, a standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), defines a file system for CD-ROM media. It aims at supporting different computer operating systems such as Unix, Windows and Mac OS, so that data may be exchanged.
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MPEG-1 defines a group of Audio and Video (AV) coding and compression standards agreed upon by MPEG (Moving Picture Experts Group). MPEG-1 video is used by the Video CD (VCD) format and less commonly by the DVD-Video format.
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bitrate (sometimes written bit rate, data rate or as a variable R or fb) is the number of bits that are conveyed or processed per unit of time. Bit rate is synonymous to data rate and digital bandwidth.
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kilobit is a unit of information, abbreviated kb, sometimes also (incorrectly) kbit.
The standard definition is 1 kilobit = 103 bit = 1,000 bit.
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The standard definition is 1 kilobit = 103 bit = 1,000 bit.
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The sampling rate, sample rate, or sampling frequency defines the number of samples per second (or per other unit) taken from a continuous signal to make a discrete signal. For time-domain signals, it can be measured in hertz (Hz).
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hertz (symbol: Hz) is the SI unit of frequency. Its base unit is cycle/s or s-1 (also called inverse seconds, reciprocal seconds). In English, hertz is used as both singular and plural.
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Stereophonic sound, commonly called stereo, is the reproduction of sound, using two or more independent audio channels, through a symmetrical configuration of loudspeakers, in such a way as to create a pleasant and natural impression of sound heard from various directions,
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MPEG-1 defines a group of Audio and Video (AV) coding and compression standards agreed upon by MPEG (Moving Picture Experts Group). MPEG-1 video is used by the Video CD (VCD) format and less commonly by the DVD-Video format.
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This article has been tagged since October 2007.
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This article has been tagged since October 2007.
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PAL, short for Phase Alternating Line, is a colour encoding system used in broadcast television systems in large parts of the world. Other common analogue television systems are SECAM and NTSC.
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Frame rate, or frame frequency, is the measurement of the frequency (rate) at which an imaging device produces unique consecutive images called frames. The term applies equally well to computer graphics, video cameras, film cameras, and motion capture systems.
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bitrate (sometimes written bit rate, data rate or as a variable R or fb) is the number of bits that are conveyed or processed per unit of time. Bit rate is synonymous to data rate and digital bandwidth.
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Rainbow Books are a collection of standards defining the allowed formats of Compact Discs.
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- Red Book
- CD-DA – Digital Audio extended by CD-Text,
- Yellow Book
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Compact Disc Digital Audio
Media type: Optical disc
Encoding: 2 channels of PCM audio, each signed 16-bit values sampled at 44100 Hz
Capacity: up to 700 MB
Read mechanism: 780 nm wavelength semiconductor laser
Developed by: Sony & Philips
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Media type: Optical disc
Encoding: 2 channels of PCM audio, each signed 16-bit values sampled at 44100 Hz
Capacity: up to 700 MB
Read mechanism: 780 nm wavelength semiconductor laser
Developed by: Sony & Philips
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The Yellow Book is the standard that defines the format of CD-ROMs. The Yellow Book, created by Sony and Philips was the first extension of the Red Book.
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External links
The Yellow Book itself is not freely available...... Click the link for more information.
CD-ROM (an abbreviation of "Compact Disc read-only media") is a Compact Disc that contains data accessible by a computer. While the Compact Disc format was originally designed for music storage and playback, the format was later adapted to hold any form of binary data.
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CD-R (Compact Disc-Recordable) is a variation of the Compact Disc invented by Philips and Sony. CD-R is a Write Once, Read Many optical medium (though the whole disk does not have to be entirely written in the same session) and retains a high level of
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Compact Disc ReWritable (CD-RW) is a rewritable optical disc format. Known as CD-Erasable (CD-E) during its development, CD-RW was introduced in 1997, and was preceded by the never officially released CD-MO in 1988.
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Compact Disc Digital Video (VCD)
A standard pressed compact disc
Media type: optical disc
Encoding: MPEG-1 video + audio
Capacity: up to 800 MiB
Read mechanism: 780 nm wavelength semiconductor laser
Developed by: Sony & Philips
..... Click the link for more information.
A standard pressed compact disc
Media type: optical disc
Encoding: MPEG-1 video + audio
Capacity: up to 800 MiB
Read mechanism: 780 nm wavelength semiconductor laser
Developed by: Sony & Philips
..... Click the link for more information.
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