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Information about Vatican Hill

The Vatican Hill,
a of Rome
In Latin / ItalianVaticanus mons, "vates,is" the root of vaticanus is translated "prophet or seer" in English /
colle Vaticano
RioneBorgo
BuildingsCircus of Nero
ChurchesSt Peter's Basilica
Roman sculptures
Enlarge picture
Tapestry featuring Vatican Hill (left), circa 1519
Vatican Hill (in Latin, Vaticanus Mons) is the name given, long before the founding of Christianity, to one of the hills on the side of the Tiber opposite the traditional seven hills of Rome. It may have been the site of an Etruscan town called Vaticum.

In the 1st century A.D., the Vatican Hill was outside the city limits and so could feature a circus (the circus of Nero) and a cemetery. St. Peter's Basilica is built over this cemetery, the traditional site of St. Peter the Apostle's grave. There was another cemetery nearby, which was opened to the public on 10th October 2006 to commemorate the 500th anniversary of the Vatican Museums.[1]

The Vatican Hill is not one of the famous seven hills of Rome, although it was included within the city limits of Rome during the reign of Pope Leo IV, who between 848 and 852 A.D. expanded the city walls to protect St. Peter's Basilica and the Vatican. Thus, Vatican Hill has been within the walls and city limits of Rome (until the Lateran Treaties in 1929 it was part the rione of Borgo) for over 1100 years.

Before the Avignon Papacy (1305-1378), the headquarters of the Holy See were located at the Lateran Palace. After the Avignon Papacy the church administration moved to Vatican Hill and the papal palace was (until 1871) the Quirinal Palace, upon the Quirinal Hill. Since 1929 the Vatican Hill has been the headquarters of the State of the Vatican City. However, the cathedral of the Bishop of Rome, the Pope, is not St. Peter's in the Vatican, it remains St. John in Lateran, which is on one of the seven hills of Rome (the Caelian), and is extra-territorially a part of the Vatican city-state. This is the result of the Lateran Treaty signed with the Italian state in 1929.

Coordinates:
Comune di Roma

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Nickname: "The Eternal City"
Motto: "Senatus Populusque Romanus" (SPQR)   (Latin)
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Latin}}} 
Official status
Official language of: Vatican City
Used for official purposes, but not spoken in everyday speech
Regulated by: Opus Fundatum Latinitas
Roman Catholic Church
Language codes
ISO 639-1: la
ISO 639-2: lat
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Italian}}} 
Official status
Official language of:  European Union
 European Union
 Switzerland
 San Marino
Vatican City
Sovereign Military Order of Malta

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rione (pl. rioni) comes from the Latin regio (pl. regiones, meaning region); during the Middle Ages the Latin word became rejones, from which rione.
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Borgo is an Italian word, cognate with English borough, German Burg, French bourg, that now usually means the new town outside the walls of an old town (the paese).
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Circus of Nero or Circus of Caligula was a circus in ancient Rome.

Construction

It was begun by Caligula on the property of his mother Agrippina on the Ager Vaticanus (today's rione of Borgo), and finished by Nero.
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The Churches of Rome are more than 900 in numbers.

Ancient churches

The first churches of Rome originated by the places where the Christians met, and are divided into three classes:
  1. the houses of private Roman citizens, who hosted the meeting of Christians (

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Saint Peter's Basilica
Basilica di San Pietro in Vaticano
The Basilica of Saint Peter from Castel Sant'Angelo.

Basic information
Location Vatican City
Geographic coordinates Coordinates:


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Roman sculpture refers to the sculpture of Ancient Rome. Roman sculpture often involved copying of Ancient Greek sculpture. Much Roman sculpture survives, although some of it is damaged. There are many surviving sculptures of Roman emperors.
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Latin}}} 
Official status
Official language of: Vatican City
Used for official purposes, but not spoken in everyday speech
Regulated by: Opus Fundatum Latinitas
Roman Catholic Church
Language codes
ISO 639-1: la
ISO 639-2: lat
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Christianity

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The Tiber (Italian Tevere, Latin Tiberis) is the third-longest river in Italy, rising in the Apennine mountains of Tuscany and flowing 406 kilometres through Umbria and Lazio to the Tyrrhenian Sea. It drains a basin estimated at 18,000 km².
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Seven Hills of Rome east of the Tiber form the heart of Rome. The Seven Hills of early Rome – the Cermalus, Cispius, Fagutal, Oppius, Palatium, Sucusa and Velia – figured prominently in Roman mythology, religion, and politics.
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Etruscan civilization is the modern English name given to the culture and way of life of a people of ancient Italy and Corsica whom the ancient Romans called Etrusci or Tusci.
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The 1st century was that century that lasted from 1 to 100 according the Gregorian calendar. It is considered part of the Classical era, epoch, or historical period
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The Roman Circus, the theatre and the amphitheatre were the most important buildings in the cities for public entertainment in the Roman Empire. Chariot races, horse races, and performances that commemorated important events of the empire were performed there.
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Circus of Nero or Circus of Caligula was a circus in ancient Rome.

Construction

It was begun by Caligula on the property of his mother Agrippina on the Ager Vaticanus (today's rione of Borgo), and finished by Nero.
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cemetery is a place in which dead bodies and cremated remains are buried. The term cemetery (from Greek κοιμητήριον: sleeping place) implies that the land is specifically designated as a burying ground.
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Saint Peter's Basilica
Basilica di San Pietro in Vaticano
The Basilica of Saint Peter from Castel Sant'Angelo.

Basic information
Location Vatican City
Geographic coordinates Coordinates:


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Peter, also known as Saint Peter, Shimon "Keipha" Ben-Yonah/Bar-Yonah, Simon Peter, Cephas and Keipha—original name Shimon or Simeon (Acts 15:14
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October 10 is the 1st day of the year (2nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 0 days remaining.

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The Vatican Museums (Musei Vaticani) are the public art and sculpture museums in the Vatican City, which display works from the extensive collection of the Roman Catholic Church. Pope Julius II founded the museums in the 16th century.
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Comune di Roma

Flag
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Nickname: "The Eternal City"
Motto: "Senatus Populusque Romanus" (SPQR)   (Latin)
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Pope Leo IV was pope from April 10, 847 to July 17, 855.

A Roman by birth, he was unanimously chosen to succeed Sergius II. When he was elected, on April 10, 847, he was cardinal of Santi Quattro Coronati, and had been subdeacon of Gregory IV and archpriest under his
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The Leonine City (in Latin Civitas Leonina) is that part of the city of Rome around which Pope Leo IV commissioned the construction of a wall for military defense during the 9th century. It is on the opposite side of the Tiber from the seven hills of Rome.
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Holy See

This article is part of the series:
Politics of the Vatican City

  • Pope
  • Benedict XVI
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19th century - 20th century - 21st century
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Year 1929 (MCMXXIX
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Rione (plural: rioni) is the name given to a ward in several Italian cities, the best-known of which is Rome. Unlike a quartiere, a rione is usually an official administrative subdivision.
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Borgo (sometimes called also I Borghi), is the XIV historic district (rione) of Rome. It lies on the west bank of the Tiber, and has a trapezoidal shape. Its Coat of Arms shows a lion (after the name "Leonine City", which was also given to the district), lying in front of
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