Information about Urinary Bladder
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In anatomy, the urinary bladder is a hollow, muscular, and distensible (or elastic) organ that sits on the pelvic floor in mammals. It is the organ that collects urine excreted by the kidneys prior to disposal by urination. Urine enters the bladder via the ureters and exits via the urethra.
In males, the bladder is superior to the prostate, and separated from the rectum by the rectovesical excavation.
In females, the bladder is separated from the rectum by the rectouterine excavation, and it is separated from the uterus by the vesicouterine excavation.
Regions
- Trigone of urinary bladder: The ureters enter the bladder diagonally from its dorsolateral floor in an area called the trigone, which is a triangular shaped area on the postero-inferior wall of the bladder. The urethra exits at the lowest point of the triangle of the trigone.
- Apex: The Median umbilical ligament connects to the apex of the bladder.
- Neck: The Neck is connected to the pubic bone by the pubovesical ligament in women, and by the puboprostatic ligament in men.
Wall
The wall of the urinary bladder consists of three layers:- Mucosa: in this instance transitional epithelium & lamina propria
- Detrusor muscle: consists of an inner and outer longitudinal layer and a middle circular layer of smooth muscle
- a fibrous adventitia and the visceral peritoneum: lie on superior surface
Detrusor muscle
The detrusor muscle is a layer of the urinary bladder wall made of smooth muscle fibers arranged in spiral, longitudinal, and circular bundles. When the bladder is stretched, this signals the parasympathetic nervous system to contract the detrusor muscle. This encourages the bladder to expel urine through the urethra.For the urine to exit the bladder, both the autonomically controlled internal sphincter and the voluntarily controlled external sphincter must be opened. Problems with these muscles can lead to incontinence.
The urinary bladder usually holds 400–620 mL of urine, but it can hold twice this without rupturing if, for example, the outflow is obstructed.
The desire to urinate usually starts when the bladder reaches around 75% of its working volume. If the subject is distracted the desire can fade and return with more urgency as the bladder continues to fill.
See also
- Artificial bladder
- Bladder cancer
- Bladder sphincter dyssynergia, a condition in which the sufferer cannot coordinate relaxation of the urethra sphincter with the contraction of the bladder muscles
- Cystitis
- Hematuria, or presence of blood in the urine, is a reason to seek medical attention without delay, as it is a symptom of bladder cancer as well as bladder and kidney stones.
- Neurogenic bladder
- Ureterocele
- Urinary incontinence
- Urodynamics The study of the functional aspects of the detrusor muscle.
- Uvula of urinary bladder
- Vesicouretic reflux
External links
- Histology at KUMC epithel-epith09 "Urinary Bladder"
- Organology at UC Davis Urinary/mammal/bladder/bladder1 - "Mammal, bladder (LM, Medium)"
- Virtual Slidebox at Univ. Iowa Slide 445
- SUNY Labs 43:07-0100 - "The Female Pelvis: The Urinary bladder"
- SUNY Labs 44:04-0103 - "The Male Pelvis: The Urinary bladder"
Additional images
) Structure of the penis | ) Organs of the female reproductive system. | Coronal section of pelvis, showing arrangement of fasciæ. Viewed from behind. | Dissection of side wall of pelvis showing sacral and pudendal plexuses. (Bladder visible at lower left.) | |
) The peritoneum of the male pelvis. | ) Median sagitta section of male pelvis. | ) Male pelvic organs seen from right side. | ) Median sagittal section of female pelvis. |
) The interior of bladder. | ) Vertical section of bladder wall. | Fundus of the bladder with the vesiculæ seminales. | ) Vertical section of bladder, penis, and urethra. |
Female pelvis and its contents, seen from above and in front. | ) Topography of thoracic and abdominal viscera. | ) The bladder can be seen highlighted in yellow in the illustration. | ) Layers of the urinary bladder wall and cross section of the detrusor muscle. |
Anatomy: urinary system |
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| Kidneys • Ureters • Urinary bladder • Urethral sphincters • Urethra |
Latin}}}
Official status
Official language of: Vatican City
Used for official purposes, but not spoken in everyday speech
Regulated by: Opus Fundatum Latinitas
Roman Catholic Church
Language codes
ISO 639-1: la
ISO 639-2: lat
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Official status
Official language of: Vatican City
Used for official purposes, but not spoken in everyday speech
Regulated by: Opus Fundatum Latinitas
Roman Catholic Church
Language codes
ISO 639-1: la
ISO 639-2: lat
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Arteries are muscular blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart.[1] All arteries, with the exception of the pulmonary and umbilical arteries, carry oxygenated blood.
The circulatory system is extremely important for sustaining life.
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The circulatory system is extremely important for sustaining life.
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The superior vesical artery supplies numerous branches to the upper part of the bladder.
From one of these a slender vessel, the artery to the ductus deferens, takes origin and accompanies the duct in its course to the testis, where it anastomoses with the internal
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From one of these a slender vessel, the artery to the ductus deferens, takes origin and accompanies the duct in its course to the testis, where it anastomoses with the internal
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The inferior vesical artery is an artery in the pelvis that supplies the lower part of the bladder.
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Structure
The inferior vesical artery is a branch (direct or indirect) of the anterior division of the internal iliac artery...... Click the link for more information.
The umbilical artery is a paired artery (with one for each half of the body) that is found in the abdominal and pelvic regions. In the fetus, it extends into the umbilical cord.
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The vaginal artery is an artery in females that supplies blood to the vagina.
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Structure
The vaginal artery is usually a branch of the internal iliac artery. It descends to the vagina, supplying its mucous membrane...... Click the link for more information.
vein is a blood vessel that carries blood toward the heart. The majority of veins in the body carry low-oxygen blood from the tissues back to the heart; the exceptions being the pulmonary and umbilical veins which both carry oxygenated blood.
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The vesical plexus envelops the lower part of the bladder and the base of the prostate and communicates with the pudendal and prostatic plexuses.
It is drained, by means of several vesical veins, into the hypogastric veins.
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It is drained, by means of several vesical veins, into the hypogastric veins.
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A nerve is an enclosed, cable-like bundle of axons (the long, slender projection of a neuron). Neurons are sometimes called nerve cells, though this term is technically imprecise since many neurons do not form nerves, and nerves also include the glial cells that
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The Vesical Plexus arises from the forepart of the pelvic plexus.
The nerves composing it are numerous, and contain a large proportion of spinal nerve fibers.
They accompany the vesicle arteries, and are distributed to the sides and fundus of the bladder.
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The nerves composing it are numerous, and contain a large proportion of spinal nerve fibers.
They accompany the vesicle arteries, and are distributed to the sides and fundus of the bladder.
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The lymphatic system is a complex network of lymphoid organs, lymph nodes, lymph ducts, lymphatic tissues, lymph capillaries and lymph vessels that produce and transport lymph fluid from tissues to the circulatory system.
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The external iliac lymph nodes, from eight to ten in number, lie along the external iliac vessels.
They are arranged in three groups, one on the lateral, another on the medial, and a third on the anterior aspect of the vessels; the third group is, however, sometimes absent.
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They are arranged in three groups, one on the lateral, another on the medial, and a third on the anterior aspect of the vessels; the third group is, however, sometimes absent.
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The internal iliac lymph nodes (or hypogastric) surround the hypogastric vessels, and receive the lymphatics corresponding to the distribution of the branches of the hypogastric artery, i. e.
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Embryology is the study of the development of an embryo. An embryo is defined as any vertebrate in a stage before birth or hatching. Embryology refers to the development of the egg cell (zygote) after fertilization and the differentiation of cells into tissues and organs.
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The urogenital sinus (also known as the persistent cloaca) is a part of the human body only present in the development of the urinary and reproductive organs. It is the ventral part of the cloaca, formed after the cloaca separates from the rectum.
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Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) is a huge controlled vocabulary (or metadata system) for the purpose of indexing journal articles and books in the life sciences. Created and updated by the United States National Library of Medicine (NLM), it is used by the MEDLINE/PubMed
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Elsevier, the world's largest publisher of medical and scientific literature, forms part of the Reed Elsevier group. Based in Amsterdam, the company has substantial operations in the UK, USA and elsewhere.
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Anatomy (from the Greek ἀνατομία anatomia, from ἀνατέμνειν
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The pelvic floor or pelvic diaphragm is composed of muscle fibers of the levator ani, the coccygeus, and associated connective tissue which span the area underneath the pelvis.
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Mammalia
Linnaeus, 1758
Subclasses & Infraclasses
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Linnaeus, 1758
Subclasses & Infraclasses
- Subclass †Allotheria*
- Subclass Prototheria
- Subclass Theria
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Urine is a liquid produced by animals through the kidney, and is collected in the bladder and excreted through the urethra.
Urine formation helps to maintain the balance of minerals and other substances in the body.
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Urine formation helps to maintain the balance of minerals and other substances in the body.
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The kidneys are organs that filter wastes (such as urea) from the blood and excrete them, along with water, as urine. The medical field that studies the kidneys and diseases of the kidney is called nephrology[1].
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Urination, known by physiologists as micturition, or more simply as voiding, is the process of disposing urine from the urinary bladder through the urethra to the outside of the body.
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In human anatomy, the ureters are the ducts that carry urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder, passing anterior to the psoas major. The ureters are muscular tubes that can propel urine along by the motions of peristalsis. In the adult, the ureters are usually 25-30cm long.
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In anatomy, the urethra is a tube which connects the urinary bladder to the outside of the body. The urethra has an excretory function in both genders to pass urine to the outside, and also a reproductive function in the male, as a passage for sperm.
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The prostate is a compound tubuloalveolar exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system.
The prostate differs considerably among species anatomically, chemically, and physiologically.
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The prostate differs considerably among species anatomically, chemically, and physiologically.
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The rectum (from the Latin rectum intestinum, meaning straight intestine) is the final straight portion of the large intestine in some mammals, and the gut in others, terminating in the anus. The human rectum is about 12 cm long.
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rectovesical excavation (or rectovesical pouch), the bottom of which is slightly below the level of the upper ends of the vesiculae seminales—i. e., about 7.5 cm. from the orifice of the anus.
The corresponding structure in women is the rectouterine pouch.
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The corresponding structure in women is the rectouterine pouch.
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The rectum (from the Latin rectum intestinum, meaning straight intestine) is the final straight portion of the large intestine in some mammals, and the gut in others, terminating in the anus. The human rectum is about 12 cm long.
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The rectouterine pouch (or rectouterine excavation, or rectovaginal) is the extension of the peritoneal cavity between the rectum and back wall of the uterus in the female human body.
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