Information about Ureter
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| 1. Renal pyramid 2. Efferent artery 3. Renal artery 4. Renal vein 5. Renal hilum 6. Renal pelvis 7. Ureter 8. Minor calyx 9. Renal capsule 10. Inferior renal capsule 11. Superior renal capsule 12. Afferent vein 13. Nephron 14. Minor calyx 15. Major calyx 16. Renal papilla 17. Renal column | |
| subject #254 1225 | |
| Artery | Superior vesical artery, Vaginal artery |
| Precursor | Ureteric bud |
| MeSH | Ureter |
| Dorlands/Elsevier | u_03/12838140 |
In humans, the ureters enter the bladder through the back, running within the wall of the bladder for a few centimetres. There are no valves in the ureters, backflow being prevented by pressure from the filling of the bladder, as well as the tone of the muscle in the bladder wall.
In the female, the ureters pass through the mesometrium on the way to the urinary bladder.
Histology
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Cross section through a microscope.
The epithelial cells of the ureter are stratified (in many layers), are normally round in shape but become squamous (flat) when stretched. The lamina propria is thick and elastic (as it is important that it is impermeable).
There are two spiral layers of smooth muscle in the ureter wall, an inner loose spiral, and an outer tight spiral. The inner loose spiral is sometimes described as longitudinal, and the outer as circular, (this is the opposite to the situation in the gastrointestinal tract). The distal third of the ureter contains another layer of outer longitudinal muscle.
The adventitia of the ureter, like elsewhere is composed of fibrous connective tissue, that binds it to adjacent tissues.
Diseases and disorders
Medical problems that can affect the ureter include:- cancer of the ureter
- passage of kidney stones
- ureterocele
- megaureter
- vesico-ureteric reflux
- anatomical abnormalities, such as duplexing and ectopia.
External links
- SUNY Labs 40:06-0111 - "Posterior Abdominal Wall: Internal Structure of a Kidney"
- SUNY Figs 43:08-02 - "Relationship of the ureter to the uterine artery."
- SUNY Figs 44:02-01 - "Mid-sagittal section of male pelvis."
- SUNY Anatomy Image 8923
- SUNY Anatomy Image 8945
- Virtual Slidebox at Univ. Iowa Slide 444
- Organology at UC Davis Urinary/mammal/ureter/ureter1 - "Mammal, ureter (LM, Medium)"
- Histology at KUMC urinary-renal15 - "Ureter"
- Cross section at UV pelvis/pelvis-female-17
Additional images
) Bladder | ) Frontal section through the kidney | ) Wall of the ureter. | Transverse section of human embryo eight and a half to nine weeks old. |
) Tail end of human embryo thirty-two to thirty-three days old. | ) The relations of the viscera and large vessels of the abdomen. (Seen from behind, the last thoracic vertebra being well raised.) | ) The posterior surfaces of the kidneys, showing areas of relation to the parietes. | ) Vertical section of kidney. |
) Transverse section of ureter. | ) The interior of bladder. | Fundus of the bladder with the vesiculæ seminales. | ) Median sagittal section of male pelvis. |
Anatomy: urinary system |
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| Kidneys • Ureters • Urinary bladder • Urethral sphincters • Urethra |
Renal pyramids (or malpighian pyramids) are cone-shaped tissues of the kidney. The renal medulla is made up of 8 to 18 of these conical subdivisions. The broad base of each pyramid faces the renal cortex, and its apex, or papilla, points internally.
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The renal arteries normally arise off the side of the abdominal aorta, immediately below the superior mesenteric artery, and supply the kidneys with blood. Each is directed across the crus of the diaphragm, so as to form nearly a right angle with the aorta.
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The renal veins are veins that drain the kidney. They connect the kidney to the inferior vena cava.
It is usually singular to each kidney, except in the condition "multiple renal veins".
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It is usually singular to each kidney, except in the condition "multiple renal veins".
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hilum, and transmits the vessels, nerves, and ureter.
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External links
- Histology at BU 15901loa
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The renal pelvis is the funnel-like dilated proximal part of the ureter in the kidney.
It is the point of convergence of two or three major calyces. Each renal papilla is surrounded by a branch of the renal pelvis called a calyx.
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It is the point of convergence of two or three major calyces. Each renal papilla is surrounded by a branch of the renal pelvis called a calyx.
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The minor calyx surrounds the apex of the malpighian pyramids. Urine formed in the kidney passes through a papilla at the apex into the minor calyx then into the major calyx.
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The renal capsule is a tough fibrous layer surrounding the kidney and covered in a thick layer of perinephric adipose tissue. It provides some protection from trauma and damage.
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The renal capsule is a tough fibrous layer surrounding the kidney and covered in a thick layer of perinephric adipose tissue. It provides some protection from trauma and damage.
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The renal capsule is a tough fibrous layer surrounding the kidney and covered in a thick layer of perinephric adipose tissue. It provides some protection from trauma and damage.
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A nephron (from Greek νεφρός (nephros) meaning "kidney") is the basic structural and functional unit of the kidney. Its chief function is to regulate the concentration of water and soluble substances like sodium salts by filtering the blood,
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The minor calyx surrounds the apex of the malpighian pyramids. Urine formed in the kidney passes through a papilla at the apex into the minor calyx then into the major calyx.
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The major calyx surrounds the apex of the the malpighian pyramids. Urine formed in the kidney passes through a papilla at the apex into a minor calyx then into major calyx before passing through the renal pelvis into the ureter.
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In the kidney, the renal papilla is the location where the Medullary pyramids empty urine into the renal pelvis. Histologically it is marked by medullary collecting ducts converging to channel the fluid. Transitional epithelium begins to be seen.
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The renal column (or Bertin column, or column of Bertin) is a medullary extension of the renal cortex in between the renal pyramids. It allows the cortex to be better anchored.
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Arteries are muscular blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart.[1] All arteries, with the exception of the pulmonary and umbilical arteries, carry oxygenated blood.
The circulatory system is extremely important for sustaining life.
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The circulatory system is extremely important for sustaining life.
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The superior vesical artery supplies numerous branches to the upper part of the bladder.
From one of these a slender vessel, the artery to the ductus deferens, takes origin and accompanies the duct in its course to the testis, where it anastomoses with the internal
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From one of these a slender vessel, the artery to the ductus deferens, takes origin and accompanies the duct in its course to the testis, where it anastomoses with the internal
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The vaginal artery is an artery in females that supplies blood to the vagina.
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Structure
The vaginal artery is usually a branch of the internal iliac artery. It descends to the vagina, supplying its mucous membrane...... Click the link for more information.
Embryology is the study of the development of an embryo. An embryo is defined as any vertebrate in a stage before birth or hatching. Embryology refers to the development of the egg cell (zygote) after fertilization and the differentiation of cells into tissues and organs.
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The ureteric bud is a protrusion from the mesonephric duct during the development of the urinary and reproductive organs. It latter develops into the adult kidney, except for the nephrons, which, in contrast, originate from the metanephric blastema.
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Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) is a huge controlled vocabulary (or metadata system) for the purpose of indexing journal articles and books in the life sciences. Created and updated by the United States National Library of Medicine (NLM), it is used by the MEDLINE/PubMed
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Elsevier, the world's largest publisher of medical and scientific literature, forms part of the Reed Elsevier group. Based in Amsterdam, the company has substantial operations in the UK, USA and elsewhere.
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Anatomy (from the Greek ἀνατομία anatomia, from ἀνατέμνειν
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Urine is a liquid produced by animals through the kidney, and is collected in the bladder and excreted through the urethra.
Urine formation helps to maintain the balance of minerals and other substances in the body.
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Urine formation helps to maintain the balance of minerals and other substances in the body.
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The kidneys are organs that filter wastes (such as urea) from the blood and excrete them, along with water, as urine. The medical field that studies the kidneys and diseases of the kidney is called nephrology[1].
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In anatomy, the urinary bladder is a hollow, muscular, and distensible (or elastic) organ that sits on the pelvic floor in mammals. It is the organ that collects urine excreted by the kidneys prior to disposal by urination.
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The Psoas major is a long fusiform muscle placed on the side of the lumbar region of the vertebral column and brim of the lesser pelvis.
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Location
Origin
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Peristalsis is the rhythmic contraction of smooth muscles to propel contents through the digestive tract. The word is derived from New Latin and comes from the Greek peristaltikos, peristaltic, from peristellein, "to wrap around," and stellein
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The mesometrium is the mesentery of the uterus. It constitutes the majority of the broad ligament of the uterus, excluding only the portions adjacent to the uterine tube and ovary.
It is adjacent to the mesosalpinx.
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It is adjacent to the mesosalpinx.
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In anatomy, the urinary bladder is a hollow, muscular, and distensible (or elastic) organ that sits on the pelvic floor in mammals. It is the organ that collects urine excreted by the kidneys prior to disposal by urination.
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Transitional epithelia is a type of tissue consisting of multiple layers of epithelial cells which can contract and expand. These cells, part of the epithelium, are usually found in the urinary tract, especially around the urinary bladder.
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