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Information about Tsyklon

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Tsyklon-3 rocket launching Meteor-3 weather observation satellite (Plesetsk, Aug. 15, 1991)


The Tsyklon (Циклон, "Cyclone", also known as Tsiklon) is a Soviet/Ukrainian-designed expendable launch system, primarily used to put Cosmos and Meteor class satellites into low earth orbit. It is based on the R-36 intercontinental ballistic missile designed by Mikhail Yangel and of its more than 100 launches since 1967, there have been only two failures. On December 27, 2000, A Tsyklon-3 light booster failed in its attempt to carry six Russian satellites into orbit, plummeting to the earth. An electrical failure in the rocket's third stage was the suspected cause.

This rocket was first introduced in 1966 and was derived from the R-36 ICBM (NATO designation of SS-9, Scarp).

There are two major variants of the Tsyklon: the Tsyklon-2 and Tsyklon-3, known respectively as the SL-11 and SL-14 by the US Department of Defense. The two stage Tsyklon-2 was first launched October 27, 1967, from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan, while the Tsyklon-3, which features a restartable third stage, first launched on June 24, 1977 from the Plesetsk Cosmodrome.

The Tsyklon-2 is 35.5 to 39.7 meters long with a fueled mass of 182 tonnes. The Tsyklon-3 is 39.27 meters long with a fueled mass of 186 to 190 tonnes.

Tsyklon launch vehicles are designed by the Yuzhnoe Design Bureau and manufactured by Yuzhmash (both in Dnipropetrovsk, Ukraine). They are launched from Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan and Plesetsk Cosmodrome in Russia and are still in service as of March 2006.

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Soviet and Russian expendable launch vehicles
Active:Cosmos-3M Dnepr Molniya Proton Rockot Shtil' Soyuz (U, 2) Start-1 Strela Tsyklon Volna Zenit
In development:Angara Onega
Past:Energia N1 Polyot R-7 Semyorka Voskhod Vostok

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List of expendable launch vehicles
Current:
Planned:
Historical:
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (abbreviated USSR, Russian: (help info ) ; tr.
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Anthem
Ще не вмерла України ні слава, ні воля  
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expendable launch system uses an expendable launch vehicle (ELV) to launch a payload into outer space. This type of launch vehicle is designed to be used only once, and its components are not recovered after the launch.
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For the Cosmos 1 solar sail — not part of this series — see Cosmos 1.


Cosmos is name of a series of satellites which were launched by the Soviet Union and are being launched now by Russia.
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The Meteor craft are weather observation satellites launched by the USSR. The Meteor satellites were designed to monitor atmospheric and sea-surface temperatures, humidity, radiation, sea ice conditions, snow-cover, and clouds.
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satellite is an object which has been placed into orbit by human endeavor. Such objects are sometimes called artificial satellites to distinguish them from natural satellites such as the Moon.
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Low Earth Orbit (LEO) is generally defined as an orbit within the locus extending from the Earth’s surface up to an altitude of 2,000 km. Given the rapid orbital decay of objects below approximately 200 km, the commonly accepted definition for LEO is between 200 - 2000 km
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Function Intercontinental ballistic missile
Manufacturer Yuzhny Machine-Building Plant
Unit cost Unit unknown; Program R&D/Testing 8-10 billion rubles
Entered service 1967
General characteristics
Engine
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intercontinental ballistic missile, or ICBM, is a long-range (greater than 5,500 km or 3,500 miles) ballistic missile typically designed for nuclear weapons delivery, that is, delivering one or more nuclear warheads.
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Mikhail Kuzmich Yangel (Михаил Кузьмич Янгель in Russian) (October 25 (November 7), 1911 - October 25, 1971, Moscow) was a leading missile designer in the
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December 27 is the 1st day of the year (2nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 0 days remaining.

Events

  • 537 - The Hagia Sophia is completed.

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20th century - 21st century
1970s  1980s  1990s  - 2000s -  2010s  2020s  2030s
1997 1998 1999 - 2000 - 2001 2002 2003

2000 by topic:
News by month
Jan - Feb - Mar - Apr - May - Jun
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19th century - 20th century - 21st century
1930s  1940s  1950s  - 1960s -  1970s  1980s  1990s
1963 1964 1965 - 1966 - 1967 1968 1969

Year 1966 (MCMLXVI
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Function Intercontinental ballistic missile
Manufacturer Yuzhny Machine-Building Plant
Unit cost Unit unknown; Program R&D/Testing 8-10 billion rubles
Entered service 1967
General characteristics
Engine
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Motto
"In God We Trust"   (since 1956)
"E Pluribus Unum"   ("From Many, One"; Latin, traditional)
Anthem
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Department of Defense redirects here. For the defense departments in governments of other countries, see defence ministry.

United States
Department of Defense
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October 27th is the feast day of the following Roman Catholic Saints:
  • Abban of Magheranoidhe
  • Abban of New Ross
  • St.
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    • 19th century - 20th century - 21st century
    1930s  1940s  1950s  - 1960s -  1970s  1980s  1990s
    1964 1965 1966 - 1967 - 1968 1969 1970

    Year 1967 (MCMLXVII
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    Baikonur Cosmodrome (Kazakh: Байқоңыр ғарыш айлағы, Bayqoñır ğarış aylağı; Russian:
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    Anthem
    My Kazakhstan


    Capital Astana

    Largest city Almaty
    Official languages Kazakh (state language), Russian
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    June 24 is the 1st day of the year (2nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 0 days remaining.

    Events

    • 972 - Battle of Cedynia, the first documented victory of Polish forces.

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    19th century - 20th century - 21st century
    1940s  1950s  1960s  - 1970s -  1980s  1990s  2000s
    1974 1975 1976 - 1977 - 1978 1979 1980

    Also: 1977 (album) by Ash.

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    Plesetsk Cosmodrome is a Russian spaceport, located in Arkhangelsk Oblast, about 800 km north of Moscow and south of Arkhangelsk.

    It was originally developed by the Soviet Union as a launch site for intercontinental ballistic missiles.
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    1 metre =
    SI units
    1000 mm 0 cm
    US customary / Imperial units
    0 ft 0 in
    The metre or meter[1](symbol: m) is the fundamental unit of length in the International System of Units (SI).
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    tonne (t) or metric ton (M/T), also referred to as a metric tonne, is a measurement of mass equal to 1,000 kilograms. It is not an SI unit but is accepted for use with the SI.
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    Yuzhnoye Design Bureau (Russian: Констру́кторское бюро́ «Ю́жное»
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    The A.M. Makarov Yuzhny Machine-Building Plant, or PA Yuzhmash (Ukrainian: Виробниче Об'єднання
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    Dnipropetrovsk
    Дніпропетровсь?
    View of modern apartments in Dnipropetrovsk.
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    Anthem
    Ще не вмерла України ні слава, ні воля  
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    Baikonur Cosmodrome (Kazakh: Байқоңыр ғарыш айлағы, Bayqoñır ğarış aylağı; Russian:
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