Treaty Of Berlin (1878)

Information about Treaty Of Berlin (1878)

Southeastern Europe after the Congress of Berlin.

The Treaty of Berlin was the final Act of the Congress of Berlin (June 13-July 13, 1878), by which the United Kingdom, Austria-Hungary, France, Germany, Italy, Russia and the Ottoman Empire under Sultan Hamid revised the Treaty of San Stefano signed on March 3 of the same year.

The treaty recognized the complete independence of the principalities of Romania, Serbia and Montenegro and the autonomy of Bulgaria, though the latter remained under formal Ottoman overlordship and was divided between the Principality of Bulgaria and the autonomous province of Eastern Rumelia, undoing Russian plans for an independent and Russophile "Greater Bulgaria". The Ottoman province of Bosnia-Herzegovina as well as the former Sanjak of Novi Pazar were placed under Austro-Hungarian occupation, though formally remaining a part of the Ottoman Empire.

The three newly-independent states subsequently proclaimed themselves kingdoms (Romania in 1881, Serbia in 1882 and Montenegro in 1910), while Bulgaria proclaimed full independence in 1908 after uniting with Eastern Rumelia in 1885. Austria-Hungary annexed Bosnia in 1908, sparking a major European crisis.

The Treaty of Berlin accorded special legal status to some religious groups; it also served as a model for the Minorities System that was subsequently established within the framework of the League of Nations.^[1]

The Treaty also vaguely called for a border rectification between Greece and the Ottoman Empire which occurred after protracted negotiations in 1881 with the transfer of Thessaly to Greece.

• • [ e] Diplomacy of the Great Powers 1871-1913
Great Powers	British Empire
Treaties and agreements	Treaty of Frankfurt
Events	Russo-Turkish War

Notes

1. ^ Buergenthal, Thomas (July 1, 2002). International Human Rights in a Nutshell (3rd Edition). West Publishing Company. ISBN 0-314-26014-5. p. 7

The Congress of Berlin (June 13 - July 13, 1878) was a meeting of the European Great Powers' and the Ottoman Empire's leading statesmen in Berlin in 1878. In the wake of the Russo-Turkish War, 1877–78, the meeting's aim was to reorganize the countries of the Balkans.
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June 13 is the 1st day of the year (2nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 0 days remaining.

Events

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July 13 is the 1st day of the year (2nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 0 days remaining.
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18th century - 19th century - 20th century
1840s 1850s 1860s - 1870s - 1880s 1890s 1900s
1875 1876 1877 - 1878 - 1879 1880 1881

:
Subjects: Archaeology - Architecture -
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United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland was the formal name of the United Kingdom from 1 January 1801 until 12 April 1927. It was formed by the merger of the Kingdom of Great Britain (itself having been a merger of the Kingdoms of England and Scotland) and the Kingdom of
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Ancient times
Hallstatt culture
Noricum
March of Austria
Babenberger
Privilegium Minus
Habsburg era
House of Habsburg
Holy Roman Empire
Archduchy of Austria
Habsburg Monarchy
Austrian Empire
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The French Third Republic (in French, La Troisième République, sometimes written as La IIIe République) (1870-10 July 1940) was the political regime of France between the Second French Empire and the Vichy Regime.
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German Empire is the name used in English to describe the first 47 years of the German Reich when it was a semi-constitutional monarchy: beginning with the unification of Germany and proclamation of Wilhelm I of Prussia as German Emperor (January 18, 1871), effectively
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Russian Empire (Pre-reform Russian: Pоссiйская Имперiя, Modern Russian: Российская империя,
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Ottoman Empire or Ottoman Caliphate (1299 to 1922) (Old Ottoman Turkish: دولت عالیه عثمانیه Devlet-i Âliye-yi Osmâniyye, Late Ottoman and Modern Turkish:
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Abdülhamid II (Ottoman Turkish: عبد الحميد ثانی `Abdü’l-Ḥamīd-i sânî, Turkish:
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Preliminary Treaty of San Stefano was a treaty between Russia and the Ottoman Empire signed at the end of the Russo-Turkish War, 1877–78. It was signed on March 3, 1878 at San Stefano (Greek: 'Αγιος Στέφανος,
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March 3 is the 1st day of the year (2nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 0 days remaining.

Events

1431 - Eugene IV becomes Pope.

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Motto

(each main institution has its own motto)
Anthem
Deşteaptă-te, române!

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Anthem
Bože pravde
God of Justice

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Anthem
Oj, svijetla majska zoro
"Oh, Bright Dawn of May"

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Motto
Съединението прави силата (Bulgarian)
"Suedinenieto pravi silata"
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Eastern Rumelia or Eastern Roumelia (Bulgarian: Източна Румелия, Iztochna Rumelija; Ottoman Turkish: Rumeli-i Şarki
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Motto
"Jedna lasta, men' s' čini proljeće"
Anthem
Intermeco

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Eastern Rumelia or Eastern Roumelia (Bulgarian: Източна Румелия, Iztochna Rumelija; Ottoman Turkish: Rumeli-i Şarki
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The Bosnian Crisis of 1908-1909 was caused by the annexation of Bosnia and Herzegovina by Austria-Hungary in October, 1908. It increased tensions amongst the Great Powers and led to a controversy between the dual monarchy of Austria-Hungary, Russia and Ottoman Empire.
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League of Nations

1939–1941 semi-official emblem

Anachronous world map in 1920–1945, showing the League of Nations and the world

Formation 28 June 1919
Extinction 18 April 1946
Headquarters Palais des Nations, Geneva
Switzerland
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Motto
Ελευθερία ή θάνατος
Eleftheria i thanatos
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Thessalia redirects here. For the butterfly genus, see Thessalia (butterfly).

Thessaly (in Greek, Θεσσαλία — Thessalía
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Motto
Ελευθερία ή θάνατος
Eleftheria i thanatos
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Diplomacy is the art and practice of conducting negotiations between representatives of groups or states. It usually refers to international diplomacy, the conduct of international relations through the intercession of professional diplomats with regard to issues of peace-making,
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great power is a nation or state that has the ability to exert its influence on a global scale. Great powers characteristically possess economic, military, diplomatic, and cultural strength, which may cause other, smaller nations to consider the opinions of great powers before
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Treaty Of Berlin (1878)

Information about Treaty Of Berlin (1878)

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Events

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