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Information about Tibetan Calendar

Calendars
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Common use Chinese Islamic Gregorian ISO Astro Julian
Calendar Types
Lunisolar Solar Lunar
Selected usage Armenian Bah' Bengali Berber Buddhist Coptic Ethiopian Germanic Hebrew Hindu Indian Iranian Irish Japanese Javanese Malayalam Maya Nanakshahi Nepali Nepal Sambat Tamil Thai: Lunar – Solar Tibetan Vietnamese Zoroastrian
Calendar Types
Original Julian Runic
The Tibetan calendar is a lunisolar calendar, that is, the Tibetan year is composed of either 12 or 13 lunar months, each beginning and ending with a new moon. A thirteenth month is added approximately every three years, so that an average Tibetan year is equal to the solar year. The months have no names, but are referred to by their numbers.

The Tibetan New Year celebration is Losar.

Each year is associated with an animal and an element. The animals alternate in the following order:
HareDragonSnakeHorseSheepApeBirdDogPigMouseBullTiger
The elements alternate in the following order:
FireEarthIronWaterWood
Each element is associated with two consecutive years, first in its male aspect, then in its female aspect. For example, a male Earth-Dragon year is followed by a female Earth-Snake year, then by a male Iron-Horse year. The sex may be omitted, as it can be inferred from the animal.

The element-animal designations recur in cycles of 60 years, starting with a (female) Fire-Hare year. These big cycles are numbered. The first cycle started in 1027. Therefore, 2005 roughly corresponds to the (female) Wood-Bird year of the 17th cycle.

Days of the week

The days of the week are named for celestial bodies.

Day Tibetan (Wylie) Phonetic transcription Object
Sundayགཟའ་ཉི་མ་ (gza' nyi ma)Sa nyi-maSun
Mondayགཟའ་ཟླ་བ་ (gza' zla ba)Sa da-waMoon
Tuesdayགཟའ་མིག་དབར་ (gza' mig dmar)Sa Mik-marMars
Wednesdayགཟའ་ལྷག་པ་ (gza' lhak pa)Sa Lhak-baMercury
Thursdayགཟའ་ཕུར་པུ་ (gza' phur bu)Sa Phur-buJupiter
Fridayགཟའ་པ་སངས་ (gza' pa sangs)Sa Ba-sangVenus
Saturdayགཟའ་སྤེན་པ་ (gza' spen pa)Sa ben-baSaturn


Nyima "Sun", Dawa "Moon" and Lhagpa "Mercury" are common personal names for people born on Sunday, Monday or Wednesday respectively.

References

  • Norbu, Thubten & Harrer, Heinrich (1960). Tibet is my Country. London: Readers Union, Rupert Hart-Davis. 
  • Shakabpa, Tsepon W.D. (1967). Tibet: A Political History. New Haven and London: Yale University Press. 
  • Tournadre, Nicolas & Sangda Dorje (2003). Manual of Standard Tibetan: Language and Civilization, trans. Ramble, Charles, Ithaca: Snow Lion Publications. ISBN 1-55939-189-8. 
Calendars

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Chinese calendar is a lunisolar calendar, incorporating elements of a lunar calendar with those of a solar calendar. In China today, the Gregorian calendar is used for most day to day activities, but the Chinese calendar is still used for marking traditional Chinese holidays such
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Islamic calendar or Muslim calendar (Arabic: التقويم الهجري; at-taqwīm al-hijrī
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Gregorian calendar is the most widely used calendar in the world. A modification of the Julian calendar, it was first proposed by the Calabrian doctor Aloysius Lilius, and was decreed by Pope Gregory XIII, for whom it was named, on 24 February 1582 via the papal bull
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ISO week date system is a leap week calendar system that is part of the ISO 8601 date and time standard. The system is used (mainly) in government and business for fiscal years, as
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Astronomical year numbering is based on AD/CE year numbering, but follows normal decimal integer numbering more strictly. Thus, it has a year 0 and the years before that are designated with a minus sign '−'. The era designations AD/CE are dropped.
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Revised Julian calendar or, less formally, New Calendar, is a calendar scheme, originated in 1923, which effectively discontinued the 340 years of divergence between the naming of dates sanctioned by those Eastern Orthodox churches adopting it and the Gregorian calendar
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lunisolar calendar is a calendar in many cultures whose date indicates both the moon phase and the time of the solar year. If the solar year is defined as a tropical year then a lunisolar calendar will give an indication of the season; if it is taken as a sidereal year then the
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solar calendar is a calendar whose dates indicate the position of the earth on its revolution around the sun (or equivalently the apparent position of the sun moving on the celestial sphere).
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lunar calendar is a calendar in many cultures that is oriented at the moon phase.

This is normally done by having a month which corresponds to a lunation so that the day of month indicates the moon phase. If a calendar tracks the seasons, it is also a lunisolar calendar.
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Armenian calendar uses the Armenian numerals. It begins in AD 552 as the start of the Armenian era.

Dates are marked by the letters ԹՎ
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Bengali calendar (Bengali: বঙ্গাব্দ Bônggabdo or বাংলা সন Bangla Shôn
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Berber calendar is the annual calendar used by Berber people in North Africa. This calendar is also known in Arabic under the name of فلاحي fellāḥī "agricultural" or عجمي ajamī "not Arabic".
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Buddhist calendar is used on mainland Southeast Asia in the countries of Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, Myanmar (formerly Burma) and Sri Lanka in several related forms. It is a lunisolar calendar having months that are alternately 29 and 30 days, with an intercalated day and a 30-day
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Coptic calendar, also called the Alexandrian calendar, is used by the Coptic Orthodox Church. This calendar is based on the ancient Egyptian calendar. To avoid the calendar creep of the latter, a reform of the ancient Egyptian calendar was introduced at the time of Ptolemy
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Ethiopian calendar (Amharic: የኢትዮጵያ ዘመን አቆጣጠር ye'Ītyōṗṗyā zemen āḳoṭaṭer), also called the
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Germanic calendars were the regional agricultural almanacs in use amongst the Germanic peoples, prior to the adoption of the Julian and later the Gregorian calendar.
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Hebrew calendar (Hebrew: הלוח העברי‎) or Jewish calendar is the calendar used by Jews for religious purposes.
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Hindu calendar used in ancient times has undergone many changes in the process of regionalization, and today there are several regional Indian calendars, as well as an Indian national calendar. In Pakistan it is called 'desi' or native calendar.
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Indian national calendar (sometimes called Saka calendar) is the official civil calendar in use in India. It is used, alongside the Gregorian calendar, by the Gazette of India, news broadcasts by All India Radio, and calendars and communications issued by the Government of
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Iranian calendar (Persian: سالنمای هجری خورشیدی) also known as Persian calendar or the Jalāli Calendar
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Irish calendar does not observe the typical astronomical seasons (beginning, in the Northern Hemisphere, on the equinoxes and solstices), or the meteorological seasons (beginning on March 1, June 1, September 1 and December 1), but rather centres the seasons around the solstices
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1948 - The following national holidays were introduced: New Year's Day, Coming-of-Age Day, Constitution Memorial Day, Children's Day, Autumnal Equinox Day, Culture Day, Labour Thanksgiving Day.
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This article or section may be confusing or unclear for some readers.
Please [improve the article] or discuss this issue on the talk page. This article has been tagged since December 2006.
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Malayalam calendar (also known as Malayalam Era or Kollavarsham) is a solar Sidereal calendar used in the state of Kerala in South India. The Era started in the year 825 AD.
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The Maya calendar is a system of distinct calendars and almanacs used by the Maya civilization of pre-Columbian Mesoamerica, and by some modern Maya communities in highland Guatemala.
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Nanakshahi (Punjabi: ਨਾਨਕਸ਼ਾਹੀ,
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Bikram Samwat (Bikram Sambat, Devnagari:बिक्रम संवत, abbreviated "B.S.") is the calendar established by Indian emperor Vikramaditya. It is official calendar of Nepal.
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Nepal Sambat (Nepal Bhasa: नेपाल सम्बत) is a lunar calendar. It was initiated by Sankhadhar Sakhwa to commemorate the pay back of all the debts of Nepalese people.
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Tamil Calendar is used in Tamil Nadu in India, and by the Tamil population in Malaysia, Singapore and Sri Lanka. Its use is now largely restricted to cultural and religious events, with the Gregorian calendar having supplanted it for official use both within and outside India.
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