Third Ecumenical Council

Information about Third Ecumenical Council

This 431 council is distinguished from the "Second Council of Ephesus" in AD 449.

Council of Ephesus
Date	431
Accepted by	Roman Catholicism, Eastern Orthodoxy, Oriental Orthodoxy, Anglicanism, Lutheranism
Previous council	First Council of Constantinople
Next council	(Oriental Orthodox) Second Council of Ephesus (Roman Catholic, Orthodox, etc.) Council of Chalcedon
Convoked by	Emperor Theodosius II
Presided by	Cyril of Alexandria Pope Celestine (through papal legates)
Attendance	200-250 (papal representatives arrived late)
Topics of discussion	Nestorianism, Theotokos, Pelagianism
Documents and statements	Nicene Creed confirmed, condemnations of heresies, declaration of "Theotokos"
Chronological list of Ecumenical councils

Cyril of Alexandria

The Council of Ephesus was held in the Church of Mary in Ephesus, Asia Minor in 431 under Emperor Theodosius II, grandson of Theodosius the Great; Ephesus was the city of Artemis (see Acts 19:28). Approximately 200 bishops were present. The proceedings were conducted in a heated atmosphere of confrontation and recriminations. It is counted as the Third Ecumenical Council, and was chiefly concerned with Nestorianism.

Nestorianism emphasized the dual natures of Christ. Patriarch Nestorius taught that Mary, the mother of Jesus gave birth to the incarnate Christ, not the divine Logos who existed before Mary and indeed before time itself. Consequently, Mary should be called Christotokos, Greek for the "Christ-Bearer" and not Theotokos, Greek for the "God-Bearer." This was essentially a Christological controversy.

At the urging of its president, Cyril of Alexandria, the Council denounced Nestorius' teaching as erroneous and decreed that Jesus was one person, not two separate people: complete God and complete man, with a rational soul and body. The Virgin Mary was to be called Theotokos because she bore and gave birth to God as a man. This did not resolve the debate over the union of the two natures of Christ, and related issues were debated at the Council of Chalcedon.

The Council of Ephesus also declared the text of the Nicene Creed of 381 to be complete and forbade any additional change (addition or deletion) to it. In addition, it condemned Pelagianism.

Eight canons[1] were passed:

Canon 1 decreed a heretic named Celestius (so Scholion), anathema.

Canon 2-5 decreed Nestorianism anathema.

Canon 6 decreed those who do not abide by the canons of Ephesus are excommunicated.

Canon 7 decreed those who do not abide by Nicaea are anathema.

Canon 8: "Let the rights of each province be preserved pure and inviolate. No attempt to introduce any form contrary to these shall be of any avail." Mention is made of the Canons of the Apostles.

External links

Eight canons promulgated by the Council of Ephesus
Medieval Sourcebook: Documents and letters concerning the Council of Ephesus
Extracts from the Acts of the council
Catholic Encyclopedia: Ephesus, Council of; report of proceeding from the Catholic POV
Michael J. Svigel, "The Phantom Heresy:Did the Council of Ephesus (431) Condemn Chiliasm?"
Council of Ephesus

• • [ e] Ecumenical councils
Oriental Orthodox	Nicaea I \| Constantinople I \| Ephesus I \| Ephesus II
Catholic & Byzantine Orthodox	Nicaea I \| Constantinople I \| Ephesus \| Chalcedon \| Constantinople II \| Constantinople III \| Nicaea II \| Constantinople IV
Byzantine Orthodox	Quinisext Council \| Constantinople V \| Synod of Jerusalem
Catholic	Lateran I \| Lateran II \| Lateran III \| Lateran IV \| Lyon I \| Lyon II \| Vienne \| Constance \| Council of Basel-Ferrara-Florence \| Lateran V \| Trent \| Vatican I \| Vatican II

An editor has expressed concern that this article or section is .
Please help improve the article by adding information and sources on neglected viewpoints, or by summarizing and use of summary style if it is too long already.
Please see the discussion on the .
..... Click the link for more information.

5th century · 6th century
400s 410s 420s 430s 440s 450s 460s
428 429 430 431 432 433 434
..... Click the link for more information.

Christianity

Foundations
Jesus Christ
Church Theology
New Covenant Supersessionism
Dispensationalism
Apostles Kingdom Gospel
History of Christianity Timeline
Bible
Old Testament New Testament
Books Canon Apocrypha
..... Click the link for more information.

Eastern Christianity

History
Byzantine Empire
Crusades
Ecumenical council
Baptism of Kiev
Great Schism
By region
Eastern Orthodox history
Ukraine Christian history
Asia Eastern Christian history

Traditions
..... Click the link for more information.

Anglicanism most commonly refers to the beliefs and practices of the Anglican Communion, a world-wide affiliation of Christian Churches. There is no single "Anglican Church" with universal juridical authority, since each national or regional church has full autonomy.
..... Click the link for more information.

Lutheranism is a major branch of Protestant Christianity that identifies with the teachings of the sixteenth-century German reformer Martin Luther. Luther's efforts to reform the theology and practice of the Church launched the Protestant Reformation and, though it was not
..... Click the link for more information.

First Council of Constantinople (Second Ecumenical Council) was called by Theodosius I in 383^[1]^[2] which confirmed the Nicene Creed and dealt with other matters of the Arian controversy.
..... Click the link for more information.

The Council of Chalcedon was an ecumenical council that took place from October 8 to November 1, 451, at Chalcedon (a city of Bithynia in Asia Minor), today part of the city of Istanbul on the Asian side of the Bosphorus and known as the district of Kadıköy.
..... Click the link for more information.

Theodosius II
Emperor of the
Eastern Roman Empire

Bust of Theodosius II
Reign 408 - July 28 450
(His sister acted as regent 408 - 416)
Full name Flavius Theodosius
Born April 401
Died July 28 450

..... Click the link for more information.

Pope St. Cyril of Alexandria (ca. 378 - ca. 444) was the Pope of Alexandria when the city was at its height in influence and power within the Roman Empire. Cyril wrote extensively and was a leading protagonist in the Christological controversies of the 4th and 5th centuries.
..... Click the link for more information.

There have been five Popes Celestine of the Roman Catholic Church:

Pope Celestine I (422–432)
Pope Celestine II (1143–1144)
Pope Celestine III (1191–1198)
Pope Celestine IV (1241)
Pope Celestine V (1294)

..... Click the link for more information.

Nestorianism is the doctrine that Jesus exists as two persons, the man Jesus and the divine Son of God, or Logos, rather than as a unified person. This doctrine is identified with Nestorius (c. 386–c. 451), Archbishop of Constantinople.
..... Click the link for more information.

Theotokos (Greek: Θεοτόκος, translit. Theotókos) is a title of Mary, the mother of Jesus used especially in the Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox, and Eastern Catholic Churches.
..... Click the link for more information.

Pelagianism is a theological theory named after Pelagius. It is the belief that original sin did not taint human nature (which, being created from God, was divine), and that mortal will is still capable of choosing good or evil without Divine aid.
..... Click the link for more information.

Nicene Creed, Niceno-Constantinopolitan Creed or Icon/Symbol of the Faith, is an ecumenical Christian statement of faith accepted in the Catholic Church, the Eastern Orthodox Church, Oriental Orthodoxy, the Assyrian, the Anglican Communion, Lutheranism, the Reformed
..... Click the link for more information.

The Church of Mary (Turkish: Meryem Kilisesi) is an ancient Christian cathedral dedicated to the Theotokos (the Virgin Mary), located in Ephesus, Turkey. It is also known as the Church of the Councils
..... Click the link for more information.

Editing of this page by unregistered or newly registered users is currently disabled due to vandalism.
If you are prevented from editing this page, and you wish to make a change, please discuss changes on the talk page, request unprotection, log in, or .
..... Click the link for more information.

5th century · 6th century
400s 410s 420s 430s 440s 450s 460s
428 429 430 431 432 433 434
..... Click the link for more information.

Theodosius I
Emperor of the Roman Empire

Coin featuring Theodosius I
Reign August 378 - 15 May 392 (emperor in the east, with Gratian and Valentinian II in the west);
15 May 392 - 17 January 395 (whole empire)
Full name
..... Click the link for more information.

Artemis (Greek: (nominative) Ἄρτεμις, (genitive) Ἀρτέμιδος
..... Click the link for more information.

Christ is the English term for the Greek word Χριστός (Christós), which literally means "The Anointed One.
..... Click the link for more information.

Nestorius, in Greek, Νεστόριος (c. 386–c. 451) was Archbishop of Constantinople from 10 April 428 to 22 June 431.
..... Click the link for more information.

Mary (Judeo-Aramaic: מרים, Maryām, from Hebrew Miriam), called since medieval times Madonna (My Lady), resident in Nazareth in Galilee, is known from the New Testament^[1]
..... Click the link for more information.

This article is copied from an article on Wikipedia.org - the free encyclopedia created and edited by online user community. The text was not checked or edited by anyone on our staff. Although the vast majority of the wikipedia encyclopedia articles provide accurate and timely information please do not assume the accuracy of any particular article. This article is distributed under the terms of GNU Free Documentation License.

Herod_Archelaus

iPedia Free Information Center

Third Ecumenical Council

Information about Third Ecumenical Council

External links