Information about Thin Film Memory
Thin film memory is a high-speed variation of core memory developed by Sperry Rand in a government-funded research project.
Instead of threading individual ferrite cores on wires, a thin film (4 millionths of an inch thick) of iron-nickel alloy (called permalloy) was deposited as small dots (using a mask) on small glass plates by vacuum evaporation techniques. The drive and sense lines were then added using printed circuit wiring over the alloy dots. This provided very fast access times in the range of 670 nanoseconds, but was very expensive to produce.
In 1962, the UNIVAC 1107, intended for the civilian marketplace, used thin film memory only for its 128-word general register stack. Military computers, where cost was less of a concern, used larger amounts of thin film memory. Thin-film was also used in a number of high-speed computer projects, including the high-end of the IBM System/360 line, but general advances in core tended to keep pace.
CRAM, or Card Random Access Memory
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Instead of threading individual ferrite cores on wires, a thin film (4 millionths of an inch thick) of iron-nickel alloy (called permalloy) was deposited as small dots (using a mask) on small glass plates by vacuum evaporation techniques. The drive and sense lines were then added using printed circuit wiring over the alloy dots. This provided very fast access times in the range of 670 nanoseconds, but was very expensive to produce.
In 1962, the UNIVAC 1107, intended for the civilian marketplace, used thin film memory only for its 128-word general register stack. Military computers, where cost was less of a concern, used larger amounts of thin film memory. Thin-film was also used in a number of high-speed computer projects, including the high-end of the IBM System/360 line, but general advances in core tended to keep pace.
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Magnetic storage media |
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Wire (1898) •
Tape (1928) •
Drum (1932) •
Ferrite core (1949) •
Hard disk (1956) •
Stripe card (1956)
MICR (1956) •
Thin film (1962) •
CRAM (1962)
Twistor (~1968) •
Floppy disk (1969) •
Bubble (~1970) •
MRAM (2003)
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Magnetic core memory, or ferrite-core memory, is an early form of computer memory. It uses small magnetic ceramic rings, the cores, to store information via the polarity of the magnetic field they contain.
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Ferrite may refer to:
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- Ferrite, iron or iron alloys with a body centred cubic crystal structure.
- Ferrite magnets (e.g. Fe3O4 or BaFe12O19), ferrimagnetic ceramic materials used in magnetic applications.
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3, 4, 6
(amphoteric oxide)
Electronegativity 1.83 (Pauling scale)
Ionization energies
(more) 1st: 762.5 kJmol−1
2nd: 1561.9 kJmol−1
3rd: 2957 kJmol−1
Atomic radius 140 pm
Atomic radius (calc.
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(amphoteric oxide)
Electronegativity 1.83 (Pauling scale)
Ionization energies
(more) 1st: 762.5 kJmol−1
2nd: 1561.9 kJmol−1
3rd: 2957 kJmol−1
Atomic radius 140 pm
Atomic radius (calc.
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2, 3
(mildly basic oxide)
Electronegativity 1.91 (Pauling scale)
Ionization energies
(more) 1st: 737.1 kJmol−1
2nd: 1753.0 kJmol−1
3rd: 3395 kJmol−1
Atomic radius 135 pm
Atomic radius (calc.
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(mildly basic oxide)
Electronegativity 1.91 (Pauling scale)
Ionization energies
(more) 1st: 737.1 kJmol−1
2nd: 1753.0 kJmol−1
3rd: 3395 kJmol−1
Atomic radius 135 pm
Atomic radius (calc.
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Permalloy is the term for a nickel iron magnetic alloy. Generically, it refers to an alloy with about 20% iron and 80% nickel content. Permalloy has a high magnetic permeability, low coercivity, near zero magnetostriction, and significant anisotropic magnetoresistance.
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Printed circuit may refer to:
Printed Circuit is the pseudonym for Claire Broadley, an artist from Leeds, Yorkshire who makes electronic pop music.
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- Printed circuit board
- Printed Circuit - a synthpop artist.
Printed Circuit is the pseudonym for Claire Broadley, an artist from Leeds, Yorkshire who makes electronic pop music.
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The UNIVAC 1107 was the first member of Sperry Rand's UNIVAC 1100 series of computers, introduced in October 1962. Also known as the Thin Film Computer because of its use of thin film memory for its register storage. Only 36 systems were sold.
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International Business Machines Corporation
Public (NYSE: IBM )
Founded 1889, incorporated 1911
Headquarters Armonk, New York, USA
Key people Samuel J.
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Public (NYSE: IBM )
Founded 1889, incorporated 1911
Headquarters Armonk, New York, USA
Key people Samuel J.
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System/360 Model 65 operator's console, with register value lamps and toggle switches (middle of picture) and "emergency pull" switch (upper right).]] The IBM System/360 (S/360) is a mainframe computer system family announced by IBM on April 7, 1964.
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Wire recording is a type of analogue audio storage in which the recording is made onto thin steel or stainless steel wire.
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History
The first wire recorder was the Valdemar Poulsen Telegraphone of the late 1890s, and wire recorders for law/office dictation and telephone..... Click the link for more information.
Magnetic tape is a medium for magnetic recording generally consisting of a thin magnetizable coating on a long and narrow strip of plastic. Nearly all recording tape is of this type, whether used for recording audio or video or for computer data storage.
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Drum memory was an early form of computer memory that was widely used in the 1950s and into the 1960s, invented by Gustav Tauschek in 1932 in Austria. For many machines, a drum
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Magnetic core memory, or ferrite-core memory, is an early form of computer memory. It uses small magnetic ceramic rings, the cores, to store information via the polarity of the magnetic field they contain.
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Hard disk drive
An IBM hard disk drive with the metal cover removed. The platters are highly reflective.
Date Invented: September 13 1956
Invented By: An IBM team led by Reynold Johnson
Connects to:
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An IBM hard disk drive with the metal cover removed. The platters are highly reflective.
Date Invented: September 13 1956
Invented By: An IBM team led by Reynold Johnson
Connects to:
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A magnetic stripe card is a type of card capable of storing data by modifying the magnetism of tiny iron-based magnetic particles on a band of magnetic material on the card.
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Magnetic Ink Character Recognition, or MICR, colloquially pronounced /ˈmɪkɚ/ or sometimes /ˈmaɪkɚ/
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CRAM is an acronym for Challenge-Response Authentication Mechanism
CRAM can mean chalcogenide random access memory (C-RAM)
CRAM, or Card Random Access Memory
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Twistor is a form of computer memory, similar to core memory, formed by wrapping magnetic tape around a current-carrying wire. Although the developers, Bell Labs, had high hopes for Twistor, it was used for only a brief time in the marketplace between about 1968 and the mid-1970s.
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Floppy Disk Drive
8 inch, 5 ¼ inch, and 3.5 inch drives
Date Invented: 1969 (8 inch), 1976 (5 ¼ inch), 1983 (3.5 inch)
Invented By: IBM team led by David Noble
Connects to:
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8 inch, 5 ¼ inch, and 3.5 inch drives
Date Invented: 1969 (8 inch), 1976 (5 ¼ inch), 1983 (3.5 inch)
Invented By: IBM team led by David Noble
Connects to:
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Bubble memory is a type of non-volatile computer memory that uses a thin film of a magnetic material to hold small magnetized areas, known as bubbles, which each store one bit of data.
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