Tempe, Arizona

Tempe (pronounced /tɛm.'piː/) is a city in Maricopa County, Arizona, USA, with a population of 169,712 according to 2006 Census Bureau estimates.^[1] Darrell Duppa is usually credited with suggesting the name, adopted in 1879, after comparing the Salt River valley near a 300-foot-tall butte, to the Vale of Tempe near Mount Olympus in Greece. Duppa also had the honor of giving name to Phoenix, 11 years earlier. Tempe is a major suburb of Phoenix and is located immediately southeast.

Tempe is the headquarters and executive office of US Airways (formerly America West Airlines) and the main campus of Arizona State University. It was the longtime host of the Fiesta Bowl, although the BCS game moved to University of Phoenix Stadium, located in Glendale, in 2007. On New Year's Eve, the city hosts the Insight Fiesta Bowl Block Party, one of the nation's largest New Year's Eve parties. The event typically has a national band heading a concert, along with several other local and national bands. It was also the site of one of the three Presidential debates in 2004 and Super Bowl XXX. Additionally, it is the spring training host city of the Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim.

The city is known in Pima as Oidbaḍ.

Geography

Tempe is located at (33.429484, -111.940164)^GR1.

Within Tempe are the Tempe Buttes. The Salt River runs west through the northern part of Tempe; part of the river is dammed in two places to create Tempe Town Lake.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the landlocked city has a total area of 104.1 km² (40.2 mi²). The city of Tempe is bordered by Mesa to the east, Scottsdale to the north, Phoenix and Guadalupe to the west, and Chandler to the south. 103.8 km² (40.1 mi²) of it is land and 0.3 km² (0.1 mi²) of it is water. The total area is 0.32% water including Tempe Town Lake.

Tempe is generally flat, except for Hayden Butte (sometimes called A-Mountain for Arizona State University's "A" logo located on its south face), located next to Sun Devil Stadium, Twin Buttes and Bell Butte on the western edge of Tempe, and Papago Park northwest of Tempe, inside Phoenix. Elevation ranges from 1140 feet at Tempe Town Lake to 1495 feet atop Hayden Butte.

History

Downtown Tempe from Hayden Butte.

The Hohokam initially lived in this area and built canals to support their agriculture.

Fort McDowell was established on the upper Salt River in 1865 allowing the safe establishment of communities further down the Salt River. Tempe was an amalgamation of two settlements 'Hayden's Ferry' and 'San Pablo' located west and east of Hayden Butte, respectively. The two settlements benefited from the Tempe Irrigating Canal Company which provided the water for alfalfa, wheat, barley, oats and cotton. In 1885, Arizona Territorial Legislature chose Tempe for the site of the Territorial Normal School, which became Arizona Normal School, Arizona State Teachers College, Arizona State College and finally Arizona State University

The Maricopa and Phoenix Railroad, built in 1887, crossed the Salt River at Tempe, linking the town to the nation's growing transportation system. The Tempe Land and Improvement Company was formed to sell lots in the booming town. Tempe became one of the most important business and shipping centers for the surrounding agricultural area.

The completion of Roosevelt Dam in 1911 guaranteed enough water to meet the growing needs of Valley farmers from the early 20th century to the present. On his way to dedicate the dam, former President Theodore Roosevelt applauded the accomplishments of the people of central Arizona and predicted that their towns would grow to become prosperous cities. Less than a year later, Arizona became the 48th state, and the Salt River Valley was well on its way to becoming the new population center of the Southwest.

Tempe has had 27 mayors since 1894.

Dates	Name
1894-1896	Fenn J. Hart
1896-1897	E.A. Murphy
1897-1902	John Knight
1902-1903	Samuel Brown
1903-1912	J.A. Dins
1912-1914	Joseph T. Birchner
1914-1916	George M. Frizzell
1916-1920	J.A. Dins
1920-1922	C.M. Woodward
1922-1924	Curt W. Miller
1924-1926	Garfield A. Goodwin
1926-1928	J.L. Felton
1928-1930	Hugh E. Laird
1930-1932	Thanks Anderson
1932-1934	F.E. Ostrander
1934-1937	Thanks Anderson
1937-1948	W.W. Cole
1948-1960	Hugh E. Laird
1960-1961	Clyde Gililland
1961-1962	Ross R. Rice
1962-1963	Bernard R. Caine
1963-1964	Harold Andrews
1964-1966	John C. Moeur
1966-1968	Rudy E. Campbell
1968-1970	Elmer Bradley
1970-1974	Dale R. Shumway
1974-1978	William J. LoPiano
1978-1994	Harry Mitchell
1994-2004	Neil Giuliano
2004-	Hugh Hallman

Current Tempe City Officials

Current Mayor: Hugh Hallman

Current Vice Mayor: Hut Hudson

Current City Manager: Will Manley

Current Chief of Police: Tom Ryff

Current Fire Chief: Cliff Jones

Current City Attorney: Andrew Ching

Current City Council Members: Ben Arredondo, Barbara Carter, Shana Ellis, Mark Mitchell, and Onnie Shekerjian

Demographics

As of the 2006 census estimate, there were 169,712 people, 63,602 households, and 33,645 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,528.8/km² (3,959.4/mi²). There were 67,068 housing units at an average density of 646.4/km² (1,674.1/mi²). The racial makeup of the city was 77.51% White, 3.66% Black or African American, 2.01% Native American, 4.75% Asian, 0.29% Pacific Islander, 8.49% from other races, and 3.30% from two or more races. 17.95% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 63,602 households out of which 24.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 38.4% were married couples living together, 9.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 47.1% were non-families. 28.5% of all households were made up of individuals and 4.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.41 and the average family size was 3.05.

In the city the population was spread out with 19.8% under the age of 18, 21.3% from 18 to 24, 33.2% from 25 to 44, 18.5% from 45 to 64, and 7.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 29 years. For every 100 females there were 106.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 107.1 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $42,361, and the median income for a family was $55,237. Males had a median income of $36,406 versus $28,605 for females. The per capita income for the city was $22,406. About 7.5% of families and 14.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 13.6% of those under age 18 and 5.1% of those age 65 or over. The reason for the high population poverty line is because there are a very large number of university students that live in Tempe, and does not reflect the overall income of the area.

Sports

Sun Devil Stadium

There are currently no major league professional team sports in Tempe. However since 1987, Sun Devil Stadium hosted the Arizona Cardinals until they moved to the University of Phoenix Stadium in Glendale in 2006. Many residents follow the teams in nearby Phoenix and Glendale. (For more information, read the sports section on the Phoenix page)

The Arizona State University Sun Devils compete in football, basketball, baseball, as well as a number of other sports in the Pac-10 Conference of the NCAA. The Sun Devils football team plays their games at Sun Devil Stadium, which had hosted the annual Fiesta Bowl, until the 2007 game moved to the new University of Phoenix Stadium in Glendale. Their nearest rival is the University of Arizona Wildcats, in Tucson. The two teams compete in the "Duel in the Desert" for control of the Territorial Cup.

The city also hosts the Insight Bowl at Sun Devil Stadium (since 2006).

Transportation

Mill Avenue Bridges over Tempe Town Lake at dusk.

Tempe is the most densely-populated city in the state and serves as a crossroads for its largest communities due to its location. Freeways make up the major transportation system for the Valley. Included in the system surrounding Tempe are the Interstate 10 near the western edge, the Loop 202 crossing the northern side, the Loop 101 following the eastern border, and the U.S. Route 60 running east-west through the geographic center of the city. Valley Metro operates bus routes and is building a light rail system that will serve Downtown Tempe and Arizona State University, providing service to Phoenix and Mesa when the initial segment opens in 2008. The City of Tempe also operates several free shuttles near Arizona State University. Greyhound Lines operated intercity bus service to the Tempe Transit Center by ASU, but left in 2006 (since the Phoenix Greyhound station is only fifteen minutes away by Valley Metro's Red Line). In 2007 non-stop service to Los Angeles from the Tempe Transit Center was revived by Megabus. Amtrak's Sunset Limited formerly served the downtown depot but now stops only at Maricopa some thirty miles south with no connecting bus. Phoenix Sky Harbor International Airport, located 2 miles northwest of Tempe, provides extensive air service to points throughout North America and to London, England, and various cities in Hawaii.

Education

Tempe is served by a variety of school districts.

Most of Tempe is served by the Tempe Elementary School District and the Tempe Union High School District.

Other portions are served by:

Kyrene School District (K-8)
Scottsdale Unified School District (K-12)
Mesa Public Schools (K-12)

Tempe is also home to one of the state's three major universities, Arizona State University, as well as the Maricopa County Community College District.

Sister cities

Tempe has seven sister cities, as designated by Sister Cities International, Inc. (SCI):

Beaulieu-sur-Mer, France

Carlow, Carlow, Ireland

Lower Hutt, New Zealand

Regensburg, Germany

Skopje, Macedonia

Zhenjiang, China

Timbuktu, Mali

Tempe has had a Sister City with Skopje, Macedonia, since 1971. The newest sister city is Carlow, Ireland, in 1998. Tempe has been voted "Best Overall Sister City Program" in 1998 and 2004. Each year, 28 candidates are given the opportunity to travel to one of the sister cities. Candidates undergo a rigorous interview process to travel to one of these countries completely free of charge. The Tempe Sister Cities Corporation is one made up of volunteers, and is one of the few Sister Cities programs in the United States that pays the full travel expenses for the trip.

References

1. ^ Table 1: Annual Estimates of the Population for Incorporated Places Over 100,000, Ranked by July 1, 2006 Population: April 1, 2000 to July 1, 2006 (CSV). 2005 Population Estimates. United States Census Bureau, Population Division (2007-06-28). Retrieved on 2007-06-28.

External links

Official City Website
Official Tempe Sister Cities Website
Official Tempe Convention & Visitors Bureau Website
* Maps and aerial photos for Coordinates:
Maps from , Google Maps, Live Search Maps, Yahoo! Maps, or MapQuest
Topographic maps from TopoZone or TerraServer-USA

	• • [ e] Municipalities and communities of Maricopa County, Arizona County seat: Phoenix
Cities	Apache Junction \| Avondale \| Chandler \| El Mirage \| Glendale \| Goodyear \| Litchfield Park \| Mesa \| Peoria \| Phoenix \| Scottsdale \| Surprise \| Tempe \| Tolleson
Towns	Buckeye \| Carefree \| Cave Creek \| Fountain Hills \| Gila Bend \| Gilbert \| Guadalupe \| Paradise Valley \| Queen Creek \| Wickenburg \| Youngtown
CDPs	New River \| Rio Verde \| Sun City \| Sun City West \| Sun Lakes
Communities	Aguila \| Anthem \| Arlington \| Circle City \| Higley \| Komatke \| Laveen \| Liberty \| Mobile \| Morristown \| Palo Verde \| Tortilla Flat \| Waddell \| Wintersburg \| Wittmann

• • [ e] Metropolitan area of Phoenix, Arizona, the Valley of the Sun
Largest suburbs (over 100,000 inhabitants)	Chandler • Gilbert • Glendale • Mesa • Peoria • Scottsdale • Surprise • Tempe
Other suburbs and towns (over 10,000 inhabitants)	Anthem • Apache Junction • Avondale • Buckeye • Casa Grande • El Mirage • Eloy • Florence • Fountain Hills • Goodyear • Gold Camp • Luke Air Force Base • Maricopa • New River • Paradise Valley • Queen Creek • Sun City • Sun City West • Sun Lakes
Smaller suburbs and towns (over 5,000 inhabitants)	Black Canyon City • Carefree • Cave Creek • Coolidge • Gila Bend • Guadalupe • Litchfield Park • Superior • Tolleson • Wickenburg • Youngtown
Counties	Maricopa • Pinal • Yavapai

	• • [ e] State of Arizona Phoenix (capital)
Topics	Climate
Regions	Arizona Strip \| Coconino Plateau \| Colorado Plateau \| Grand Canyon \| Kaibab Plateau \| Mogollon Plateau \| Mogollon Rim \| Mojave Desert \| Monument Valley \| North Central Arizona \| Northeast Arizona \| Northern Arizona \| Oak Creek Canyon \| Phoenix Metropolitan Area \| San Francisco Volcanic Field \| Sonoran Desert \| Southern Arizona \| Verde Valley \| White Mountains
Counties	Apache \| Cochise \| Coconino \| Gila \| Graham \| Greenlee \| La Paz \| Maricopa \| Mohave \| Navajo \| Pima \| Pinal \| Santa Cruz \| Yavapai \| Yuma
Cities	Chandler \| Flagstaff \| Gilbert \| Glendale \| Lake Havasu City \| Mesa \| Peoria \| Phoenix \| Prescott \| Scottsdale \| Tempe \| Tucson \| Yuma

Location Arizona

Lake type artificial lake
Primary sources Colorado River Water (CAP)
Primary outflows Salt River

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Tempe, Arizona

Information about Tempe, Arizona

Geography

History

Current Tempe City Officials

Demographics

Sports

Transportation

Education

Sister cities

References

External links

Events

Units

Biological population densities