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Information about Sputnik 3

Sputnik III
Sputnik 3

Organization:Soviet Union
Major contractors:Korolev Design Bureau
Mission type:Earth Science
[ edit]
Instruments
Upper Atmosphere :Composition of the upper atmosphere
Geiger counters :Charged particles
Micrometeoroid detectors :Micrometeoroids
Sputnik 3 (Russian: Спутник-3, Satellite 3) was a Soviet satellite launched on May 15, 1958 from Baikonur cosmodrome by a modified R-7/SS-6 ICBM. It was a research satellite to explore the upper atmosphere and the near space. Due to a hardware failure of its tape recorder, the satellite failed to detect the Van Allen radiation belt.

In July 1956, the Soviet Union's OKB-1 drafted a project to design and build the first Earth satellite, designated ISZ (Artificial Earth Satellite). Sputnik 3 was planned to be the first satellite launched by the Soviet Union. The new R-7 intercontinental ballistic missile was ready to launch before Sputnik 3 was ready. The Sputnik 3 completion date kept slipping and Sergei Korolev substituted the relatively simple Sputnik 1 as the first satellite to be launched, instead. The Sputnik 2 was also ready earlier and launched earlier than Sputnik 3. Korolev was concerned that if he waited for Sputnik 3 to be ready, the United States would be the first to launch an artificial satellite.

Sputnik 3 was an automatic scientific laboratory spacecraft. It was conically shaped and was 3.57 m long and 1.73 m wide at its base. It weighed 1,327 kg. The scientific instrumentation (twelve instruments) provided data on pressure and composition of the upper atmosphere, concentration of charged particles, photons in cosmic rays, heavy nuclei in cosmic rays, magnetic and electrostatic fields, and meteoric particles. The outer radiation belts of the Earth were detected during the flight. Its tape recorder failed, so it could not map the Van Allen radiation belt. The spacecraft remained in orbit until April 6, 1960, when the orbit degraded from drag in upper atmosphere to the point causing the satellite to enter the atmosphere.

See also

External links

Preceded by
Sputnik 2		Sputnik programSucceeded by
Sputnik 4
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (abbreviated USSR, Russian: (help info ) ; tr.
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S.P. Korolev Rocket and Space Corporation Energia (Russian: Ракетно-космическая
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Earth science (also known as geoscience, the geosciences or the Earth Sciences), is an all-embracing term for the sciences related to the planet Earth. It is arguably a special case in planetary science, the Earth being the only known life-bearing planet.
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Russian}}} 
Writing system: Cyrillic (Russian variant)  
Official status
Official language of:  Abkhazia (Georgia)
 Belarus
 Commonwealth of Independent States (working)
 Crimea (de facto; Ukraine)
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Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (abbreviated USSR, Russian: (help info ) ; tr.
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May 15 is the 1st day of the year (2nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 0 days remaining.

Events

  • 1252 - Pope Innocent IV issues the papal bull ad exstirpanda

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19th century - 20th century - 21st century
1920s  1930s  1940s  - 1950s -  1960s  1970s  1980s
1955 1956 1957 - 1958 - 1959 1960 1961

Year 1958 (MCMLVIII
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Baikonur (Kazakh: Байқоңыр; Russian: Байконур), formerly known as Leninsk, is a city in Qyzylorda Province of Kazakhstan rented and administered by Russia.
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R-7 Semyorka (Russian: Р-7 "Семёрка") was the world's first intercontinental ballistic missile and was deployed by the Soviet Union during the Cold War from 1959 to 1968.
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Near Space is the region of Earth's atmosphere that lies between 65,000 and 325,00-350,000 feet (20 to 100km) above sea level, above where a commercial airliner flies but below the realm of an orbiting satellite.
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The Van Allen Radiation Belt is a torus of energetic charged particles (plasma) around Earth, held in place by Earth's magnetic field. The Van Allen belts are closely related to the polar aurora where particles strike the upper atmosphere and fluoresce.
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S.P. Korolev Rocket and Space Corporation Energia (Russian: Ракетно-космическая
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R-7 Semyorka (Russian: Р-7 "Семёрка") was the world's first intercontinental ballistic missile and was deployed by the Soviet Union during the Cold War from 1959 to 1968.
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intercontinental ballistic missile, or ICBM, is a long-range (greater than 5,500 km or 3,500 miles) ballistic missile typically designed for nuclear weapons delivery, that is, delivering one or more nuclear warheads.
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Sergey Pavlovich Korolyov[1] (Ukrainian: Сергій Павлович Корольов; Russian:
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Sputnik 1 (Russian: "Спутник-1", "Satellite-1", or literally "Co-traveler-1" byname ПС-1 (PS-1, i.e.
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Dog Laika: Biological data
Geiger counters : Charged particles
Spectrophotometers: Solar radiation (ultraviolet and
x-ray emissions) and cosmic rays Sputnik 2 (Russian:
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Earth's atmosphere is a layer of gases surrounding the planet Earth and retained by the Earth's gravity. It contains roughly (by molar content/volume) 78% nitrogen, 20.95% oxygen, 0.93% argon, 0.
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In physics, a charged particle is a particle with an electric charge. It may be either a subatomic particle or an ion. A collection of charged particles, or even a gas containing a proportion of charged particles, is called a plasma, which is called the
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Photon

Photons emitted in a coherent beam from a laser
Composition: Elementary particle
Family: Boson
Group: Gauge boson
Interaction: Electromagnetic
Theorized: Albert Einstein (1905–17)
Symbol: or
Mass: 0[1]
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Cosmic rays are energetic particles originating from space that impinge on Earth's atmosphere. Almost 90% of all the incoming cosmic ray particles are protons, about 9% are helium nuclei (alpha particles) and about 1% are electrons.
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The nucleus of an atom is the very small dense region of an atom, in its center consisting of nucleons (protons and neutrons). The size (diameter) of the nucleus is in the range of 1.
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magnetic field is a field that permeates space and which exerts a magnetic force on moving electric charges and magnetic dipoles. Magnetic fields surround electric currents, magnetic dipoles, and changing electric fields.
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electric field. This electric field exerts a force on other electrically charged objects. The concept of electric field was introduced by Michael Faraday.

The electric field is a vector field with SI units of newtons per coulomb (N C−1
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METEOR (Metric for Evaluation of Translation with Explicit ORdering) is a metric for the evaluation of machine translation output. The metric is based on the harmonic mean of unigram precision and recall, with recall weighted higher than precision.
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The Van Allen Radiation Belt is a torus of energetic charged particles (plasma) around Earth, held in place by Earth's magnetic field. The Van Allen belts are closely related to the polar aurora where particles strike the upper atmosphere and fluoresce.
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April 6 is the 1st day of the year (2nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 0 days remaining.

Events

  • 648 BC - Earliest solar eclipse recorded by the Ancient Greeks.

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19th century - 20th century - 21st century
1930s  1940s  1950s  - 1960s -  1970s  1980s  1990s
1957 1958 1959 - 1960 - 1961 1962 1963

Year 1960 (MCMLX
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Sputnik program was a series of unmanned space missions launched by the Soviet Union in late 1957 to demonstrate the viability of artificial satellites for exploring the upper atmosphere as part of the International Geophysical Year.
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R-7 Semyorka (Russian: Р-7 "Семёрка") was the world's first intercontinental ballistic missile and was deployed by the Soviet Union during the Cold War from 1959 to 1968.
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