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Information about Samnites

Latin War
Latin league - Samnium - Battle of Vesuvius - Battle of Trifanum


Samnium (Oscan Safinim) was a region of the south central Apennines in Italy that was home to the Samnites, a group of Sabellic tribes that controlled the area from about 600 BC to about 290 BC. Samnium was delimited by Latium in the north, by Lucania in the south, by Campania in the west and by Apulia in the east. The principal cities of the region were Bovaiamom, renamed Bovianum by Latins (today: Bojano) and Malventum (Maloenton in Oscan), which was later renamed Beneventum by the Romans (today: Benevento). For most of their history the Samnites were landlocked, but during a brief period they controlled parts of both coasts of the Italian peninsula. The Samnites were composed of at least four tribes: the Pentri (the most important tribe, capital: Bovianum), the Caraceni (principal cities: Cluviae, the modern Casoli, and Juvanum, the ruins of which are spread between Torricella Peligna and Montenerodomo), the Caudini (capital: Caudium, today Montesarchio) and the Hirpini (Oscan for wolf; capital Beneventum), and later may have been joined by the Frentani (capital Larinum, the modern Larino). The federal capital of the federal League they formed was Bovianum, except for a short period between the 4th and 3rd centuries BC, in which it was Aquilonia, destroyed by Romans in 293 BC, whose location is today unknown. The earliest written record of the people is a treaty with the Romans from 354 BC, which set their border at the Liris River. Shortly thereafter the Samnite Wars broke out; they won an important battle against the Roman army in 321 BC, and their empire reached its peak in 316 BC after further gains from the Romans. In 290 BC, the Romans finally broke the Samnites' power. In 82 BC, the Roman dictator Lucius Cornelius Sulla slaughtered many of them and forced the rest to disperse. So great was the destruction that it was recorded that "the towns of Samnium have become villages, and many have vanished altogether."

Rulers of the Samnites

Uprising against Sulla

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Latin War (340-338 BC) was a conflict between the Roman Republic and its neighbors the Latin peoples of ancient Italy. It resulted in a Roman victory, a dissolution of the Latin league, and incorporation of former Latin League territory into the Roman sphere of influence, with the
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The Latin League (c. 7th century BC - 338 BC)[1] was a confederation of about 30 villages and tribes in the province of Latium near ancient Rome organized for mutual defense.
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Battle of Vesuvius was fought in 339 BC, during the Latin War between the Roman Republic and the Latin peoples of ancient Italy. It took place near Mount Vesuvius, and saw the victory of the Roman army, commanded by consuls Publius Decius Mus and Titus Manlius Imperiosus, over the Latins.
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Battle of Trifanum was fought in 338 BC between the Roman Republic and the Latins. The Roman force was led by Manlius Imperiosus, and they were victorious.
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Oscan, the language of the Osci, is in the Sabellic branch of the Italic language family, which is a branch of Indo-European that also includes Umbrian, Latin, and Faliscan. It was spoken in Samnium and in Campania, as well as in Lucania, Ager Bruttius, and Abruzzo.
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Apennine Mountains (Greek: Απεννινος; Latin: Appenninus--in both cases used in the singular; Italian: Appennini
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Anthem
Il Canto degli Italiani
(also known as Fratelli d'Italia)


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The Osco-Umbrian languages or Sabellic languages are a group of languages that belong to the Italic language family of the Indo-European languages. They were spoken in central and southern Italy before Latin replaced them as the power of the Romans expanded.
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7th century BC - 6th century BC

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609 BC 608 BC 607 BC 606 BC 605 BC
604 BC 603 BC 602 BC 601 BC 600 BC

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3rd century BC - 2nd century BC
320s BC  310s BC  300s BC - 290s BC - 280s BC  270s BC  260s BC 
293 BC 292 BC 291 BC - 290 BC - 289 BC 288 BC 287 BC

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Latium was a region of ancient Italy, home to the original Latin people. Its area is now part of the (much larger) modern Italian Regione of Lazio, also called Latium in Latin and also occasionally so in modern English.
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Lucania was an ancient district of southern Italy, extending from the Tyrrhenian Sea to the Gulf of Taranto. To the north it adjoined Campania, Samnium and Apulia, and to the south it was separated by a narrow isthmus from the district of Bruttium.
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Regione Campania


Map highlighting the location of Campania in Italy

Capital Naples
President Antonio Bassolino
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Provinces Avellino
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Naples
Salerno
Comuni 551
Area 13,595 km
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Regione Puglia


Map highlighting the location of Puglia in Italy

Capital Bari
President Nichi Vendola
(PRC-Union)
Provinces Bari
Brindisi
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Lecce
Taranto
Comuni 258
Area 19,366 km
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Country Italy
Region Molise
Province Campobasso (CB)
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For other uses, see Latin (disambiguation).


The Latins were an ancient Italic people who migrated to central Italy, (Latium Vetus - Old Latium), in the 2nd millennium B.C.
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Country Italy
Region Molise
Province Campobasso (CB)
Mayor

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Country Italy
Region Campania
Province Benevento (BN)
Mayor Fausto Pepe (since May 30, 2006)

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Oscan, the language of the Osci, is in the Sabellic branch of the Italic language family, which is a branch of Indo-European that also includes Umbrian, Latin, and Faliscan. It was spoken in Samnium and in Campania, as well as in Lucania, Ager Bruttius, and Abruzzo.
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Country Italy
Region Campania
Province Benevento (BN)
Mayor Fausto Pepe (since May 30, 2006)

Area km
Population
 - Total (as of December 31, 2004)
 - Density /km

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Ancient Rome was a civilization that grew from a small agricultural community founded on the Italian Peninsula circa the 9th century BC to a massive empire straddling the Mediterranean Sea.
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Country Italy
Region Campania
Province Benevento (BN)
Mayor Fausto Pepe (since May 30, 2006)

Area km
Population
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The Pentri (Greek: Πέντροι) were a tribe of the Samnites, and apparently one of the most important of the subdivisions of that nation. Their capital city was Bovianum (Livy ix.
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Country Italy
Region Molise
Province Campobasso (CB)
Mayor

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Time zone CET, UTC+1
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The Caraceni or Caricini or Carricini (Greek: Καρακηνοὶ or Καρίκινοι) were a tribe of the Samnites.
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Country Italy
Region Abruzzo
Province Province of Chieti (CH)
Mayor Sergio De Luca

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Juvanum or Jovanum was one of the chief cities of the Caraceni, a tribe of Samnites, the ruins of which are located in the communes of Montenerodomo and Torricella Peligna, in province of Chieti, region of Abruzzo, Italy.
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Torricella Peligna is a comune and town in the Province of Chieti in the Abruzzo region of Italy

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  • Torricella Peligna: its people, culture, genealogy


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Montenerodomo is a comune and town in the Province of Chieti in the Abruzzo region of Italy


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The Caudini were a Samnite tribe that lived among the mountains ringing Campania and in the valleys of the Isclero and Volturnus rivers. Their capital was at Caudium, but it seems certain that the appellation was not confined to the citizens of Caudium and its immediate territory.
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