Information about Power Conversion
Power conversion is the process of converting power from one form into another. This could include electromechanical or electrochemical processes.
In electrical engineering, power conversion has a more specific meaning, namely converting electric power from one form to another. This could be as simple as a transformer to change the voltage of AC power, but also includes far more complex systems. The term can also refer to a class of electrical machinery that is used to convert one frequency of electrical power into another frequency.
Power conversion systems often incorporate redundancy and voltage regulation.
One way of classifying power conversion systems is according to whether the input and output are alternating current (AC) or direct current (DC), thus:
The standard power in the U.S. is usually 60 hertz (Hz), but in much of Europe, and other parts of the world, the standard is 50 Hz, and thus factories that want to manufacture products in one region for export to the other need a frequency converter that converts one frequency to the other.
Another application is in the aerospace and airline industries. Often airplanes use 400 Hz power so 50 Hz or 60 Hz to 400 Hz frequency conversion is needed for use in the ground power unit used to power the airplane while it is on the ground.
Certain specialized circuits, such as the flyback transformer for a CRT, can also be considered power converters.
When electric current flows in a circuit with resistance, it does work.
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When electric current flows in a circuit with resistance, it does work.
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In electrical engineering, power conversion has a more specific meaning, namely converting electric power from one form to another. This could be as simple as a transformer to change the voltage of AC power, but also includes far more complex systems. The term can also refer to a class of electrical machinery that is used to convert one frequency of electrical power into another frequency.
Power conversion systems often incorporate redundancy and voltage regulation.
One way of classifying power conversion systems is according to whether the input and output are alternating current (AC) or direct current (DC), thus:
- DC to DC
- DC to DC converter
- Voltage stabiliser
- Linear regulator
- AC to DC
- Rectifier
- Mains power supply unit (PSU)
- Switched-mode power supply
- DC to AC
- Inverter
- AC to AC
- Transformer/autotransformer
- Voltage regulator
- Cycloconverter
The standard power in the U.S. is usually 60 hertz (Hz), but in much of Europe, and other parts of the world, the standard is 50 Hz, and thus factories that want to manufacture products in one region for export to the other need a frequency converter that converts one frequency to the other.
Another application is in the aerospace and airline industries. Often airplanes use 400 Hz power so 50 Hz or 60 Hz to 400 Hz frequency conversion is needed for use in the ground power unit used to power the airplane while it is on the ground.
Certain specialized circuits, such as the flyback transformer for a CRT, can also be considered power converters.
See also
References
- Abraham I. Pressman (1997). Switching Power Supply Design. McGraw-Hill. ISBN 0-07-052236-7.
- Ned Mohan, Tore M. Undeland, William P. Robbins (2002). Power Electronics : Converters, Applications, and Design. Wiley. ISBN 0-471-22693-9.
- Fang Lin Luo, Hong Ye, Muhammad H. Rashid (2005). Power Digital Power Electronics and Applications. Elsevier. ISBN 0-12-088757-6.
- Fang Lin Luo, Hong Ye (2004). Advanced DC/DC Converters. CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-1956-0.
- Mingliang Liu (2006). Demystifying Switched-Capacitor Circuits. Elsevier. ISBN 0-7506-7907-7.
External links
- http://www.powerdesigners.com/InfoWeb/design_center/articles/DC-DC/converter.shtm. A general description of DC-DC converters.
- Switching Power Supplies Design, PSpice Simulation
- U.S. based 50 Hz, 60 Hz and 400 Hz frequency converter manufacturer
In physics, power (symbol: P) is the rate at which work is performed or energy is transmitted, or the amount of energy required or expended for a given unit of time.
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In engineering, electromechanics combines the sciences of electromagnetism of electrical engineering and mechanics. Mechatronics is the discipline of engineering that combines mechanics, electronics and information technology (software engineering).
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Electrochemistry is a branch of chemistry that studies the reactions which take place at the interface of an electronic conductor (the electrode composed of a metal or a semiconductor, including graphite) and an ionic conductor (the electrolyte).
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Electrical engineering (sometimes referred to as electrical and electronic engineering) is an engineering field that deals with the study and/or application of electricity, electronics and electromagnetism.
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For delivered electrical power, see .
Electric power is defined as the rate at which electrical energy is transferred by an electric circuit. The SI unit of power is the watt.When electric current flows in a circuit with resistance, it does work.
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transformer is a device that transfers electrical energy from one circuit to another through inductively coupled wires. A changing current in the first circuit (the primary
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Voltage (sometimes also called electric potential difference or electrical tension) is the potential similarity of electrical potential between two points of an electrical or electronic circuit, expressed in volts.
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alternating current (AC) is an electrical current whose magnitude and direction vary cyclically, as opposed to direct current, whose direction remains constant. The usual waveform of an AC power circuit is a sine wave, as this results in the most efficient transmission of
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For delivered electrical power, see .
Electric power is defined as the rate at which electrical energy is transferred by an electric circuit. The SI unit of power is the watt.When electric current flows in a circuit with resistance, it does work.
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Redundancy in engineering is the duplication of critical s of a system with the intention of increasing reliability of the system, usually in the case of a backup or fail-safe.
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In electrical engineering, particularly power engineering, voltage regulation is the ability of a system to provide near constant voltage over a wide range of load conditions.
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alternating current (AC) is an electrical current whose magnitude and direction vary cyclically, as opposed to direct current, whose direction remains constant. The usual waveform of an AC power circuit is a sine wave, as this results in the most efficient transmission of
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Direct current (DC or "continuous current") is the constant flow of electric charge. This is typically in a conductor such as a wire, but can also be through semiconductors, insulators, or even through a vacuum as in electron or ion beams.
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In electronic engineering, a DC to DC converter is a circuit which converts a source of direct current (DC) from one voltage level to another. It is a class of power converter.
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A voltage stabilizer is an electronic device able to deliver relatively constant output voltage when input voltage and load current changes over time.
The output voltage is usually regulated using a transistor.
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The output voltage is usually regulated using a transistor.
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In electronics, a linear regulator is a voltage regulator based on an active device (such as a bipolar junction transistor, field effect transistor or vacuum tube) operating in its "linear region" (in contrast, a switching regulator is based on a transistor forced to act as an
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rectifier is an electrical device that converts alternating current to direct current, a process known as rectification. Rectifiers are used as components of power supplies and as detectors of radio signals.
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power supply (sometimes called a power supply unit or PSU) is a device or system that supplies electrical or other types of energy to an output load or group of loads.
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switched-mode power supply, switching-mode power supply or SMPS, is an electronic power supply unit (PSU) that incorporates a switching regulator. While a linear regulator uses a transistor biased in its active region to specify an output voltage, an SMPS actively
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inverter is an electronic circuit that converts direct current (DC) to alternating current (AC). Inverters are used in a wide range of applications, from small switching power supplies in computers, to large electric utility applications that transport bulk power.
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transformer is a device that transfers electrical energy from one circuit to another through inductively coupled wires. A changing current in the first circuit (the primary
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An autotransformer is an electrical transformer with only one winding. The winding has at least three electrical connection points called taps. The voltage source is applied to two taps and the load is connected to two taps one of which is usually a common
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voltage regulator is an electrical regulator designed to automatically maintain a constant voltage level.
It may use an electromechanical mechanism, or passive or active electronic components. Depending on the design, it may be used to regulate one or more AC or DC voltages.
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It may use an electromechanical mechanism, or passive or active electronic components. Depending on the design, it may be used to regulate one or more AC or DC voltages.
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A cycloconverter or a cycloinverter converts an AC waveform, such as the mains supply, to another AC waveform of a lower or higher frequency. They are most commonly used in three phase applications — while single phase cycloconverters are possible, they are so
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hertz (symbol: Hz) is the SI unit of frequency. Its base unit is cycle/s or s-1 (also called inverse seconds, reciprocal seconds). In English, hertz is used as both singular and plural.
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A flyback or line output transformer (FBT or LOPT) is a type of transformer used in the power supply of a cathode ray tube that generates the high voltage needed to drive a CRT type monitor.
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1. Electron guns 2. Electron beams 3. Focusing coils 4. Deflection coils 5. Anode connection 6. Mask for separating beams for red, green, and blue part of displayed image 7.
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A Cascade Converter is a type of motor-generator which was patented in 1902 by J. L. la Cour and O. S. Bragstad.
It consists of an induction motor driving a dynamo through a shaft.
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It consists of an induction motor driving a dynamo through a shaft.
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motor-generator (an M-G set or a dynamotor for dynamo-motor) is a device for converting electrical power to another form. In some contexts, the other form is mechanical energy; in other contexts, it is a different form of electricity.
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Three-phase electric power is a common method of electric power transmission. It is a type of polyphase system mainly used to power motors and many other devices. A three-phase system uses less conductor material to transmit electric power than equivalent single-phase, two-phase,
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