Postgis

Information about Postgis

PostGIS
Developer:	Refractions Research
Latest release:	1.3.1 / August 13, 2007
OS:	GNU/Linux, MS-Windows, Mac OS X, POSIX compliant systems
Genre:	Geographic information system
License:	GPL
Website:	[1]

PostGIS (/post'-jis/) is an open source geographic information system software program that adds support for geographic objects to the PostgreSQL object-relational database. PostGIS follows the Simple Features for SQL specification from the Open Geospatial Consortium. As such, PostGIS includes:

Geometry types for points, linestrings, polygons, multipoints, multilinestrings, multipolygons and geometrycollections.
Spatial predicates for determining the interactions of geometries using the 3x3 Egenhofer matrix.
Spatial operators for determining geospatial measurements like area, distance, length and perimeter.
Spatial operators for determining geospatial set operations, like union, difference, symmetric difference and buffers.
R-tree spatial indexes for high speed spatial querying.
Index selectivity support, to provide high performance query plans for mixed spatial/non-spatial queries.

The PostGIS implementation is based on "light-weight" geometries and indexes optimized to reduce disk and memory footprint. Using light-weight geometries helps servers increase the amount of data migrated up from physical disk storage into RAM, improving query performance substantially.

The first version was released in 2001 by Refractions Research under the GNU General Public License, and development has continued since then actively. In 2006, PostGIS was certified as a compliant Simple Features for SQL database by the Open Geospatial Consortium.

There are a large number of software products that can use PostGIS as a database backend, including:

External links

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geographic information system (GIS) (also known as geographical information system, particularly in the UK, and geomatics in Canada) is a system for capturing, storing, analyzing and managing data and associated attributes which are spatially referenced to the
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Simple Features are an OpenGIS standard which specifies digital storage of geographical data (point, line, polygon, multi-point, multi-line, etc) with both spatial and non-spatial attributes. Simple Features are based on 2D geometry with linear interpolation between vertices.
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R-trees are tree data structures that are similar to B-trees, but are used for spatial access methods i.e., for indexing multi-dimensional information; for example, the (X, Y) coordinates of geographical data.
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Quantum GIS (often abbreviated to QGIS) is an open source GIS (mapping) application which is similar to commercial mapping packages. Because it is distributed as an opensource application under the GNU distribution license, Quantum GIS can be reprogrammed to perform different or
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uDig is an open source GIS software program produced by a community led by Canadian-based company Refractions Research. It is based around the Eclipse platform and features full layered Open Source GIS. It is written in Java and released under GNU Lesser General Public License.
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TerraLib is an open source GIS software library that extends object-relational DBMS technology to handle spatiotemporal data types. The library supports different DBMS, including MySQL, PostgreSQL, and Oracle.
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TerraView is an GIS application built on the TerraLib GIS library. TerraView handles vector data (polygons, lines, points) and raster data (grids and images), both of them stored in a relational or geo-relational database, including ACCESS, PostgreSQL, MySQL and Oracle Spatial.
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