iPedia Free Information Center

Information about Pharyngeal Plexus

Nerve:
Muscles of the pharynx, viewed from behind, together with the associated vessels and nerves. (Pharyngeal plexus visible but not labeled.)
Latinplexus pharyngeus
subject #204 909
Dorlands/Elsevier p_24/12648279
The pharyngeal plexus is a network of nerve fibers supplied by the pharyngeal branch of vagus nerve joining with branches from the pharyngeal branches of glossopharyngeal nerve, sympathetic fibers, and the external laryngeal nerve.

It is located on the surface of the middle pharyngeal constrictor muscle.[1]

Sensory innervation

The pharyngeal plexus provides sensory innervation of the oropharynx and laryngopharynx from CN IX and CN X. (The nasopharynx is innervated by CN V2)

Motor innervation

The pharyngeal plexus, with fibers from CN IX, CN X, and cranial part of CN XI, innervates all the muscles of the pharynx (except stylopharyngeus, which is innervated directly by a branch of CN IX).

This includes the muscles levator veli palatini, palatoglossus, and musculus uvulae, the pharyngeal constrictors, plus others.

See also

References



 •  • [ e]
Nerves of head and neck: the cranial nerves
I-IVolfactory • optic • oculomotor (superior branch, inferior branch) • trochlear
V: trigeminaltrigeminal ganglion • ophthalmic • maxillary • mandibular
VI: abducensno significant branches
VII: facialnervus intermedius • geniculate • inside facial canal (greater petrosal, nerve to the stapedius, chorda tympani) • at exit from stylomastoid foramen (posterior auricular, digastric • stylohyoid) • on face (temporal, zygomatic, buccal, mandibular, cervical)
VIII: vestibulocochlearcochlear (striae medullares, lateral lemniscus) • vestibular (Scarpa's ganglion)
IX: glossopharyngealnucleus ambiguus • ganglia (superior, petrous) • tympanic (tympanic plexus, lesser petrosal) • carotid sinus • pharyngeal branches • pharyngeal plexus
X: vagusganglia (jugular, nodose) • Alderman's nerve • in the neck (pharyngeal branch, superior laryngeal ext and int, recurrent laryngeal) • in the thorax (pulmonary branches, esophageal plexus) • in the abdomen (gastric plexuses, celiac plexus, gastric plexus)
XI-XIIaccessory • hypoglossal
Latin}}} 
Official status
Official language of: Vatican City
Used for official purposes, but not spoken in everyday speech
Regulated by: Opus Fundatum Latinitas
Roman Catholic Church
Language codes
ISO 639-1: la
ISO 639-2: lat
..... Click the link for more information.
Elsevier, the world's largest publisher of medical and scientific literature, forms part of the Reed Elsevier group. Based in Amsterdam, the company has substantial operations in the UK, USA and elsewhere.
..... Click the link for more information.
The pharyngeal branch of the vagus nerve, the principal motor nerve of the pharynx, arises from the upper part of the ganglion nodosum, and consists principally of filaments from the cranial portion of the accessory nerve.
..... Click the link for more information.
The pharyngeal branches of the glossopharyngeal nerve are three or four filaments which unite, opposite the Constrictor pharyngis medius, with the pharyngeal branches of the vagus and sympathetic, to form the pharyngeal plexus.
..... Click the link for more information.
autonomic nervous system (ANS) (or visceral nervous system) is the part of the peripheral nervous system that acts as a control system, maintaining homeostasis in the body. These maintenance activities are primarily performed without conscious control or sensation.
..... Click the link for more information.
The external laryngeal nerve is the smaller, external branch (ramus externus) of the superior laryngeal nerve. It descends on the larynx, beneath the sternothyroid muscle, to supply the cricothyroid muscle.
..... Click the link for more information.
The middle pharyngeal constrictor is a fanshaped muscle, smaller than the Inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscle.

Origin and insertion

It arises from the whole length of the upper border of the greater cornu of the hyoid bone, from the lesser cornu, and from the
..... Click the link for more information.
The Oropharynx (oral part of the pharynx) reaches from the soft palate to the level of the hyoid bone.

It opens anteriorly, through the isthmus faucium, into the mouth, while in its lateral wall, between the two palatine arches, is the palatine tonsil.
..... Click the link for more information.
In human anatomy, the hypopharynx (or laryngopharynx) is the bottom part of the pharynx, and is the part of the throat that connects to the esophagus.

The superior boundary of the hypopharynx is at the level of the hyoid bone.
..... Click the link for more information.
The nasopharynx (nasal part of the pharynx) lies behind the nose and above the level of the soft palate: it differs from the oral and laryngeal parts of the pharynx in that its cavity always remains patent (open).
..... Click the link for more information.
The maxillary nerve (superior maxillary nerve), or second division of the trigeminal, is a sensory nerve.

It is intermediate, both in position and size, between the ophthalmic nerve and the mandibular nerve.
..... Click the link for more information.
The stylopharyngeus is a muscle in the head that stretches between the styloid process and the pharynx.

Structure

The stylopharyngeus is a long, slender muscle, cylindrical above, flattened below.
..... Click the link for more information.
The levator veli palatini is a muscle of the human body. During swallowing, it contracts, elevating the soft palate to help prevent food from entering the nasopharynx. It is innervated via the pharyngeal plexus, primarily by the vagus nerve (CN X).
..... Click the link for more information.
The palatoglossus (glossopalatinus) is a small fleshy fasciculus, narrower in the middle than at either end, forming, with the mucous membrane covering its surface, the glossopalatine arch.
..... Click the link for more information.
The musculus uvulae (azygos uvulae) is a muscle of the soft palate.

Origin and insertion

Itarises from the posterior nasal spine of the palatine bones and from the palatine aponeurosis.
..... Click the link for more information.
Pharyngeal constrictor can refer to:
  • Superior pharyngeal constrictor muscle
  • Middle pharyngeal constrictor muscle
  • Inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscle

..... Click the link for more information.
The superior cervical ganglion (SCG), the largest of the cervical ganglia, is placed opposite the second and third cervical vertebræ. It contains neurons that supply sympathetic innervation to the face.
..... Click the link for more information.
GPnotebook is a British medical database for general practitioners (GPs).[1] It is an online encyclopaedia of medicine that provides an immediate reference resource for clinicians worldwide. The database consists of over 30,000 pages of information.
..... Click the link for more information.
A nerve is an enclosed, cable-like bundle of axons (the long, slender projection of a neuron). Neurons are sometimes called nerve cells, though this term is technically imprecise since many neurons do not form nerves, and nerves also include the glial cells that
..... Click the link for more information.
Head and neck anatomy focuses on the structures of the head and neck of the human body, including the brain, bones, muscles, blood vessels, nerves, glands, nose, mouth, teeth, tongue, and throat.
..... Click the link for more information.
Cranial nerves are nerves that emerge directly from the brain in contrast to spinal nerves which emerge from segments of the spinal cord. Although thirteen cranial nerves in humans fit this description, twelve are conventionally recognized.
..... Click the link for more information.
The olfactory nerve, or cranial nerve I, is the first of twelve cranial nerves. The specialized olfactory receptor neurons of the olfactory nerve are located in the olfactory mucosa of the upper parts of the nasal cavity.
..... Click the link for more information.
Optic Nerve may be a reference to:
  • Optic nerve, the anatomical structure;
  • Optic Nerve (comic), the comic book series;
  • Optic Nerve (1998), the seminal release from the Irish hip hop act known as Exile Eye; or

..... Click the link for more information.
The oculomotor nerve is the third of twelve paired cranial nerves. It controls most of the eye movements (cranial nerves IV and VI also do some), constriction of the pupil, and holding the eyelid open.
..... Click the link for more information.
The superior branch of the oculomotor nerve or the superior division, the smaller, passes medialward over the optic nerve.

It supplies the Superior rectus and Levator palpebrae superioris.
..... Click the link for more information.
The inferior branch of the oculomotor nerve or the inferior division, the larger, divides into three branches.
  • One passes beneath the optic nerve to the medial rectus.
  • Another, to the inferior rectus.

..... Click the link for more information.
The trochlear nerve (the fourth cranial nerve, also called the fourth nerve or simply IV) is a motor nerve (a “somatic efferent” nerve) that innervates a single muscle: the superior oblique muscle of the eye.
..... Click the link for more information.
The trigeminal nerve (the fifth cranial nerve, also called the fifth nerve or simply V) is responsible for sensation in the face. It is similar to the spinal nerves C2–S5, which are responsible for sensation in the rest of the body.
..... Click the link for more information.
The trigeminal ganglion (or Gasserian ganglion, or semilunar ganglion) is a sensory ganglion of the trigeminal nerve which occupies a cavity (Meckel's cave) in the dura mater covering the trigeminal impression near the apex of the petrous part of the temporal bone.
..... Click the link for more information.
The ophthalmic nerve is one of the three branches of the trigeminal nerve, the fifth cranial nerve. Like the maxillary branch of the trigeminal nerve, the ophthalmic branch carries sensory fibers only.
..... Click the link for more information.


This article is copied from an article on Wikipedia.org - the free encyclopedia created and edited by online user community. The text was not checked or edited by anyone on our staff. Although the vast majority of the wikipedia encyclopedia articles provide accurate and timely information please do not assume the accuracy of any particular article. This article is distributed under the terms of GNU Free Documentation License.
Herod_Archelaus


page counter