Information about Nikolaus Otto
Nikolaus August Otto (June 10, 1832 Holzhausen an der Haide, Nassau - January 26, 1891 Cologne) was the German inventor of the first internal-combustion engine to efficiently burn fuel directly in a piston chamber. Although other internal combustion engines had been invented (e.g. by Étienne Lenoir) these were not based on four separate strokes. The concept of four strokes is likely to have been around at the time of Otto's invention but he was the first to make it practical
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This engine was designed as a stationary engine and in the action of the engine, the stroke is an upward or downward movement of a piston in a cylinder. Used later in an adapted form as an automobile engine, four up-down strokes are involved: (1) downward intake stroke—coal-gas and air enter the piston chamber, (2) upward compression stroke—the piston compresses the mixture, (3) downward power stroke—ignites the fuel mixture by electric spark, and (4) upward exhaust stroke—releases exhaust gas from the piston chamber. Otto only sold his engine as a stationary motor.
In 1879, working independently in another part of Germany, Karl Benz was granted a patent for his internal combustion engine.
In 1882, the Philosophical Faculty of the University of Wurzburg awarded Otto with an honorary doctorate.
That same year Daimler and Maybach left Deutz-AG-Gasmotorenfabrik and in 1890 would establish Daimler Motoren Gesellschaft (Daimler Engines Company) or DMG. Its purpose was the construction of small, high speed engines based on the same technology.
In 1885 Karl Benz used his engine to propel a three-wheeled automobile that was granted a patent dated January 29, 1886. In the same year, Benz began production and sold automobiles.
The Otto Cycle engine patent was invalidated in 1886 when it was discovered that another inventor, Alphonse Beau de Rochas, had already described the four-stroke cycle principle in a privately published pamphlet.
In 1885 Daimler and Maybach designed and built a motorcycle with an engine of the Otto Cycle type that they patented. In 1886 they placed a stationary engine into a stagecoach as an experiment and, in 1889, designed and built their first automobile. DMG was founded in 1890. In 1892 they first sold an automobile to a customer.
In 1884, Otto once again revolutionized engine design. At this point in time internal combustion engines were stationary due to the fact that they could not run on liquid fuel. They were run with gas, and required a pilot light in order to operate. This changed with the introduction of a low-voltage magneto ignition. This electrical ignition system allows engines to use liquid fuel, making mobile use possible.
In 1900 Daimler died and in 1909 Maybach left Daimler Motoren Gesellschaft. In 1926, their successors at DMG merged with the Karl Benz company, forming Daimler-Benz.
Otto and Langen
In 1864, Otto co-founded an engine manufacturing business in Cologne. Along with his business partner Eugen Langen he established “N.A. Otto & Cie.”. This company exists today as “Deutz AG”, who boasts the fact that they are the world's oldest engine manufacturers, with over 140 years of experience.Engine development
The first major breakthrough at Otto's company was during its founding year, with the development of the "atmospheric gas power machine". This atmospheric engine was later awarded a Gold Medal at the World Exhibition in Paris as an economical drive engine for small businesses. Manufacturing of these engines began in 1868. In 1872 Gottlieb Daimler and Wilhelm Maybach joined his company for a while and together they produced the idea of the four-stroke cycle or, Otto cycle engine, which was first described in 1876.This engine was designed as a stationary engine and in the action of the engine, the stroke is an upward or downward movement of a piston in a cylinder. Used later in an adapted form as an automobile engine, four up-down strokes are involved: (1) downward intake stroke—coal-gas and air enter the piston chamber, (2) upward compression stroke—the piston compresses the mixture, (3) downward power stroke—ignites the fuel mixture by electric spark, and (4) upward exhaust stroke—releases exhaust gas from the piston chamber. Otto only sold his engine as a stationary motor.
In 1879, working independently in another part of Germany, Karl Benz was granted a patent for his internal combustion engine.
In 1882, the Philosophical Faculty of the University of Wurzburg awarded Otto with an honorary doctorate.
That same year Daimler and Maybach left Deutz-AG-Gasmotorenfabrik and in 1890 would establish Daimler Motoren Gesellschaft (Daimler Engines Company) or DMG. Its purpose was the construction of small, high speed engines based on the same technology.
In 1885 Karl Benz used his engine to propel a three-wheeled automobile that was granted a patent dated January 29, 1886. In the same year, Benz began production and sold automobiles.
The Otto Cycle engine patent was invalidated in 1886 when it was discovered that another inventor, Alphonse Beau de Rochas, had already described the four-stroke cycle principle in a privately published pamphlet.
In 1885 Daimler and Maybach designed and built a motorcycle with an engine of the Otto Cycle type that they patented. In 1886 they placed a stationary engine into a stagecoach as an experiment and, in 1889, designed and built their first automobile. DMG was founded in 1890. In 1892 they first sold an automobile to a customer.
In 1884, Otto once again revolutionized engine design. At this point in time internal combustion engines were stationary due to the fact that they could not run on liquid fuel. They were run with gas, and required a pilot light in order to operate. This changed with the introduction of a low-voltage magneto ignition. This electrical ignition system allows engines to use liquid fuel, making mobile use possible.
In 1900 Daimler died and in 1909 Maybach left Daimler Motoren Gesellschaft. In 1926, their successors at DMG merged with the Karl Benz company, forming Daimler-Benz.
Earlier patents
According to recent historical studies, the Italian inventors Eugenio Barsanti and Felice Matteucci patented a first working efficient version of an internal combustion engine in 1854 in London (pt. Num. 1072). It is claimed that the Otto engine is in many parts at least inspired from this precedent invention [2], but, as yet there is no documentation of knowledge about the Italian engine by Otto.External links
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Holzhausen an der Haide is a municipality in the district of Rhein-Lahn, in Rhineland-Palatinate, in western Germany.
Holzhausen is the birthplace of Nicolaus August Otto, the inventor of the "Otto Engine".
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Holzhausen is the birthplace of Nicolaus August Otto, the inventor of the "Otto Engine".
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Köln
Cologne
Cologne Cathedral with Hohenzollern Bridge
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Cologne
Cologne Cathedral with Hohenzollern Bridge
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Anthem
"Das Lied der Deutschen" (third stanza)
also called "Einigkeit und Recht und Freiheit"
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"Das Lied der Deutschen" (third stanza)
also called "Einigkeit und Recht und Freiheit"
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An inventor is a person who creates or discovers new methods, means, or devices for performing a task. The word "inventor" comes form the latin verb invenire, invent-, to find.
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The internal combustion engine is an engine in which the combustion of fuel and an oxidizer (typically air) occurs in a confined space called a combustion chamber. This exothermic reaction creates gases at high temperature and pressure, which are permitted to expand.
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Jean Joseph Étienne Lenoir (January 12 1822 - August 4 1900) was a French-Belgian engineer.
Born in Mussy-la-Ville, Belgium, by the early 1850s he had emigrated to France, taking up residence in Paris, where he developed an interest in electroplating.
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Born in Mussy-la-Ville, Belgium, by the early 1850s he had emigrated to France, taking up residence in Paris, where he developed an interest in electroplating.
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Köln
Cologne
Cologne Cathedral with Hohenzollern Bridge
Coat of arms Location
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Cologne
Cologne Cathedral with Hohenzollern Bridge
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Deutz AG (FWB: DEZG ) is a German engine manufacturer. The company was founded by Nikolaus Otto, inventor of the four-stroke internal combustion engine, in 1848 as N. A. Otto & Cie.
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Deutz AG (FWB: DEZG ) is a German engine manufacturer. The company was founded by Nikolaus Otto, inventor of the four-stroke internal combustion engine, in 1848 as N. A. Otto & Cie.
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Gottlieb Wilhelm Daimler (March 17, 1834 - March 6, 1900) was an engineer, industrial designer and industrialist, born in Schorndorf (Kingdom of Württemberg) what is now Germany. He was a pioneer of internal-combustion engines and automobile development.
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Wilhelm Maybach [ˈvɪl.hɛlm ˈmai.bax] (February 9, 1846 – December 29, 1929), was an early German engine designer and industrialist.
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four-stroke cycle. The four strokes refer to intake, compression, combustion and exhaust strokes that occur during two crankshaft rotations per working cycle of Otto Cycle and Diesel engines.
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automobile (from Greek auto, self and Latin mobile moving, a vehicle that moves itself rather than being moved by another vehicle or animal) or motor car (usually shortened to just car) is a wheeled passenger vehicle that carries its own motor.
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An engine is something that produces an output effect from a given input. The origin of engineering however, came from the design, building and working of (military "engines") because before such devices came to be employed in battles there were very few mechanical devices used.
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Anthem
"Das Lied der Deutschen" (third stanza)
also called "Einigkeit und Recht und Freiheit"
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"Das Lied der Deutschen" (third stanza)
also called "Einigkeit und Recht und Freiheit"
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Karl Friedrich Benz, for whom an alternate French spelling of Carl is used ocassionaly, (November 25, 1844, Karlsruhe, Germany – April 4, 1929, Ladenburg, Germany) was a German engine designer and automobile engineer, generally regarded as the inventor of the
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Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft (Daimler Motor Company or DMG) was a German engine and later automobile manufacturer that operated from 1890 until 1926. Founded by Gottlieb Daimler and Wilhelm Maybach, it was based first in Cannstatt (today Bad-Cannstatt, a city
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Alphonse Beau de Rochas (1815-1893) was a French engineer who originated the principle of the four-stroke internal-combustion engine. His achievement lay partly in his emphasizing the previously unappreciated importance of compressing the fuel–air mixture before
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Daimler-Benz AG
Founded
Headquarters Stuttgart, Germany
Daimler-Benz AG was a German manufacturer of automobiles, motor vehicles, and engines which was founded in 1926.
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Founded
Headquarters Stuttgart, Germany
Daimler-Benz AG was a German manufacturer of automobiles, motor vehicles, and engines which was founded in 1926.
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Father Eugenio Barsanti (October 12 1821 - April 19 1864), also named Nicolò, was the Italian inventor of the Internal combustion engine.
Barsanti was born in Pietrasanta, Tuscany.
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Barsanti was born in Pietrasanta, Tuscany.
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Felice Matteucci (February 12 1808 - September 13 1887) was an Italian hydraulic engineer and co-inventor, with Eugenio Barsanti, of the internal combustion engine.
Born in Lucca, he studied hydraulic and mechanical engineering firstly in Paris then later in Florence.
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Born in Lucca, he studied hydraulic and mechanical engineering firstly in Paris then later in Florence.
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