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Information about New World Monkey

New World monkeys[1]

Scientific classification
Kingdom:Animalia
Phylum:Chordata
Class:Mammalia
Order:Primates
Suborder:Haplorrhini
Infraorder:Simiiformes
Parvorder:Platyrrhini
E. Geoffroy, 1812
Families


Cebidae
Aotidae
Pitheciidae
Atelidae


The New World monkeys are the four families of primates that are found in Central and South America: Cebidae, Aotidae, Pitheciidae and Atelidae. The four families are ranked together as the Platyrrhini parvorder. They differ from other groupings of monkeys and primates, such as the Old World monkeys and the apes.

About 40 million years ago the Simiiformes infraorder split into parvaorders Platyrrhini (New World monkeys—in South America) and Catarrhini (apes and Old World monkeys—in Africa).[2] The Platyrrhini are currently conjectured to have migrated across the Atlantic Ocean to South America on a raft of vegetation similar to the vast pieces of floating mangrove forest that storms occasionally break off from the tropical African coast. At that time the Atlantic Ocean was less than the present 2800km wide.

Characteristics

New World monkeys differ slightly from Old World monkeys in several aspects. The most prominent difference is the nose, which is the feature used most commonly to distinguish between the two groups. The scientific name for the New World monkeys, Platyrrhini, means "flat nosed". The noses of New World monkeys are flatter, with side facing nostrils, than the narrow noses of the Old World monkeys. Platyrrhines also differ from Old World monkeys in that they have twelve premolars instead of eight. Most New World monkeys have long tails that are often prehensile. Many New World monkeys are small and almost all are arboreal, so knowledge of them is less comprehensive than that of the more easily observed Old World monkeys. Unlike most Old World monkeys, many New World monkeys form monogamous pair bonds, and show substantial paternal care of young.

Classification

References

1. ^ Groves, Colin (16 November 2005). in Wilson, D. E., and Reeder, D. M. (eds): Mammal Species of the World, 3rd edition, Johns Hopkins University Press, 128-152. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.2005&rft.edition=3rd%20edition&rft.pub=Johns%20Hopkins%20University%20Press&rft.pages=128-152&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnmnhgoph.si.edu%2Fmsw%2F"> 
2. ^ Robert W. Shumaker & Benjamin B. Beck (2003). Primates in Question. Smithsonian Institute Press. ISBN 1-58834-176-3. 
Scientific classification or biological classification is a method by which biologists group and categorize species of organisms. Scientific classification also can be called scientific taxonomy, but should be distinguished from folk taxonomy, which lacks scientific basis.
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Chordata
Bateson, 1885

Typical Classes

See below

Chordates (phylum Chordata) are a group of animals that includes the vertebrates, together with several closely related invertebrates.
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Mammalia
Linnaeus, 1758

Subclasses & Infraclasses
  • Subclass †Allotheria*
  • Subclass Prototheria
  • Subclass Theria

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Primates
Linnaeus, 1758

Families
  • 15, See classification
A primate is any member of the biological order Primates, the group that contains all the species commonly related to the lemurs, monkeys, and apes, with the last category
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Haplorrhini
Pocock, 1918

Families
Tarsiidae
Cebidae
Aotidae
Pitheciidae
Atelidae
Cercopithecidae
Hylobatidae
Hominidae

The haplorrhines, the "dry-nosed" primates (the Greek name means "simple-nosed"), are members of the
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Simiiformes
Haeckel, 1866

Families

Cebidae
Aotidae
Pitheciidae
Atelidae
Cercopithecidae
Hylobatidae
Hominidae
The simians (infraorder Simiiformes
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Étienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire (April 15,1772 - June 19, 1844) was a French naturalist who established the principle of "unity of composition". He was a colleague of Jean-Baptiste Lamarck and expanded and defended Lamarck's evolutionary theories.
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family (Latin: familia, plural familiae) is a rank, or a taxon in that rank. Exact details of formal nomenclature depend on the Nomenclature Code which applies.
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Cebidae
Bonaparte, 1831

Genera

Callithrix
Leontopithecus
Saguinus
Callimico
Cebus
Saimiri

The Cebidae form one of the four families of New World monkeys now recognised.
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Aotidae
Poche, 1908 (1865)

Genus: Aotus
Illiger, 1811

Type species
Simia trivirgata
Humboldt, 1811

Species

Aotus lemurinus
Aotus hershkovitzi

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Pitheciidae
Mivart, 1865

Genera

Pithecia
Chiropotes
Cacajao
Callicebus

The Pitheciidae are one of the four families of New World monkeys now recognised.
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Atelidae
Gray, 1825

Genera

Alouatta
Ateles
Brachyteles
Lagothrix
Oreonax

The Atelidae are one of the four families of New World monkeys now recognised.
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Primates
Linnaeus, 1758

Families
  • 15, See classification
A primate is any member of the biological order Primates, the group that contains all the species commonly related to the lemurs, monkeys, and apes, with the last category
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Central America (Spanish: Centroamérica or América Central) is a central geographic region of the Americas. It is variably defined either as the southern portion of North America, which connects with South America on the southeast, or a region of
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South America is a continent of the Americas, situated entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere. It is bordered on the west by the Pacific Ocean and on the north and east by the Atlantic Ocean; North America and the Caribbean Sea lie
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Cebidae
Bonaparte, 1831

Genera

Callithrix
Leontopithecus
Saguinus
Callimico
Cebus
Saimiri

The Cebidae form one of the four families of New World monkeys now recognised.
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Aotidae
Poche, 1908 (1865)

Genus: Aotus
Illiger, 1811

Type species
Simia trivirgata
Humboldt, 1811

Species

Aotus lemurinus
Aotus hershkovitzi

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Pitheciidae
Mivart, 1865

Genera

Pithecia
Chiropotes
Cacajao
Callicebus

The Pitheciidae are one of the four families of New World monkeys now recognised.
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Atelidae
Gray, 1825

Genera

Alouatta
Ateles
Brachyteles
Lagothrix
Oreonax

The Atelidae are one of the four families of New World monkeys now recognised.
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Cercopithecoidea
Gray, 1821
Family: Cercopithecidae
Gray, 1821

Subfamilies

Cercopithecinae - 11 genera
Colobinae - 10 genera

The Old World monkeys or Cercopithecidae
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  • An ape is a member of the Hominoidea superfamily of primates.
Ape or APE may also refer to:
  • Ape, Inc., video game development company
  • Ape, Latvia, a town in Latvia, northwest of Alūksne
  • A*P*E, a 1976 film

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Simiiformes
Haeckel, 1866

Families

Cebidae
Aotidae
Pitheciidae
Atelidae
Cercopithecidae
Hylobatidae
Hominidae
The simians (infraorder Simiiformes
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Catarrhini
É. Geoffroy, 1812

Families

Cercopithecidae
Hylobatidae
Hominidae

Catarrhini is a parvorder of the Primates, one of the three major divisions of the suborder Haplorrhini.
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  • An ape is a member of the Hominoidea superfamily of primates.
Ape or APE may also refer to:
  • Ape, Inc., video game development company
  • Ape, Latvia, a town in Latvia, northwest of Alūksne
  • A*P*E, a 1976 film

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Cercopithecoidea
Gray, 1821
Family: Cercopithecidae
Gray, 1821

Subfamilies

Cercopithecinae - 11 genera
Colobinae - 10 genera

The Old World monkeys or Cercopithecidae
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Atlantic Ocean is the second-largest of the world's oceanic divisions; with a total area of about 106.4 million square kilometres (41.1 million square miles), it covers approximately one-fifth of the Earth's surface.
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South America is a continent of the Americas, situated entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere. It is bordered on the west by the Pacific Ocean and on the north and east by the Atlantic Ocean; North America and the Caribbean Sea lie
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The New World is one of the names used for the Americas. When the term originated in the late 15th century, the Americas were new to the Europeans, who previously thought of the world as consisting only of Europe, Asia, and Africa (collectively, the Old World).
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The premolar teeth or bicuspids are transitional teeth located between the canine and molar teeth. In humans, there are two premolars per quadrant, making eight premolars total in the mouth. They have at least two cusps.
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