Naval Research Laboratory

Information about Naval Research Laboratory

Bust of Thomas Edison at the front gate of the Naval Research Laboratory.

The United States Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) is the corporate research laboratory for the United States Navy and the United States Marine Corps and conducts a broad program of scientific research and advanced development. NRL has existed since 1923, when it opened under the Office of Naval Research at the instigation of Thomas Edison. "The Government should maintain a great research laboratory.... In this could be developed...all the technique of military and naval progression without any vast expense."

Naval Research Laboratory complex on the Potomac River in Washington, D.C.

NRL's accomplishments range from the development of gamma-ray radiography and radar to the Large Angle and Spectrometric Coronagraph Experiment (LASCO) and Dragon Eye, a robotic airborne sensor system. The laboratory first proposed a nuclear submarine in 1939, and developed over-the-horizon radar in the late 1950s. The details of Grab I, deployed by NRL as the nation's first intelligence satellite, were recently declassified. The laboratory is responsible for the identification, friend or foe (IFF) system. In 1985, two scientists at the laboratory, Herbert A. Hauptman and Jerome Karle, won the Nobel Prize for work in molecular structure analysis. The projects developed by the laboratory often become mainstream applications without public awareness of the developer; an example in computer science is onion routing. The Timation system, developed at NRL, provided the basis for the Global Positioning System [1].

A few of the laboratory's many current specialties include plasma physics, space physics, materials science, and tactical electronic warfare.

External links

United States Navy (USN) is the branch of the United States armed forces responsible for conducting naval operations. The U.S. Navy currently has over 340,000 personnel on active duty and nearly 128,000 in the Navy Reserve.
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The United States Marine Corps (USMC) is a branch of the United States military responsible for providing power projection from the sea,^[1] utilizing the mobility of the U.S. Navy to rapidly deliver combined-arms task forces.
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The U.S. Office of Naval Research (ONR), headquartered in Arlington, Virginia (Ballston), is the office within the U.S. Department of the Navy that coordinates, executes, and promotes the science and technology programs of the U.S.
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Thomas Alva Edison (February 11 1847 – October 18 1931) was an American inventor and businessman who developed many devices that greatly influenced life around the world, including the phonograph and a long lasting light bulb.
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Military has two broad meanings. In its first sense, it refers to soldiers and soldiering. In its second sense, it refers to armed forces as a whole. Over the years, military units have come in all shapes and sizes.
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navy is the branch of a country's military forces principally designated for naval warfare and amphibious warfare (marines) namely lake- or ocean-borne combat operations and related functions.
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For the music band, see .

Gamma rays or gamma-ray (denoted as γ) are forms of electromagnetic radiation (EMR) or light emissions of a specific frequency produced from sub-atomic particle interaction, such as electron-positron annihilation and
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Radiography is the use of certain types of electromagnetic radiation—usually ionizing—to view objects. The use of non-ionizing radiations (visible light and ultraviolet light) to view objects should be considered as a normal “optical” method (e.g.
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Radar is a system that uses electromagnetic waves to identify the range, altitude, direction, or speed of both moving and fixed objects such as aircraft, ships, motor vehicles, weather formations, and terrain.
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Dragon Eye Unmanned Aerial Vehicle is a 2.3 kg reconnaissance UAV developed by the Marine Corps Warfighting Laboratory for use by the U.S. Marine Corps. The Dragon Eye aircraft is used primarily for scouting urban areas, and is especially useful in urban assaults.
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submarine is a watercraft that can operate underwater. Military submarines were first widely used in World War I and are used by all major navies today. Civilian submarines and submersibles are used for scientific work at depths too great for human divers.
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spy satellite (officially referred to as a reconnaissance satellite) is an Earth observation satellite or communications satellite deployed for military or intelligence applications. The first generation type (i.e.
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Secondary Surveillance Radar (SSR) is a radar system used in air traffic control (ATC), which not only detects and measures the position of aircraft but also requests additional information from the aircraft itself such as its identity and altitude.
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Herbert A. Hauptman
Born January 14 1917 (age 90)
New York City, New York, U.S.A.
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Jerome Karle (born June 18, 1918) is an American physical chemist. He was born in New York City and attended Abraham Lincoln High School in Brooklyn.

Jointly with Herbert A. Hauptman he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1985.
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This page is currently protected from editing until disputes have been resolved.
Protection is not an endorsement of the current [ version] ([ protection log]).
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Onion routing is a technique for pseudonymous (or anonymous) communication over a computer network, developed by David Goldschlag, Michael Reed, and Paul Syverson. It is based on David Chaum's mix networks, though it includes a number of advances and modifications.
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The Timation satellites were conceived, developed, and launched by the Naval Research Laboratory in Washington, D.C. beginning in 1964. The concept of Timation was to broadcast an accurate time reference for use as a ranging signal to receivers on the ground.
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Global Positioning System (GPS) is the only fully functional Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS). Utilizing a constellation of at least 24 medium Earth orbit satellites that transmit precise microwave signals, the system enables a GPS receiver to determine its
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plasma is typically an ionized gas. Plasma is considered to be a distinct state of matter, apart from gases, because of its unique properties. "Ionized" refers to presence of one or more free electrons, which are not bound to an atom or molecule.
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Space physics, also known as space plasma physics, is the study of plasmas as they occur naturally in the universe. As such, it encompasses a far-ranging number of topics, including the sun, solar wind, planetary magnetospheres and ionospheres, auroras, cosmic rays, and
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Materials science or materials engineering is an interdisciplinary field involving the properties of matter and its applications to various areas of science and engineering. This science investigates the relationship between the structure of materials and their properties.
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Electronic warfare (EW) is the use of the electromagnetic spectrum to effectively deny the use of this medium by an adversary, while optimizing its use by friendly forces.
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The history of radar began in the 1900s when engineers invented reflection devices. Around the 1930s, radar stations were being deployed.

Before the twentieth century

In 1887 the German physicist Heinrich Hertz began experimenting with radio waves in his laboratory.
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Nike laser at the United States Naval Research Laboratory in Washington, DC is a 56 beam, 4-5 Kj per pulse electron beam pumped krypton fluoride excimer laser which operates in the ultraviolet at 248 nm with pulsewidths of a few nanoseconds.
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The Interactive Scenario Builder (Builder) is a three-dimensional, interactive mission planning tool developed by the United States Naval Research Laboratory. It helps war fighters to make tactical decisions by analysing and visualising the radio frequency capabilities of
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NRLMSISE-00 is an empirical, global model of the Earth's atmosphere from ground to space. It models the temperatures and densities of the atmosphere's components. A primary use of this model is to aid predictions of satellite orbital decay due to atmospheric drag.
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SIMDIS? Visual Analysis & Display Toolset is a set of software visualisation and analysis tools developed by the United States Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) for use in the Navy and Marine Corps.
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