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Information about Naval Ocean Surveillance System

The Naval Ocean Surveillance System (NOSS), reportedly also called White Cloud and PARCAE, refers to one or several systems of SIGINT satellites which conducted ELINT for the U.S. Navy beginning in the early 1970s.

The system is operated by the United States Navy and its main purpose was tactical geolocation of Soviet fleet assets during the Cold War. The NOSS satellites operate in clusters in low Earth orbit to detect radio transmissions from ships at sea and locate them using the "Time Difference Of Arrival" technique.[1]

Launches

Date Name? Alt name ID Launch vehicle Perigee Apogee Inclination (deg.)
1971-12-14PARCAE test1971-110A,C,D,EOPS 7898 P/L 1-4Thorad Agena D SLV983 km999 km70.0
1976-04-30NOSS 11976-038A,C,D,JOPS-6431Atlas F.1,092 km1,128 km63.5
1977-12-8NOSS 21977-112A,D,E,FOPS 8781Atlas F.1,054 km1,169 km63.4
1980-03-03NOSS 31980-019A,C,D,GOPS 7245Atlas F.1,035 km1,150 km63.0
1980-12-09NOSS (failure)1980-U01---Atlas E.---------
1983-02-09NOSS 41983-008A,E,F,HOPS 0252Atlas H.1,063 km1,186 km63.40
1983-06-09NOSS 51983-056A,C,D,GOPS 6432Atlas H.851 km1363 km63.4
1984-02-05NOSS 61984-012A,C,D,FOPS 8737Atlas H.1,052 km1,172 km63.4
1986-02-09NOSS 71986-014A,E,F,HUSA 15, USA 16, USA 17, USA 18Atlas H.1,049 km1,166 km63.0
1987-05-15NOSS 81987-043A,E,F,HUSA 22, USA 23, USA 24, USA 26Atlas H.1,045 km1,179 km62.9
1990-06-08NOSS 2-11990-050C,D,EUSA 59, USA 60, USA 61, USA 62Titan 41071 km1146 km63.4
1991-11-08NOSS 2-21991-076A,C,D,EUSA 72, USA 74, USA 76, USA 77Titan 41052 km1164 km63.4
1996-05-12NOSS 2-31996-029A,B,C,DUSA 119, USA 120, USA 121, USA 122Atlas E/F1050 km1166 km63.4
2001-09-08NOSS 3-12001-040A,CUSA 160Atlas 2AS1100 km1100 km63
2003-12-02NOSS 3-22003-054A,CUSA 173Atlas 2AS1013 km1200 km63.4
2005-02-03NOSS 3-32005-004A,CUSA 181Atlas 3B/Centaur1011 km1209 km63.4
2007-02-12NOSS 3-42007-027A,CUSA 194Atlas 5
data from [1], [2]

References

See also

External links

For other uses, see Sigint (disambiguation).


SIGINT stands for SIGnals INTelligence, which is a intelligence-gathering by interception of signals, whether between people (i.e.
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spy satellite (officially referred to as a reconnaissance satellite) is an Earth observation satellite or communications satellite deployed for military or intelligence applications. The first generation type (i.e.
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ELINT stands for ELectronic Signals INTelligence, and refers to intelligence-gathering by use of electronic sensors.

ELINT primarily focuses on non-communications signals intelligence.
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United States Navy (USN) is the branch of the United States armed forces responsible for conducting naval operations. The U.S. Navy currently has over 340,000 personnel on active duty and nearly 128,000 in the Navy Reserve.
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Military tactics (Greek: Taktikē, the art of organizing an army) are the collective name for methods for engaging and defeating an enemy in battle. Changes in philosophy and technology over time have been reflected in changes to military tactics.
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Geolocation refers to identifying the real-world geographic location of an Internet connected computer, mobile device, or website visitor. Geolocation can be used to refer to the practice of assessing the location, or it can be used to refer to the actual assessed location or
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Soviet Navy (Russian: Военно-морской флот СССР, Voyenno-morskoy flot SSSR
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The Cold War was the period of conflict, tension and competition between the United States and the Soviet Union and their respective allies from the mid-1940s until the early 1990s.
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Low Earth Orbit (LEO) is generally defined as an orbit within the locus extending from the Earth’s surface up to an altitude of 2,000 km. Given the rapid orbital decay of objects below approximately 200 km, the commonly accepted definition for LEO is between 200 - 2000 km
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The International Designator (or NSSDC ID) is an international naming convention for satellites. It consists of the launch year, a 3-digit incrementing launch number of that year and up to a 3-letter code representing the sequential id of a piece in a launch.
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Perigee is the point at which an object in orbit around the Earth makes its closest approach to the Earth. This term commonly refers to the Moon but can be applied to any earth-orbiting body, such as artificial satellites.
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POPPY is the code name given to a series of U.S. intelligence satellites operated by the National Reconnaissance Office. The POPPY satellites recorded ELINT data, targeting radar installations in the Soviet Union.
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ELINT stands for ELectronic Signals INTelligence, and refers to intelligence-gathering by use of electronic sensors.

ELINT primarily focuses on non-communications signals intelligence.
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