Morse Code Abbreviations

Information about Morse Code Abbreviations

Abbreviations differ from prosigns for Morse Code in that they observe normal interletter spacing; that is, they are not "run together" the way prosigns are.

AA	All after (used after question mark to request a repetition)
AB	All before (similarly)
ARRL	American Radio Relay League
ABT	About
ADR	Address
AGN	Again
ANT	Antenna
ARND	Around
BCI	Broadcast interference
BK	Break (to pause transmission of a message, say)
BN	All between
BTR	Better
BUG	Semiautomatic mechanical key
B4	Before
C	Yes; correct
CBA	Callbook address
CFM	Confirm
CK	Check
CL	Clear (I am closing my station)
CLG	Calling
CQ	Calling any station
CQD	Original International Distress Call
CS	Callsign
CTL	Control
CUD	Could
CUL	See you later
CUZ	Because
CW	Continuous wave (i.e., radiotelgraph)
CX	Conditions
DE	From (or "this is")
DN	Down
DR	Dear
DSW	Goodbye (Russian: до свидания [Do svidanya])
DX	Distance (sometimes refers to long distance contact), foreign countries
EMRG	Emergency
ENUF	Enough
ES	And
FB	Fine business (Analogous to "OK")
FCC	Federal Communications Commission
FER	For
FM	From
FREQ	Frequency
FWD	Forward
GA	Good afternoon or Go ahead (depending on context)
GE	Good evening
GG	Going
GM	Good morning
GN	Good night
GND	Ground (ground potential)
GUD	Good
GX	Ground
HI	Laughter
HR	Here, hear
HV	Have
HW	How
II	I say again
IMP	Impedance
KN	Over
LID	Poor operator
MILS	Milli amperes
MNI	Many
MSG	Message
N	No; nine
NIL	Nothing
NR	Number
NW	Now
NX	Noise; noisy
OB	Old boy
OC	Old chap
OM	Old man (any male amateur radio operator is an OM)
OO	Official observer
OP	Operator
OT	Old timer
OTC	Old timers club
OOTC	Old old timers club
PSE	Please
PWR	Power
PX	Prefix
QCWA	Quarter Century Wireless Association
R	Are; received as transmitted (origin of "Roger"), or decimal point (depending on context)
RCVR	Receiver (radio)
RFI	Radio Frequency Interference
RIG	Radio apparatus
RPT	Repeat or report (depending on context)
RPRT	Report
RST	Signal report format (Readability-Signal Strength-Tone)
RTTY	Radioteletype
RX	Receiver
SAE	Self-addressed envelope
SASE	Self-addressed, stamped envelope
SED	Said
SEZ	Says
SFR	So far (proword)
SIG	Signal or signature
SIGS	Signals
SK	Out (proword)
SKED	Schedule
SMS	Short message service
SN	Soon
SNR	Signal-to-noise ratio
SRI	Sorry
SSB	Single sideband
STN	Station
T	Zero
TEMP	Temperature
TFC	Traffic
TKS	Thanks
TMW	Tomorrow
TNX	Thanks
TT	That
TU	Thank you
TVI	Television interference
TX	Transmit, transmitter
TXT	Text
U	You
UR	Your or You're (depending on context)
URS	Yours
VX	Voice; phone
VY	Very
W	Watts
WA	Word after
WB	Word before
WC	Wilco
WDS	Words
WID	With
WKD	Worked
WKG	Working
WL	Will
WUD	Would
WTC	Whats the craic? (: [Conas atÃ¡ tÃº?])
WX	Weather
XCVR	Transceiver
XMTR	Transmitter
XYL	Wife
YF	Wife
YL	Young lady (used for any female)
ZX	Zero beat
73	Best regards
88	Love and kisses

An amateur radio conversation in Morse code

The skill to have sensible conversations with Morse is more than knowing just the alphabet. To make communication efficient, there are many internationally agreed patterns of communication.

A sample CW conversation between station 1 (S1) and station 2 (S2)

S1: CQ CQ CQ DE S1 K Calling anyone (CQ), this is (DE) S1, listening (K)

S2: S1 DE S2 K Calling S1, this is S2, back-to-you (K) (Now we have a connection)

S1: S2 DE S1 = GA DR OM UR RST 599 HR = QTH TIMBUKTU = OP IS JOHN = HW? S2 DE S1 K Good afternoon dear old man. You are RST 599 here. (Very readable (5), very strong signal (9), very good tone (9)) I'm located in Timbuktu. The operator's name is John. How do you copy?

S2: S1 DE S2 = TNX FB RPRT DR OM JOHN UR 558 = QTH HIMALAYA = NAME IS YETI S1 DE S2 K Thanks for the nice report dear old man John. I read you 558. I am in the Himalayas. My name is Yeti.

S1: S2 DE S1 = OK TNX QSO DR YETI = 73 ES HPE CUAGN S2 DE S1 K Okay, thanks for this conversation, dear Yeti. Best regards and hope to see you again.

S2: S1 DE S2 = R TU CUAGN 73 S1 DE S2 SK Understood. Thank you. Best regards. (signing off)

With heavy use of the Q code and Morse Code Abbreviations, surprisingly meaningful conversations can be had. Note that very few English words have been used ("is" and "name"), only abbreviations. S1 and S2 might not speak the same native language.

Of course, real rag-chewing (lengthy conversations) cannot be done without a common language. On the worldwide amateur bands this is often English.

Contesters often use a very specialized and even shorter format for their contacts. Their purpose is to process as many contacts as possible in a limited time (e.g. 100-150 per hour).

• • [ e] International Morse code
Transmission methods Electrical telegraph On-off keying Continuous wave Modulated continuous wave Heliograph Signal lamp Notable signals SOS CQD Morse code mnemonics Prosigns for Morse code Morse code abbreviations Q code Z code Other writing systems in Morse code American Morse code Greek Alphabet Cyrillic Alphabet Hebrew Alphabet Arabic Alphabet Wabun code Chinese telegraph code

Prosigns
Sign Code Meaning Comment
AR Â·-Â·-Â· Stop (end of message) Often written +
AS Â·-Â·Â·Â·
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The American Radio Relay League (ARRL), the national association for amateur radio in the United States of America, was founded in May, 1914 by Hiram Percy Maxim.

The ARRL serves as the primary representative of amateur radio operators to the US government.
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Address may refer to:

Address (geography), a code and abstract concept expressing a location on the earth's surface
Japanese addressing system
A speech (public address)
Style (manner of address), honorifics

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antenna is a transducer designed to transmit or receive radio waves which are a class of electromagnetic waves. In other words, antennas convert radio frequency electrical currents into electromagnetic waves and vice versa.
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CQ is a code used by wireless operators, particularly those communicating in Morse code, but also by voice operators, to make a general call (called a CQ call). Transmitting the letters CQ
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continuous wave or continuous waveform (CW) is an electromagnetic wave of constant amplitude and frequency; and in mathematical analysis, of infinite duration.
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Russian}}}
Writing system: Cyrillic (Russian variant)
Official status
Official language of: Abkhazia (Georgia)
Belarus
Commonwealth of Independent States (working)
Crimea (de facto; Ukraine)
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Federal Communications Commission

Logo

The FCC's official seal
Agency overview
Formed June 19, 1934
Preceding Agencies Federal Radio Commission

Annual Budget

Agency Executive
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FreQuency is a music video game developed by Harmonix and published by SCEI. It was released in November 2001. A sequel, titled Amplitude was released in 2003.
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In electrical engineering, the term ground or earth has several meanings depending on the specific application areas. Ground is the reference point in an electrical circuit from which other voltages are measured, a common return path for electrical current (
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potential may refer to the scalar potential or to the vector potential. In either case, it is a field defined in space, from which many important physical properties may be derived.
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original research or unverifiable claims.
* It is missing citations and/or footnotes. Please help improve this article by adding inline citations.
* Its tone or style may not be appropriate for Wikipedia.
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Milli redirects here. See Millie for similar-sounding words

Milli- (symbol m) is a prefix in the SI and other systems of units denoting a factor of 10⁻³, or 1/1,000.
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ampere, in practice often shortened to amp, (symbol: A) is a unit of electric current, or amount of electric charge per second. The ampere is an SI base unit, and is named after AndrÃ©-Marie AmpÃ¨re, one of the main discoverers of electromagnetism.
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operator is a function, that operates on (or modifies) another function. Often, an "operator" is a function that acts on functions to produce other functions (the sense in which Oliver Heaviside used the term); or it may be a generalization of such a function, as in linear algebra,
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In physics, power (symbol: P) is the rate at which work is performed or energy is transmitted, or the amount of energy required or expended for a given unit of time.
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A radio receiver is an electronic circuit that receives its input from an antenna, uses electronic filters to separate a wanted radio signal from all other signals picked up by this antenna, amplifies it to a level suitable for further processing, and finally converts through
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Radioteletype (RTTY) is a telecommunications system consisting of two or more teleprinters using radio as the transmission medium.

Early RTTY operators used equipment built for Bell System wire-linked Teletype(tm) systems.
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envelope is a packaging product, usually made of flat, planar material such as paper or cardboard, and designed to contain a flat object, which in a postal-service context is usually a letter or card.
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timetable or schedule is an organized list or schedule, usually set out in tabular form, providing information about a series of arranged events: in particular, the time at which it is planned these events will take place.
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Short Message Service (SMS), often called text messaging, is a means of sending short messages to and from mobile phones. SMS was originally defined as part of the GSM series of standards in 1985^[1]
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Sorry can mean:

"Sorrow" (see Contrition), an expression of contrition
"Sorrow" (see Suffering), an expression of sympathy for another's suffering
Sorry! (game), a board game.
Sorry (video game), the board game remade electronically.

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trillion fold).]]

Temperature is a physical property of a system that underlies the common notions of hot and cold; something that is hotter generally has the greater temperature. Temperature is one of the principal parameters of thermodynamics.
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In telecommunications, transmission is the forwarding of signal traffic over distances that are too great to be simply connected by a twisted pair wires. Techniques available now may be microwave link, satellite link, coaxial cable or fibre optic cable.
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WATT

City of license Cadillac, Michigan
Broadcast area [1]
Branding NewsTalk 1240
First air date 1945
Frequency 1240 kHz
Format News-Talk-Sports
Power 1,000 watts
Class C
Owner MacDonald Garber Broadcasting
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weather is the set of all extant phenomena in a given atmosphere at a given time. The term usually refers to the activity of these phenomena over short periods (hours or days), as opposed to the term climate, which refers to the average atmospheric conditions over longer periods of
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A transceiver is a device that has both a transmitter and a receiver which are combined and share common circuitry or a single housing. If no circuitry is common between transmit and receive functions, the device is a transmitter-receiver. The term originated in the early 1920s.
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transmitter (sometimes abbreviated XMTR) is an electronic device which with the aid of an antenna propagates an electromagnetic signal such as radio, television, or other telecommunications.
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Love is an intense feeling of affection related to a sense of strong loyalty or profound oneness.^[] The meaning of love varies relative to context.
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kiss (from Old English cyssan "to kiss," in turn from coss "a kiss.") is the touching with the lips. The scientific name for kissing is .

Origins

Anthropologists have not reached a consensus as to whether kissing is a learned or an instinctive behavior.
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