Information about Member Of Parliament
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Australia
In Australia, the term Member of Parliament refers to the Australian House of Representatives, and in some jurisdictions it also refers to members of the State Parliament.- See also:
- Queensland Members of the Legislative Assembly, the unicameral (single house) Parliament of Queensland were known as Members of the Legislative Assembly (MLAs) until 2001 and are now known as Members of Parliament (MPs).[1]
Canada
In Canada, the term Member of Parliament refers to both members of the Canadian House of Commons and the Senate of Canada. However, in common parlance, the term is often used in reference to members of the lower house; members in the Senate are referred to as "senators".In Ontario, the members of the provincial legislature style themselves as "Members of the Provincial Parliament" ("MPPs").[2]
Czech Republic
In Czech Republic Members of Parliament (Czech: Parlament) are called 'Poslanci' (singular Poslanec).Denmark
In Denmark, Members of Parliament refers to the elected members of the Danish Parliament, Folketinget. The style used is Medlem af Folketinget, abbreviated MF, e.g. an MP would be styled as "Jens Jensen, MF" or "Jens Jensen, Medlem af Folketinget". Denmark had a bicameral parliament until 1953, and members of the two houses were referred to respectively as Medlem af Folketinget, or MF vs. Medlem af Landstinget, or ML. Members were also referred to as respectively, Folketingsmand N.N., Landstingsmand N.N. or (collectively): Rigsdagsmand N.N. In all cases, these titles were pluralized as -mænd, e.g. Folketingsmænd.India
In India, the term Member of Parliament refers to the Sansad or the Indian Parliament chambers of the Lok Sabha or the Rajya Sabha. MPs to the Lok Sabha are elected popularly by constituencies in the Indian states and union territories, while MPs to the Rajya Sabha are elected by State legislatures. Central government is formed by the party having the most number of MPs in the Lok Sabha. Each state is allocated a fixed number of elected MPs. The Indian state, Uttar Pradesh, represents the maximum number of MPs in the Lok Sabha.Ireland
In Ireland, the term Member of Parliament can refer to the members of the pre-1801 Irish House of Commons of the Parliament of Ireland. It can also refer to Irish members elected to the British House of Commons from 1801 to 1922. Members of the modern Irish lower house of parliament, Dáil Éireann (or "the Dáil") are termed Teachtaí Dála (Teachta Dála singular) or TDs. The upper house is called the Seanaid (shan-ad). Its members are called Seanaideorai (shan-ad-ore-ee) or Senators.- See also:
Italy
In the Republican Italian Parliament the current term is (that is deputy as appointed to act on people's behalf) and so the Lower House takes the name of . Similarly to other countries, the Higher House is called and its members are the Senatori.Lebanon
The Parliament of Lebanon is the Lebanese national legislature. It is elected to a four-year term by universal adult suffrage in multi-member constituencies, apportioned among Lebanon's diverse Christian and Muslim denominations. Its major functions are to elect the President of the Republic, to approve the government (although appointed by the President, the Prime Minister, along with the Cabinet, must retain the confidence of a majority in the Parliament), and to approve laws and expenditure.Malaysia
The Malaysian Parliament is modeled after the Parliament of the United Kingdom and consists of two houses, known as the Dewan Rakyat, which is the House of Representatives, and Dewan Negara, the Senate.The members of the Dewan Rakyat are elected in general elections or by-elections, whereas the members of the Dewan Negara are either appointed by the king, in recognition of outstanding service to their country or chosen by the states. Each state appoints a number of senators proportional to its size.
Currently, the Dewan Negara has 70 seats while the Dewan Rakyat has 219. Of the 219 seats in the Dewan Rakyat, as of 2006, 199 are held by the ruling Barisan Nasional and 20 by opposition parties.
Members of Parliament are styled Yang Berhormat ("Honourable") with the initials Y.B. appended prenominally. A prince who is a Member of Parliament is styled Yang Berhormat Mulia.
- See also: Parliament of Malaysia
Netherlands
The parlement of the Netherlands consist of two chambers; together they are know as parlement or "Staten-Generaal", literally Estates-General. The First Chamber is also know as the Senate and its members as "senatoren", senators. The Second Chamber, "Tweede Kamer", is the most important one. The important debates take place here. Also, the Second Chamber can edit proposed laws with amendments and it can propose laws itself. The Senate doesn't have these possibilities. Its function is more a technical reviewing of laws. It can only pass a law or reject it. Both chambers are in The Hague which is the seat of parlement but not the official capital of The Netherlands -that is Amsterdam.The 150 members of the Second Chamber are elected by general elections every 4 years (unless the government falls). The 75 members of the Senate are elected indirectly. The members of the 12 provincial parlements elect the senators. The value of a vote of a member of a provincial parlement is relative to the population of the province. Provincial parlements are elected by general elections each 4 years.
See also (in Dutch): , , en
New Zealand
New Zealand has a single-chambered (unicameral) parliament. In New Zealand, Member of Parliament is the term for a member of the New Zealand House of Representatives, although parliament technically consists of both the House and the Queen. The New Zealand House of Representatives normally has 120 MPs, elected every three years. There are 69 electorate (constituency) MPs, 7 of whom are elected by Māori who have chosen to vote in special Māori seats. The remaining 51 MPs are elected from party lists. As of 2007, the speaker of the house is Margaret Wilson.Before 1951, New Zealand had a two-chambered (bicameral) parliament, and there were two designations — MHR (Member of the House of Representatives, the body which survives today) and MLC (Member of the Legislative Council).
- See also: New Zealand Parliament
Pakistan
In Pakistan, Member of Parliament refers to a member of Parliament (National Assembly of Pakistan, Qaumi Assembly). The National Assembly is based in Islamabad.Poland
- Further information: Poseł
Singapore
In Singapore, Members of Parliament refers to elected members of the Parliament of Singapore, the appointed Non-Constituency Members of Parliament from the opposition, as well as the Nominated Members of Parliament, who may be appointed from members of the public who have no connection to any political party in Singapore.- See also: Cabinet of Singapore
Sri Lanka
In Sri Lanka, Members of Parliament refers to elected and nominated members of the Parliament of Sri Lanka.Sweden
In Sweden, Members of Parliament refers to the elected members of the Swedish Riksdag.Thailand
In the Kingdom of Thailand, Members of Parliament refers to the elected members of the National Assembly of Thailand. Following the military coup d'état on September 19, 2006, all its 500 members are suspended from duty until the next election.United Kingdom
The United Kingdom has members of three different parliaments:- Members of Parliament (which refers to members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, abbreviated to MP(s) but only in reference to members of the (lower) House of Commons)
- Members of the European Parliament (MEPs'')
- Members of the Scottish Parliament (MSPs) (Elected members of the pre-Union Parliament of Scotland were called Commissioners.)
The Northern Ireland Assembly's 108 members are elected from 18 six-member constituencies on the basis of universal adult suffrage. The constituencies used are the same as those used for elections to the Westminster Parliament. Elected members are known as Members of the Legislative Assembly (MLA). The Assembly has authority to legislate in a field of competences known as "transferred matters". These matters are not enumerated in the Northern Ireland Act 1998. Rather, they include any competence not explicitly retained by the Parliament at Westminster. Uniquely, Assembly legislation is open to judicial review.
Between 1921 and 1973, Northern Ireland was governed by the Parliament of Northern Ireland, a devolved assembly whose members were known as Members of Parliament.
MPs in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom are elected in general elections and by-elections to represent constituencies by the first-past-the-post system of election, and may remain MPs until Parliament is dissolved, which must occur within 5 years of the last General Election, as stated in the Parliament Act 1911.
Members of the House of Lords are not MPs but Lords of Parliament, and sit either for life in the case of the Lords Temporal, or so long as they continue to occupy their ecclesiastical positions in the case of the Lords Spiritual. Hereditary Peers may no longer pass on their seat and those remaining have been elected by themselves, following the House of Lords Act 1999. Their numbers remain at 92 by top-up voting ("by-election") when a member dies, however Lord Avebury’s House of Lords (Amendment) Bill (HL Bill 51) paves the way for their gradual extinction and this may be enacted before grand constitutional reform occurs. Such major reform is likely to be somewhat prolonged based on the Lords' resistance to suggested proposals in February 2007.[3]
There are several special members of Parliament, including the Prime Minister, other government ministers in the Commons, the Chief Whip of each party, Privy Counsellors, and the Speaker of the House.
A candidate to become a Member of Parliament must be a British or Irish or Commonwealth citizen, must be over 18, and must not be a public official or officeholder, as set out in the schedule to the Electoral Administration Act 2006[1] (this was a reduction in the lower age limit, as candidates needed to be 21 until the law came into effect in 2006).
Members of Parliament are technically forbidden to resign their seats (though they are not forbidden from refusing to seek re-election). In order to leave the house between elections, they must either die or take advantage of the rule that appointment to a "paid office under the Crown" disqualifies an MP from sitting in the Commons, and two nominally paid offices - the Chiltern Hundreds and the Manor of Northstead - exist to allow members to resign from the House. For more information, see the article Resignation from the British House of Commons.
The basic salary of an MP in the House of Commons was increased to £60,277 on 1 November 2006. Many MPs (ministers, the Speaker, senior opposition leaders etc) receive a supplementary salary for their specific responsibilities. As of the 1 April 2006 increment these range from £25,255 for junior whips to £126,085 for the Prime Minister. [2]
- See also: List of British MPs
Other countries
MPs are also representatives in other parliamentary democracies that do not follow the Westminster system. Their functions are very much the same, yet the post is usually referred to in a different fashion such as Deputé in France, Diputado in Spain and many Latin American (Hispanic) countries, Deputado in Portugal and Brazil, Deputato in Italy or Mitglied des Bundestages (MdB) in Germany.Notes
1. ^ It was resolved at a meeting (19/10/2000) of the Commonwealth Parliamentary Association (Qld branch) that Members of the Legislative Assembly should be known as MP rather than MLA.
2. ^ Journals of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario, April 7, 1938. See also the Legislative Assembly Act, R.S.O. 1990, which refers to "members of the Assembly".
3. ^ [3]
2. ^ Journals of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario, April 7, 1938. See also the Legislative Assembly Act, R.S.O. 1990, which refers to "members of the Assembly".
3. ^ [3]
A legislature is a type of representative deliberative assembly with the power to adopt laws.
Legislatures are known by many names, the most common being parliament and congress, although these terms also have more specific meanings.
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Legislatures are known by many names, the most common being parliament and congress, although these terms also have more specific meanings.
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A legislature is a type of representative deliberative assembly with the power to adopt laws.
Legislatures are known by many names, the most common being parliament and congress, although these terms also have more specific meanings.
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Legislatures are known by many names, the most common being parliament and congress, although these terms also have more specific meanings.
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This is a list of legislatures by country, whether parliamentary or congressional, that act as a plenary general assembly of representatives with the power to legislate. In the lists below all entities included in the list of countries are included.
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parliament is a legislature, especially in those countries whose system of government is based on the Westminster system modelled after that of the United Kingdom. The name is derived from the French parlement, the action of parler (to speak): a parlement
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Parliamentary group and parliamentary party are terms used to refer to the representation of a political party or electoral fusion of parties in a legislative assembly such as a parliament or in a city council.
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The chairperson of a fraction is in parliamentary system with strong party discipline an influential political post. When the party is in opposition or a minor partner in a governing coalition he or she is often the political leader of a party and often the main media contact.
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In politics, a congress ("a gathering of people") is the name of the main legislative body in a state that operates under a congressional system of government. In non-political usage congress is a term applied to a large national or international grouping of people meeting together
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worldwide view.
A Congressman or Congresswoman is a politician who is a member of a Congress. In countries with a parliament rather than a congress, MP (Member of Parliament) is used instead; however, this can be adapted (see below).
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Unicameralism is the practice of having only one legislative or parliamentary chamber. Many countries with unicameral legislatures are often small and homogeneous unitary states and consider an upper house or second chamber unnecessary.
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bicameralism (bi + Latin camera, chamber) is the practice of having two legislative or parliamentary chambers. Thus, a bicameral parliament or bicameral legislature is a legislature which consists of two chambers or houses.
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Tricameralism is the practice of having three legislative or parliamentary chambers. It is contrasted to unicameralism and bicameralism, both of which are far more common.
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Many parliaments or other legislatures consist of two chambers: an elected lower house, and an upper house or Senate which may be appointed or elected by a different mechanism from the lower house. This style of two houses is called bicameral.
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upper house is one of two chambers of a bicameral legislature, the other chamber being the lower house.
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Possible specific characteristics
An upper house is usually distinct from the lower house in at least one of the following respects:..... Click the link for more information.
senate is a deliberative body, often the upper house or chamber of a legislature. There have been many such bodies in history, the first of which was the Roman Senate.
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Overview
The word senate is derived from the Latin word senatus..... Click the link for more information.
lower house is one of two chambers of a bicameral legislature, the other chamber being the upper house.
Despite its theoretical position "below" the upper house, in many legislatures worldwide the lower house has come to wield more power.
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Despite its theoretical position "below" the upper house, in many legislatures worldwide the lower house has come to wield more power.
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red and orange—the former being constitutional monarchies where authority is vested in a parliament, and the latter being parliamentary republics whose parliaments are effectively supreme over a separate head of state.
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worldwide view of the subject.
Please [ improve this article] or discuss the issue on the talk page.
A city council is a form of local government, usually covering a city or other urban area, such as a town.Please [ improve this article] or discuss the issue on the talk page.
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councillor (Cllr or Clr for short) is a member of a council (such as a city council), particularly in the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa and other parts of the Commonwealth, as well as in the Republic of Ireland.
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parliament is a legislature, especially in those countries whose system of government is based on the Westminster system modelled after that of the United Kingdom. The name is derived from the French parlement, the action of parler (to speak): a parlement
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senate is a deliberative body, often the upper house or chamber of a legislature. There have been many such bodies in history, the first of which was the Roman Senate.
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Overview
The word senate is derived from the Latin word senatus..... Click the link for more information.
Parliamentary group and parliamentary party are terms used to refer to the representation of a political party or electoral fusion of parties in a legislative assembly such as a parliament or in a city council.
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political party is a political organization that seeks to attain political power within a government, usually by participating in electoral campaigns. Parties often espouse a certain ideology and vision, but may also represent a coalition among disparate interests.
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Anthem
Advance Australia Fair [1]
Capital Canberra
Largest city Sydney
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Advance Australia Fair [1]
Capital Canberra
Largest city Sydney
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Australian House of Representatives
Type Lower house
Speaker of the House David Hawker, Liberal
since November 16, 2004
Members 150
Political groups Liberal Party (74)
ALP (60)
National Party (12)
Country Liberal Party (1)
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Type Lower house
Speaker of the House David Hawker, Liberal
since November 16, 2004
Members 150
Political groups Liberal Party (74)
ALP (60)
National Party (12)
Country Liberal Party (1)
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Australia
This article is part of the series:
Politics of Australia
Federal Government
Executive
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This article is part of the series:
Politics of Australia
Federal Government
Executive
- Queen (Queen Elizabeth II)
- Governor-General (Michael Jeffery)
- Prime Minister (John Howard)
- Cabinet
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Queensland
Flag Coat of Arms
Slogan or Nickname: Sunshine State, Smart State
Motto(s): "Audax at Fidelis" (Bold but Faithful)
Other Australian states and territories
Capital Brisbane
Government Constitutional monarchy
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Flag Coat of Arms
Slogan or Nickname: Sunshine State, Smart State
Motto(s): "Audax at Fidelis" (Bold but Faithful)
Other Australian states and territories
Capital Brisbane
Government Constitutional monarchy
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Unicameralism is the practice of having only one legislative or parliamentary chamber. Many countries with unicameral legislatures are often small and homogeneous unitary states and consider an upper house or second chamber unnecessary.
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Parliament of Queensland is the legislature of Queensland, Australia. According to the state's constitution, the Parliament consists of the the Queen and the Legislative Assembly.
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A Member of the Legislative Assembly, or MLA, is a representative elected by the voters of an electoral district to the legislature or legislative assembly of a subnational jurisdiction.
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