Meloxicam

Information about Meloxicam

Meloxicam is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug used to relieve the symptoms of arthritis, primary dysmenorrhea, fever; and as an analgesic, especially where there is an inflammatory component. It has been developed by Boehringer-Ingelheim. It is closely related to piroxicam.

In Europe it is marketed under the brand names Movalis, Melox, and Recoxa. In the U.S. it is generally marketed under the brand name Mobic, in Canada as Mobicox. In Latin America, the drug is marketed as Tenaron.

Mechanism of action

Main article: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug

Meloxicam is an NSAID and belongs to the class of drugs called enolic acid group, structurally related to piroxicam. Meloxicam significantly decreased symptoms of pain, function, and stiffness in patients, with a low incidence of gastrointestinal side effects. In models, it exhibits anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic activities. Its mechanism of action may be related to prostaglandin synthetase (cyclooxygenase) (COX) inhibition.

Meloxicam has been shown, especially at its low therapeutic dose, to selectively inhibit COX-2 over COX-1.

A primary advantage of the Oxicam family of drugs is their long half-life which permits once-day dosing.

Adverse effects

Meloxicam use can result in gastrointestinal toxicity and bleeding, tinnitus, headache, rash, very dark or black stool (sign of intestinal bleeding). The risk of adverse side effects is lower than with piroxicam, diclofenac, or naproxen. Although meloxicam does inhibit thromboxane A, it does not appear to do so at levels that would interfere with platelet function.

In rare situations, it could cause serious liver disease. If there is a sensation of fatigue and/or liver pain, intake must be ceased.

Approval status

Meloxicam is licensed in Europe for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, for short term use in osteoarthritis and for ankylosing spondylitis. It has recently (as of 2004) been approved for use in treating osteoarthritis in the United States.

Veterinary use

Meloxicam is also used in the veterinary field, most commonly in dogs and cattle, but also in other animals such as cats and exotics. It is marketed under the brand name Metacam. It has similar side effects in animals as humans, but principal side effects are gastrointestinal irritation (vomiting, diarrhea and ulceration). Rarer but important side effects include liver and kidney toxicity. The safety of using Meloxicam in cats over longer periods has not been established.

References

Drugs.com meloxicam profile

• • [ e] Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (primarily M01A and M02A, also N02BA)
Salicylates	Aspirin (Acetylsalicylic Acid), Diflunisal, Ethenzamide, Salicin
Arylalkanoic acids	Diclofenac, Etodolac, Indometacin, Nabumetone, Sulindac
2-Arylpropionic acids (profens)	Carprofen, Flurbiprofen, Ibuprofen, Ketoprofen, Ketorolac, Loxoprofen, Naproxen, Oxaprozin, Suprofen, Tiaprofenic acid
N-Arylanthranilic acids (fenamic acids)	Mefenamic acid
Pyrazolidine derivatives	Phenylbutazone
Oxicams	Meloxicam, Piroxicam
Coxibs	Celecoxib, Etoricoxib, Parecoxib, Rofecoxib, Valdecoxib, Lumiracoxib
Sulphonanilides	Nimesulide
Topically used products	Diclofenac, Flurbiprofen, Ibuprofen, Indometacin, Ketoprofen, Naproxen, Piroxicam, Suprofen''

• • [ e]

Anti-inflammatory and antirheumatic products (M01)

Anti-inflammatory and
antirheumatic products, non-steroids

Butylpyrazolidines (Phenylbutazone, Mofebutazone, Oxyphenbutazone, Clofezone, Kebuzone) - Acetic acid derivatives and related substances (Indometacin, Sulindac, Tolmetin, Zomepirac, Diclofenac, Alclofenac, Bumadizone, Etodolac, Lonazolac, Fentiazac, Acemetacin, Difenpiramide, Oxametacin, Proglumetacin, Ketorolac, Aceclofenac, Bufexamac) - Oxicams (Piroxicam, Tenoxicam, Droxicam, Lornoxicam, Meloxicam) - Propionic acid derivatives (Ibuprofen, Naproxen, Ketoprofen, Fenoprofen, Fenbufen, Benoxaprofen, Suprofen, Pirprofen, Flurbiprofen, Indoprofen, Tiaprofenic acid, Oxaprozin, Ibuproxam, Dexibuprofen, Flunoxaprofen, Alminoprofen, Dexketoprofen) - Fenamates (Mefenamic acid, Tolfenamic acid, Flufenamic acid, Meclofenamic acid) - Coxibs (Celecoxib, Rofecoxib, Valdecoxib, Parecoxib, Etoricoxib, Lumiracoxib) - other anti-inflammatory and antirheumatic agents, non-steroids (Nabumetone, Niflumic acid, Azapropazone, Glucosamine, Benzydamine, Glucosaminoglycan polysulfate, Proquazone, Orgotein, Nimesulide, Feprazone, Diacerein, Morniflumate, Tenidap, Oxaceprol, Chondroitin sulfate)

Specific antirheumatic agents

Quinolines (Oxycinchophen) - Gold preparations (Sodium aurothiomalate, Sodium aurothiosulfate, Auranofin, Aurothioglucose, Aurotioprol) - Penicillamine/Bucillamine

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, usually abbreviated to NSAIDs, are drugs with analgesic, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory effects - they reduce pain, fever and inflammation.
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MeSH D001168 Arthritis (from Greek arthro-, joint + -itis, inflammation; plural: arthritides) is a group of conditions where there is damage caused to the joints of the body. Arthritis is the leading cause of disability in people over the age of 55.
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Dysmenorrhea (or dysmenorrhoea), cramps or painful menstruation, involves menstrual periods that are accompanied by either sharp, intermittent pain or dull, aching pain, usually in the pelvis or lower abdomen.
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Fever
Classifications and external resources

ICD-10 R 50.
ICD-9 780.6

DiseasesDB .htm 18924 |]

Fever (also known as pyrexia, or a febrile response from the Latin word febris
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An analgesic (colloquially known as a painkiller) is any member of the diverse group of drugs used to relieve pain (achieve analgesia). The word analgesic derives from Greek an- ("without") and -algia ("pain").
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Inflammation (Latin, inflammatio, to set on fire) is the complex biological response of vascular tissues to harmful stimuli, such as pathogens, damaged cells, or irritants.
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Boehringer Ingelheim GmbH

Pharmaceuticals/Private
Founded Germany (1885)
Headquarters Binger Str. 173
55216 Ingelheim
Germany

Key people Dr. Alessandro Banchi, Chairman
Dr Andreas Barner, Vice Chairman
Professor Marbod Muff, Head of Finance
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Piroxicam (marketed in the U.S. under the trade name Feldene) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug used to relieve the symptoms of rheumatoid and osteoarthritis, primary dysmenorrhoea, postoperative pain; and act as an analgesic, especially where there is an
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Anti-inflammatory refers to the property of a substance or treatment that reduces inflammation. Anti-inflammatory drugs make up one half of analgesics, remedying pain by reducing inflammation as opposed to opioids which affect the brain.
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Antipyretic drugs are drugs that lower your body temperature from a raised state. However, they will not affect the normal body temperature if one does not have fever.

Antipyretics cause the hypothalamus to override an interleukin-induced increase in temperature.
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Identifiers
Symbol PTGS2

Entrez 5743
HUGO 9605
OMIM 600262

RefSeq NM_000963
UniProt P35354
Other data
EC number 1.14.99.1
Locus Chr. 1 q25.2-25.3 Cyclooxygenase (COX) is an enzyme (EC 1.14.99.
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This article or section needs copy editing for grammar, style, cohesion, tone and/or spelling.
You can assist by [ editing it] now. A how-to guide is available, as is general .
This article has been tagged since October 2007.
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Diclofenac (marketed as Voltaren, Voltarol, Diclon, Dicloflex Difen, Difene, Cataflam, Pennsaid, Rhumalgan, Modifenac, Abitren, Arthrotec and Zolterol
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Naproxen (INN) (IPA: [nəˈprɒksən]) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) commonly used for the reduction of moderate to severe pain, fever, inflammation and stiffness caused by conditions such as
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Thromboxane is a member of the family of lipids known as eicosanoids. The two major thromboxanes are thromboxane A2 and thromboxane B2.

Thromboxane is named for its role in clot formation (thrombosis).
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Platelets, or thrombocytes, are the cell fragments circulating in the blood that are involved in the cellular mechanisms of primary hemostasis leading to the formation of blood clots.
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liver is an organ present in vertebrates and some other animals. It plays a major role in metabolism and has a number of functions in the body, including glycogen storage, decomposition of red blood cells, plasma protein synthesis, and detoxification.
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Rheumatoid arthritis
Classification & external resources

ICD-10 M 05. -M 06.
ICD-9 714

OMIM 180300
DiseasesDB 11506
MedlinePlus 000431
eMedicine med/2024 emerg/48 pmr/124
MeSH D001172

Rheumatoid arthritis (
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Osteoarthritis
Classification & external resources

ICD-10 M 15. -M 19. , M 47.
ICD-9 715

OMIM 165720
DiseasesDB 9313
MedlinePlus 000423
eMedicine med/1682 orthoped/427 pmr/93 radio/492
MeSH D010003

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Ankylosing spondylitis
Classification & external resources

ICD-10 M 08.1 , M 45.
ICD-9 720.0

OMIM 106300
DiseasesDB 728
MedlinePlus 000420
eMedicine radio/41
MeSH D013167 Ankylosing spondylitis (AS
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Veterinary medicine is the application of medical, diagnostic, and therapeutic principles to companion, domestic, exotic, wildlife, and production animals. Veterinary science
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Metacam® is the brand name for the drug Meloxicam intended for veterinary use. It is marketed by Boehringer-Ingelheim Vetmedica.

Metacam® is widely prescribed to provide relief from both acute and chronic pain in dogs, and acute pain in cats.
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An ulcer (from Latin ulcus) is an open sore of the skin, eyes or mucous membrane, often caused, but not exclusively, by an initial abrasion and generally maintained by an inflammation, an infection, and/or medical conditions which impede healing.
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Salicylic acid (from the Latin word for the willow tree, Salix from whose bark it can be obtained) is a beta hydroxy acid (BHA) with the formula C₆H₄(OH)CO₂H, where the OH group is adjacent to the carboxyl group.
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