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Information about Manicure

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Long, manicured nails are a fashion statement.


A manicure is a cosmetic beauty treatment for the fingernails and hands. A manicure treatment can be just for the hands or nails, or can be for both. A common manicure found is the filing, shaping of the nails and the application of polish. There are also manicure services that are specialties for the hands and feet. For the hands, the soaking of a softening substance and the application of a lotion is a common specialty. Another common specialty is applying this similar treatment of lotion to the feet, called pedicure. The word "manicure" derives from Latin: manus for hand, cura for "care".

Manicures often include the filing, polishing, and painting of fingernails. A manicure may also include the application of artificial nail tips, acrylics or artificial nail gels. Some manicures can include the painting of pictures or designs on the nails or applying small decals or imitation jewels.

In many areas, manicurists are licensed and follow regulation. Since skin is manipulated and is sometimes trimmed, there is a certain risk of spreading infection when tools are used across many people and therefore sanitation is a serious issue.

History

Manicures began 5000 years ago. In India, henna was used for manicure. The term mehendi, used synonymously for henna, derives from the Sanskrit mehandika.[1] Much of the modern revival of henna derives from its popularity in India. Cixi, dowager empress of China, was said to wear very long artificial nails.[2]

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Ex-servicewomen learning manicure techniques, 1945

Fashion nails

In the late 20th century, artificial nails for women became widely popular. The artificial nails are not a replacement, but an extension for natural nails. There are two main approaches to creating artificial nails—tips and forms. Tips are made of lightweight plastic plates that are "nail" shaped. They are glued on the end of the natural nail and acrylic is then applied over the entire nail. Forms are fit over the nail and then an artificial nail is molded out of acrylic and the form is removed and then properly shaped and buffed to a shine. There are several popular techniques that can be used to create longer better looking nail enhancements. One popular material commonly called "acrylics" is a mixture of a polymer powder and a liquid monomer (e.g.ethylmethacrylate). The mixture starts to harden in 30–40 seconds after application and continues to cure to final hardness typically for more than an hour. Powder and liquid acrylics can be removed in 20 minutes using a variety of solvents (usually acetone is used). Another material, commonly called "UV gel", (in correct chemical terms a polymer resin) hardens under ultraviolet light. Depending on brand these can show a broader variety of quality and properties (flexibility, strength, etc.) but may be more expensive. They generally cannot be removed by organic solvents, but only be removed by filing (or left to grow out with the natural nail). Another popular alternative to acrylic or gel preparations are Fiberglass or Silk wraps. They are done by cutting pieces of actual fiberglass or silk fabric to fit on the surface of the nail or tip and then it is sealed down with a resin or glue. These are a possible alternative for those who are allergic to chemicals used in the acrylic or gel process. Other materials can be used, as well as combinations of them. There are also temporary, cheaper flexible tips that can be quickly glued at home without help from a professional. Acrylic nail powders are available in a variety of colours and can use "special effects" such as contours, sparkles and the very popular French Manicure (pink and white appearance).
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Example of a French Manicure


These fashion trends are not without risks, as residues of acrylic resins have been known to lead to redness, swelling, pain and even severe allergic reactions. The nail can separate from the nail bed, and if the nail root becomes damaged, the replacement can be permanently deformed. As well, nail glue is poisonous if accidentally swallowed and a few nail polishes and removers contain toxic formaldehyde or acetone[1].

Paraffin treatments

The hands can be dipped in melted paraffin or wax. This is meant to impart heat to the hand for the purposes of relaxing the skin and making it better able to absorb lotion, which is sometimes rubbed on the hand before submersion into the paraffin. The hand is usually dipped more than once to allow a thicker wax coat to form, making the coating stay warm for longer and less likely to break or tear prematurely. After the hands have been dipped in the wax, they are wrapped in either plastic or tin foil, then covered with cloth to retain warmth.

The hands are left for a few minutes before the paraffin, cooled and dried.

Paraffin wax can be infused with various botanical ingredients such as Aloe vera, chamomile, tea tree oil, and azulene. Fruit waxes such as peach, apple and strawberry are often used in salons.

Hot oil manicure

A hot oil manicure is a specific type of manicure that cleans the cuticles and softens them with oil. It works well for dry skin and nails that are brittle as it improves both by leaving them soft and pliable. Types of oils that can be used are mineral oil, olive oil or commercial preparation in an electric heater.[3]

The Standard Manicure Process

A manicurist prepares for a customer by ensuring that the working area and tools are sanitized and conveniently located and there is proper lighting.

Common manicure tools and supplies

Tools
  • Bowl of warm water or fingerbath
  • Nail clippers
  • Cuticle knife and clippers
  • Cuticle pusher/Hoof stick
  • Nail file/emery board, buffer, scissors and brush
  • Orange Stick
Supplies
  • Cuticle remover * this is caustic and MUST be rinsed off the skin after use, oil and cream
  • Massage lotion
  • Nail polish
  • Base coat polish & ridge filler polish
  • Color varnish
  • Top coat or sealant
  • Nail polish remover or nail polish remover wipes
  • Hand cream
  • Sanitizing spray/towels
  • Cotton balls/pads
  • Hand towels

Speciality manicures

See also

External links

Manicure No.1 LNG Nails E-zine

References

nail is a horn-like structure at the end of a human's or an animal's finger or toe. See also claw.

Parts of the nail

Anatomically fingernails and toenails
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The hands (med./lat.: manus, pl. manūs) are the two intricate, prehensile, multi-fingered body parts normally located at the end of each arm (medically: "terminating each anterior limb/appendage") of a human or other primate.
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Nail polish or nail varnish is a lacquer that is applied to the nails of both the fingers and toes, usually cosmetically, but also as protection for the nails. The act of simply polishing the nails without applying a chemical layer afterwards is called nail buffing.
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lotion is a low- to medium-viscosity, topical preparation intended for application to unbroken skin. Most lotions are oil-in-water emulsions, but water-in-oil lotions are also formulated.
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Foot may refer to:
  • The foot of humans and other animals
  • Foot (unit of length)
  • Foot (prosody), a term used to define meter in poetry
  • Foot (sewing), part of a sewing machine
  • Foot (sailing), the lower edge of a sail

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cite any references or sources. Please help improve this article by citing reliable sources.

Please help [ improve the article] or discuss these issues on the talk page. A pedicure is a way to improve the appearance of the feet, and their nails.
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Latin}}} 
Official status
Official language of: Vatican City
Used for official purposes, but not spoken in everyday speech
Regulated by: Opus Fundatum Latinitas
Roman Catholic Church
Language codes
ISO 639-1: la
ISO 639-2: lat
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Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) or poly (methyl 2-methylpropanoate) is the synthetic polymer of methyl methacrylate. This thermoplastic and transparent plastic is sold by the tradenames Plexiglas, Limacryl, R-Cast, Perspex, Plazcryl
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decal (IPA pronunciation: [dɛkˈl]) or transfer is a plastic, cloth paper or ceramic substrate that has printed on it a pattern that can be moved to another surface upon contact, usually with the aid of heat or
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GemStone can mean:
  • Gemstone, a type of mineral
  • GemStone IV (or GemStone III), an online multiplayer game by Simutronics Corporation
  • GemStone Systems, a data management company


A gemstone, gem or also called
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An infection is the detrimental colonization of a host organism by a foreign species. In an infection, the infecting organism seeks to utilize the host's resources to multiply (usually at the expense of the host).
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Sanitation is the hygienic means of preventing human contact from the hazards of wastes to promote health. Hazards can be either physical, microbiological, biological or chemical agents of disease.
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Lawsonia

Species: Lawsonia inermis
L.

Henna or Hina (Lawsonia inermis, syn. L.
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Cixi may refer to:
  • Empress Dowager Cixi
  • Cixi City

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twentieth century of the Common Era began on January 1, 1901 and ended on December 31, 2000, according to the Gregorian calendar. Some historians consider the era from about 1914 to 1991 to be the Short Twentieth Century.
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Acrylic may refer to:
  • chemical compounds that contain the acryl group derived from acrylic acid
  • Acrylic fiber, a synthetic polymer fiber that contains at least 85% acrylonitrile

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The chemical compound acetone (also known as propanone, dimethyl ketone, 2-propanone, propan-2-one and β-ketopropane) is the simplest representative of the ketones.
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polymer is a substance composed of molecules with large molecular mass composed of repeating structural units, or monomers, connected by covalent chemical bonds. The word is derived from the Greek, πολυ, polu, "many"; and μέρος, meros,
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Resin or Rosin (Oxford dictionary) is a hydrocarbon secretion of many plants, particularly coniferous trees, valued for its chemical constituents and uses such as varnishes, adhesives, as an important source of raw materials for organic synthesis, or for incense and
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Ultraviolet (UV) light is electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength shorter than that of visible light, but longer than soft X-rays. It is so named because the spectrum starts with wavelengths slightly shorter than the wavelengths humans identify as the color violet
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French manicures, an idea originated in Paris, are characterized by a natural pink base nail with white tips. It resembles a natural nail. The tips of the nail are painted white while the rest of the nail is polished in a pink or a suitable nude shade.
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Formaldehyde (methanal) is the chemical compound with the formula H2CO. The simplest aldehyde, it was first synthesized by the Russian chemist Aleksandr Butlerov but was conclusively identified by August Wilhelm von Hofmann.
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The chemical compound acetone (also known as propanone, dimethyl ketone, 2-propanone, propan-2-one and β-ketopropane) is the simplest representative of the ketones.
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Paraffin is a common name for a group of alkane hydrocarbons with the general formula CnH2n+2, where n is the number of carbon atoms. The simplest paraffin molecule is that of methane, CH4, a gas at room temperature.
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Wax has traditionally referred to a substance that is secreted by bees (beeswax) and used by them in constructing their honeycombs.
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Not to be confused with lightning.
Lighting includes both artificial light sources such as lamps and natural illumination of interiors from daylight.
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A nail clipper or nail trimmer is a mechanical device used to trim fingernails and toenails. Nail clippers are usually made of metal. Two common varieties are the plier type and the lever type. Both are common household objects.
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Nail polish or nail varnish is a lacquer that is applied to the nails of both the fingers and toes, usually cosmetically, but also as protection for the nails. The act of simply polishing the nails without applying a chemical layer afterwards is called nail buffing.
..... Click the link for more information.
French manicures, an idea originated in Paris, are characterized by a natural pink base nail with white tips. It resembles a natural nail. The tips of the nail are painted white while the rest of the nail is polished in a pink or a suitable nude shade.
..... Click the link for more information.
cite any references or sources. Please help improve this article by citing reliable sources.

Please help [ improve the article] or discuss these issues on the talk page. A pedicure is a way to improve the appearance of the feet, and their nails.
..... Click the link for more information.


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