Information about Locus (genetics)
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Short and long arms
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Chromosome.
(1) Chromatid. One of the two identical parts of the chromosome after S phase.
(2) Centromere. The point where the two chromatids touch, and where the microtubules attach.
(3) Short arm
(4) Long arm.
(1) Chromatid. One of the two identical parts of the chromosome after S phase.
(2) Centromere. The point where the two chromatids touch, and where the microtubules attach.
(3) Short arm
(4) Long arm.
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In biology and evolutionary computation, a locus (plural loci) is a fixed position on a chromosome, such as the position of a gene or a biomarker (genetic marker). A variant of the DNA sequence at a given locus is called an allele. The ordered list of loci known for a particular genome is called a genetic map. Gene mapping is the process of determining the locus for a particular biological trait.
Diploid and polyploid cells whose chromosomes have the same allele at some locus are called homozygous, while those that have different alleles at a locus, heterozygous.
Nomenclature
The chromosomal locus of a gene might be written "6p21.3".| Component | Explanation |
| 6 | The chromosome number. |
| p | The position is on the chromosome's short arm (p for petit in French); q indicates the long arm. |
| 21.3 | The numbers following the letter represent the position on the arm: band 21, sub-band 3. The bands are visible under a microscope when the chromosome is suitably stained. Each of the bands is numbered, beginning with 1 for the band nearest the centromere. Sub-bands and sub-sub-bands are visible at higher resolution. |
A range of locations is specified in a similar way. For example, the locus of gene OCA1 may be written "11q1.4-q2.1", meaning it is on the long arm of chromosome 11, somewhere in the range of sub-band 4 of band 1, and sub-band 1 of band 2.
The ends of a chromosome are labeled "ptel" and "qtel", and so "2qtel" refers to the telomere of the long arm of chromosome 2.
External links
Biology (from Greek: βίος, bio, "life"; and λόγος, logos, "knowledge"), also referred to as the biological sciences, is the scientific study of life.
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In computer science evolutionary computation is a subfield of artificial intelligence (more particularly computational intelligence) that involves combinatorial optimization problems.
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Figure 1: A representation of a condensed eukaryotic chromosome, as seen during cell division.]] A chromosome is a single large macromolecule of DNA, and constitutes a physically organized form of DNA in a cell.
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For a non-technical introduction to the topic, see .
A gene is a locatable region of genomic sequence, corresponding to a unit of inheritance, which is associated with regulatory regions, transcribed regions and/or other functional sequence regions...... Click the link for more information.
A genetic marker is a known DNA sequence that can be identified by a simple assay.
It can be described as some sort of variation present can arise due to mutation or alteration in the genomic loci that can be observed.
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It can be described as some sort of variation present can arise due to mutation or alteration in the genomic loci that can be observed.
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For the hard rock band, see .
An allele (Pronounced: /əˈlil/) is a viable DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) coding that occupies a given locus (position) on a chromosome...... Click the link for more information.
In biology the genome of an organism is its whole hereditary information and is encoded in the DNA (or, for some viruses, RNA). This includes both the genes and the non-coding sequences of the DNA.
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Genetic linkage occurs when particular genetic loci or alleles for genes are inherited jointly. Genetic loci on the same chromosome are physically connected and tend to segregate together during meiosis, and are thus genetically linked.
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Gene mapping is the creation of a genetic map assigning DNA fragments to chromosomes.
When a genome is first investigated, this map is non existent. The map improves with the scientific progress and is perfect when the genomic DNA sequencing of the species has been completed.
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When a genome is first investigated, this map is non existent. The map improves with the scientific progress and is perfect when the genomic DNA sequencing of the species has been completed.
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character is an attribute of an organism that allows it to be compared with another. In genetics this refers to heritable features which can exist in more than one state.[1] A trait
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Polyploidy is the condition of some biological cells and organisms manifested by the presence of more than two homologous sets of chromosomes. Polyploid types are termed according to the number of chromosome sets in the nucleus: triploid (three sets; 3x),
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Zygosity refers to the genetic condition of a zygote. In genetics, zygosity describes the similarity or dissimilarity of DNA between homologous chromosomes at a specific allelic position or gene.
Every gene in a diploid organism has two alleles at the gene's locus.
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Every gene in a diploid organism has two alleles at the gene's locus.
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Zygosity refers to the genetic condition of a zygote. In genetics, zygosity describes the similarity or dissimilarity of DNA between homologous chromosomes at a specific allelic position or gene.
Every gene in a diploid organism has two alleles at the gene's locus.
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Every gene in a diploid organism has two alleles at the gene's locus.
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centromere is a region of chromosomes with a special sequence and structure. The centromere plays a role in cellular division and the control of gene expression.
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Function
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A telomere is a region of highly repetitive DNA at the end of a linear chromosome that functions as a disposable buffer. Every time linear chromosomes are replicated during late S phase, the DNA polymerase complex is incapable of replicating all the way to the end of the
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