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Information about List Of Biomolecules

This page aims to list articles on Wikipedia that describe particular biomolecules or types of biomolecules.

This list is not necessarily complete or up to date - if you see an article that should be here but isn't (or one that shouldn't be here but is), please update the page accordingly.

See also: Chemical compound, Organic compound, biochemistry.

Similar lists: List of compounds, List of organic compounds, List of proteins

A

For substances with an A- or α- prefix such as α-amylase, please see the parent page (in this case Amylase).

B

C

D

E

F

G

H

I

J

K

L

For substances with an l- or L- prefix such as L-alanine or DL-alanine, please see the parent page (in this case alanine).

M

N

None

O

P

Q

R

S

T

U

V

W

X

Y

Z

biomolecule is a chemical molecule that naturally occurs in living organisms. Biomolecules consist primarily of carbon and hydrogen, along with nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus and sulfur. Other elements sometimes are incorporated but are much less common.
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organic compounds]] An organic compound is any member of a large class of chemical compounds whose molecules contain carbon; for historical reasons discussed below, a few types of compounds such as carbonates, carbon oxides and cyanides, as well as elemental carbon are
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Biochemistry is the study of the chemical processes in living organisms.[1] The word "biochemistry" comes from the Greek word βιοχημεία biochēmeia, which means "the chemistry of life.
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The original list from this page has been split into the following three lists, as the number of compounds became too long. Please see the appropriate list:
  • List of inorganic compounds, compounds without a C-H bond
  • List of organic compounds, compounds with a C-H bond

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Table of contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

A

For substances with an A- or α- prefix such as α-Terpinene, please see the parent page (in this case Terpinene).
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A list of proteins (and protein complexes). This list aims to organize information on the protein universe.

All proteins can be found in the human proteome unless marked with a "%".
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Amylase is the name given to glycoside hydrolase enzymes that break down starch into glucose molecules. Amylase is also known as Ptyalin. Although the amylases are designated by different Greek letters, they all act on α-1,4-glycosidic bonds.
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Amylase is the name given to glycoside hydrolase enzymes that break down starch into glucose molecules. Amylase is also known as Ptyalin. Although the amylases are designated by different Greek letters, they all act on α-1,4-glycosidic bonds.
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A23187 is a mobile ion-carrier that forms stable complexes with divalent cations (ions with a charge of +2). A23187 is also known as Calcimycin, Calcium Ionophore, Antibiotic A23187 and Calcium Ionophore A23187.
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Abamectin is a mixture of avermectins containing more than 80% avermectin B1a and less than 20% avermectin B1b . These two components, B1a and B1b have very similar biological and toxicological properties.
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Abietic acid (also known as abietinic acid or sylvic acid), a resin acid, is the primary irritant in pine wood and resin, isolated from rosin (via isomerization) and is the most abundant of several closely related organic acids that constitute most of
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Acetic acid, also known as ethanoic acid, is an organic chemical compound best recognized for giving vinegar its sour taste and pungent smell. Its structural formula is represented as CH3COOH.
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The chemical compound acetylcholine, often abbreviated as ACh, was the first neurotransmitter to be identified. It is a chemical transmitter in both the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and central nervous system (CNS) in many organisms including humans.
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Actin is a globular structural, 42-47 kDa protein found in many eukaryotic cells, with concentrations of over 100 μM. It is also one of the most highly conserved proteins, differing by no more than 5% in species as diverse as algae and humans.
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Actinomycin is any of a class of polypeptide antibiotics isolated from soil bacteria of the genus Streptomyces.

Mechanism

Actinomycin-D is primarily used as an investigative tool in cell biology to inhibit transcription.
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Adenosine is a nucleoside composed of adenine attached to a ribose (ribofuranose) moiety via a β-N9-glycosidic bond.

Adenosine plays an important role in biochemical processes, such as energy transfer - as adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and adenosine
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Adenosine diphosphate, abbreviated ADP, is a nucleotide. It is an ester of pyrophosphoric acid with the nucleotide adenine. ADP consists of the pyrophosphate group, the pentose sugar ribose, and the nucleobase adenine.
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Adenosine monophosphate, also known as 5'-adenylic acid and abbreviated AMP, is a nucleotide that is found in RNA. It is an ester of phosphoric acid with the nucleoside adenosine.
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Adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) is a multifunctional nucleotide that is most important as a "molecular currency" of intracellular energy transfer. In this role, ATP transports chemical energy within cells for metabolism.
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Adenylate cyclase (EC 4.6.1.1 , also known as adenylyl cyclase or AC) is a lyase enzyme.

Types

There are nine known adenylate cyclases in mammals:
  • ADCY1
  • ADCY2
  • ADCY3
  • ADCY4
  • ADCY5

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Ribitol or adonitol is a crystalline pentose alcohol (C5H12O5) formed by the reduction of ribose. It occurs naturally in the plant Adonis vernalis.
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Epinephrine (INN) (IPA: [ˌɛpɪˈnɛfrən]) or adrenaline (European Pharmacopoeia and BAN) (IPA: [əˈdrɛnələn]
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Epinephrine (INN) (IPA: [ˌɛpɪˈnɛfrən]) or adrenaline (European Pharmacopoeia and BAN) (IPA: [əˈdrɛnələn]
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Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH or corticotropin) is a polypeptide hormone produced and secreted by the pituitary gland. It is an important player in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis.
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Aequorin is a photoprotein isolated from luminescent jellyfish (like various Aequorea species e.g. Aequorea victoria) and a variety of other marine organisms.
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Aflatoxins are naturally occurring mycotoxins that are produced by many species of Aspergillus, a fungus, most notably Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus. Aflatoxins are toxic and carcinogenic.
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Agar is a gelatinous substance chiefly used as a culture medium for microbiological work. It is an unbranched polysaccharide obtained from the cell walls of some species of red algae or seaweed.
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Alamethicin is a peptide antibiotic, produced by the fungus Trichoderma viride. It contains the non-proteinogenic amino acid 2-aminoisobutyric acid (Aib), which strongly induces helical peptide structures.
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Alanine (abbreviated as Ala or A)[1] is an α-amino acid with the chemical formula HO2CCH(NH2)CH3. The L-isomer is one of the 20 proteinogenic amino acids, i.e. the building blocks of proteins.
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