Liberal Arts

Information about Liberal Arts

The seven liberal arts – Picture from the Hortus deliciarum of Herrad von Landsberg (12th century)

The term liberal arts refers to a particular type of educational curriculum broadly defined as a classical education.

History

Definition

The term 'liberal arts' is described in Encyclopædia Britannica as a "college or university curriculum aimed at imparting general knowledge and developing general intellectual capacities, in contrast to a professional, vocational, or technical curriculum." In classical antiquity, the term designated the education proper to a freeman (Latin libera, “free”) as opposed to a slave. In the medieval Western university, the seven liberal arts were:

the trivium

the quadrivium

In modern colleges and universities, the liberal arts include the study of theology, literature, languages, philosophy, history, mathematics, and science.^[1]

Artes Liberales

Artes Liberales^[2] was the medieval and earlier nomenclature for the Trivium and Quadrivium (artes triviales and artes quadriviales), the education and training deemed suitable for free persons (Latin liber: free), as distinct from the artes illiberales for the less (or not) free, now broadly termed vocational education.

The Trivium, the artes sermocinales:

Grammar, Rhetoric, and Dialectic (language, oratory, logic)

The Quadrivium, the artes reales or physicæ:

Arithmetic, Geometry, Astronomy, and Music

Liberal arts colleges

Main article: Liberal arts college

:
Main article: Liberal arts colleges in the United States

Liberal arts colleges are institutions which place a particular emphasis upon undergraduate study in the liberal arts. Generally, a full-time, four-year course of study at a liberal arts college leads students to a Bachelor of Arts or Bachelor of Science degree. Liberal arts colleges have traditionally emphasized interactive instruction (although research is still a component of these institutions) and are known for being residential. They typically have a smaller enrollment, class size, and higher teacher-to-student ratios than universities. These colleges also encourage a high level of teacher-student interaction at the center of which are classes taught by full-time faculty rather than graduate student teaching assistants (who teach some classes at Research I and other universities). Although the genesis for what is known today as the liberal arts college began in Europe, ^[3] the term is commonly associated with liberal arts colleges in the United States. Liberal arts colleges are found in countries all over the world as well.

Following completion of their undergraduate studies at liberal arts colleges, students often continue to graduate study in other institutions, such as professional schools (for instance, in business, law, medicine, or theology) or graduate schools.

References

1. ^ Liberal Arts: Encyclopedia Britannica Concise. Encyclopedia Britannica.
2. ^ The Seven Liberal Arts in the Catholic Encyclopedia.
3. ^ Harriman, Philip (1935). Antecedents of the Liberal Arts College. The Journal of Higher Education, Vol. 6, No. 2 (1935), pp. 63-71.

External links

curricula) is the set of courses, and their content, offered at a school or university. As an idea, curriculum stems from the Latin word for race course, referring to the course of deeds and experiences through which children grow and mature in becoming adults.
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Classical education as understood and taught in the Middle Ages of Western culture is roughly based on the Ancient Greek concept of Paideia. China had a completely different tradition of classical education, based in large part on Confucian and Taoist traditions.
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Encyclopædia Britannica

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The term "vocation" should not be confused with vocational education.

A vocation is an occupation, either professional or voluntary, that is carried out more for its altruistic benefit than for income, which might be regarded as a secondary aspect of the vocation,
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Classical antiquity (also the classical era or classical period) is a broad term for a long period of cultural history centered on the Mediterranean Sea, comprising the interlocking civilizations of Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome.
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The institution of slavery in ancient Rome made many people non-persons before their legal system. Stripped of even the ability to marry, they were the property of their owners, although their rights and ability to file grievances against their master did increase over time.
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This article is about Western European institutions. See also Medieval university (Asia) and Byzantine university

The first European medieval institutions generally considered to be universities were established in Italy, France, and England in the late
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trivium comprised the three subjects taught first: grammar, logic, and rhetoric. The word is a Latin term meaning “the three ways” or “the three roads” forming the foundation of a medieval liberal arts education.
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Grammar is the study of the rules governing the use of a given natural language, and as such a field of linguistics. Traditionally, grammar included morphology and syntax, in modern linguistics commonly expanded by the subfields of phonetics, phonology, orthography, semantics, and
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Rhetoric (from Greek ῥήτωρ, rhêtôr, orator, teacher) is generally understood to be the art or technique of persuasion through the use of oral, visual, or written language; however, this definition of rhetoric
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Logic (from Classical Greek λόγος logos; meaning word, thought, idea, argument, account, reason, or principle) is the study of the principles and criteria of valid inference and demonstration.
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Geometry (Greek γεωμετρία; geo = earth, metria = measure) is a part of mathematics concerned with questions of size, shape, and relative position of figures and with properties of space. Geometry is one of the oldest sciences.
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Arithmetic or arithmetics (from the Greek word αριθμός = number) is the oldest and most elementary branch of mathematics, used by almost everyone, for tasks ranging from simple day-to-day counting to advanced science and business
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university is an institution of higher education and research, which grants academic degrees at all levels (bachelor, master, and doctorate) in a variety of subjects. A university provides both tertiary and quaternary education.
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Literature literally "acquaintance with letters" (from Latin littera letter) as in the first sense given in the Oxford English Dictionary, or works of art, which in Western culture are mainly prose, both fiction and non-fiction, drama and poetry.
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See Language (journal) for the linguistics journal.

A language is a system of symbols and the rules used to manipulate them. Language can also refer to the use of such systems as a general phenomenon.
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Philosophy is the discipline concerned with questions of how one should live (ethics); what sorts of things exist and what are their essential natures (metaphysics); what counts as genuine knowledge (epistemology); and what are the correct principles of reasoning (logic).
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History is the study of the past, focused on human activity and leading up to the present day.^[1] More precisely, history is the continuous, systematic narrative and research of past events as relating to the human race ^[1]
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Mathematics (colloquially, maths or math) is the body of knowledge centered on such concepts as quantity, structure, space, and change, and also the academic discipline that studies them. Benjamin Peirce called it "the science that draws necessary conclusions".
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Science (from the Latin scientia, 'knowledge'), in the broadest sense, refers to any systematic knowledge or practice.^[1] Examples of the broader use included political science and computer science, which are not incorrectly named, but rather named according to
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Middle Ages form the middle period in a traditional schematic division of European history into three "ages": the classical civilization of Antiquity, the Middle Ages and Modern Times.
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Vocational education (or Vocational Education and Training (VET), also called Career and Technical Education (CTE)) prepares learners for careers that are based in manual or practical activities, traditionally non-academic and totally related to a specific trade,
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