Information about Leaf Shape
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Chart illustrating leaf morphology terms. Click the image for the details.
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cordate leaf
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elliptic leaf
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deltoid leaf
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perfoliate leaf completely round the plant stem.a[›]
In botany, the following terms are used to describe the shape of plant leaves:
- Acicular (acicularis): Slender and pointed, needle-like
- Acuminate (acuminata): Tapering to a long point
- Aristate (aristata): Ending in a stiff, bristle-like point
- Bipinnate (bipinnata): Each leaflet also pinnate
- Cordate (cordata): Heart-shaped, stem attaches to cleft
- Cuneate (cuneata): Triangular, stem attaches to point
- Deltoid (deltoidea): Triangular, stem attaches to side
- Digitate (digitata): Divided into finger-like lobes
- Elliptic (elliptica): Oval, with a short or no point
- Falcate (falcata): sickle-shaped
- Flabellate (flabellata): Semi-circular, or fan-like
- Hastate (hastata): shaped like a spear point, with flaring pointed lobes at the base
- Lance-shaped, lanceolate (lanceolata): Long, wider in the middle
- Linear (linearis): Long and very narrow
- Lobed (lobata): With several points
- Obcordate (obcordata): Heart-shaped, stem attaches to tapering point
- Oblanceolate (oblanceolata): Top wider than bottom
- Oblong (oblongus): Having an elongated form with slightly parallel sides
- Obovate (obovata): Teardrop-shaped, stem attaches to tapering point
- Obtuse (obtusus): With a blunt tip
- Orbicular (orbicularis): Circular
- Ovate (ovata): Oval, egg-shaped, with a tapering point
- Palmate (palmata): Divided into many lobes
- Pedate (pedata): Palmate, with cleft lobes
- Peltate (peltata): Rounded, stem underneath
- Perfoliate (perfoliata): Stem through the leaves
- Pinnate (pinnata): Two rows of leaflets
- odd-pinnate : pinnate with a terminal leaflet
- paripinnate, even-pinnate : pinnate lacking a terminal leaflet
- Pinnatisect (pinnatifida): Cut, but not to the midrib (it would be pinnate then)
- Reniform (reniformis): Kidney-shaped
- Rhomboid (rhomboidalis): Diamond-shaped
- Round (rotundifolia): Circular
- Sagittate (sagittata): Arrowhead-shaped
- Spatulate, spathulate (spathulata): Spoon-shaped
- Spear-shaped (hastata): Pointed, with barbs
- Subulate (subulata): Awl-shaped with a tapering point
- Sword-shaped (ensiformis): Long, thin, pointed
- Trifoliate, ternate (trifoliata): Divided into three leaflets
- Tripinnate (tripinnata): Pinnately compound in which each leaflet is itself bipinnate
- Truncate (truncata): With a squared off end
- Unifoliate (unifoliata): with a single leaf
Notes
^ a: Or to be more precise, the "leaf" consists of two joined leaves united around the stem. The term perfoliate still applies.
Botany is the scientific study of plant life. As a branch of biology, it is also called plant science(s), phytology, or plant biology. Botany covers a wide range of scientific disciplines that study plants, algae, and fungi including: structure, growth,
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leaf is an above-ground plant organ specialized for photosynthesis. For this purpose, a leaf is typically flat (laminar) and thin, to expose the cells containing chloroplast (chlorenchyma tissue, a type of parenchyma) to light over a broad area, and to allow light to penetrate
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Pinnate is a term used to describe feather-like or multi-divided features arising from both sides of a common axis in plant or animal structures, and comes from the Latin word pinna for "feather".
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Awl is a long pointed spike. It may be a:
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- Scratch awl, a tool with a long pointed spike used for marking wood.
- Stitching awl, a tool used by leatherworkers, such as cobblers (shoemakers), to pierce holes in leather.
- Bradawl, a tool for making holes in wood.
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