Information about Latter Day Saint Movement
The Latter Day Saint movement (a subset of Restorationism) is a group of religious denominations and adherents who follow at least some of the teachings and revelations of Joseph Smith, Jr., publisher of the Book of Mormon in 1830. The Latter Day Saint movement is one of a number of separate movements, known collectively as Restorationism, intending to transcend Protestant denominationalism, and to restore a form of Christianity thought to be truer to the New Testament. The church founded by Joseph Smith, Jr. was first known as the Church of Christ. After Smith's death in 1844, the movement divided into several groups, the largest of which, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) migrated to Utah and became famous in the 19th century for its practice of plural marriage. The LDS Church abandoned this practice in 1890. Other denominations, who refer to themselves as Mormon fundamentalists, continued the practice.
Other groups originating within the Latter Day Saint movement followed different paths in Missouri, Illinois, Michigan, and Pennsylvania. For the most part these groups rejected plural marriage and some of Smith's latest and most controversial or disputed teachings. The largest of these, the Community of Christ (originally known as the Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints), was formed in Missouri in 1860 by several groups uniting around Smith's son, Joseph Smith III. Most denominations existing today who follow the teachings of Joseph Smith, Jr. have some historical relationship with the movement.
The driving force behind and founder of the early Latter Day Saint movement was Joseph Smith, Jr., and to a lesser extent, during the movement's first two years, Oliver Cowdery. Throughout his life Joseph Smith shared and later wrote on a number of occasions of an experience he had as a boy having seen God the Father and Jesus Christ, as two separate beings, who told him that the true church had been lost and would be restored through him, and he would be given the authority to organize and lead the true Church of Christ. Smith and Cowdery claimed that the angels John the Baptist, Peter, James and John visited them in 1829 and gave them authority to reestablish the Church of Christ.
The first Latter Day Saint church was formed in April 1830, consisting of a community of believers in the western New York towns of Fayette, Manchester, and Colesville. They called themselves the Church of Christ. On April 6, 1830, this church formally organized into a legal institution under the name Church of Christ. By 1834, the church was being referred to as the Church of the Latter Day Saints in early church publications,[1] and in 1838 Joseph Smith announced that he had received a revelation from God that officially changed the name to the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints.
In the late 1830s, William Law and several other Latter Day Saints in church leadership positions publicly accused Joseph Smith of being a false prophet, resulting in some schisms in the church. Many of these people later returned to the church under Smith's leadership. Others formed new churches around other leaders.
Following Smith's death by a mob in Carthage, Illinois, some prominent members of the church claimed to be Smith's legitimate successor resulting in a succession crisis, in which the majority of church members followed Brigham Young's leadership; others followed Sidney Rigdon. The crisis resulted in several permanent schisms as well as the formation of occasional splinter groups, some of which no longer exist. These various groups are occasionally referred to under two geographical headings: "Prairie Saints" (those that remained in the Midwest United States) and "Rocky Mountain Saints" (those who followed Brigham Young to what would later become the state of Utah).
Today, there are many schism organizations who regard themselves as a part of the Latter Day Saint movement, though in most cases they do not acknowledge the other branches as valid and regard their own tradition as the only correct and authorized version of Smith's church. Most of these organizations are small. The vast majority of Latter Day Saints belong to the largest denomination, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints which reports 13 million members worldwide. The second-largest denomination is the more ecumenical Community of Christ, which reports over 250,000 members. The third largest is The Church of Jesus Christ, with fewer than 20,000 adherents.
The Teachings of Joseph Smith, Jr., are the principles, doctrines, and ordinances taught by Joseph Smith, Jr.
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Other groups originating within the Latter Day Saint movement followed different paths in Missouri, Illinois, Michigan, and Pennsylvania. For the most part these groups rejected plural marriage and some of Smith's latest and most controversial or disputed teachings. The largest of these, the Community of Christ (originally known as the Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints), was formed in Missouri in 1860 by several groups uniting around Smith's son, Joseph Smith III. Most denominations existing today who follow the teachings of Joseph Smith, Jr. have some historical relationship with the movement.
Brief history
The driving force behind and founder of the early Latter Day Saint movement was Joseph Smith, Jr., and to a lesser extent, during the movement's first two years, Oliver Cowdery. Throughout his life Joseph Smith shared and later wrote on a number of occasions of an experience he had as a boy having seen God the Father and Jesus Christ, as two separate beings, who told him that the true church had been lost and would be restored through him, and he would be given the authority to organize and lead the true Church of Christ. Smith and Cowdery claimed that the angels John the Baptist, Peter, James and John visited them in 1829 and gave them authority to reestablish the Church of Christ.
The first Latter Day Saint church was formed in April 1830, consisting of a community of believers in the western New York towns of Fayette, Manchester, and Colesville. They called themselves the Church of Christ. On April 6, 1830, this church formally organized into a legal institution under the name Church of Christ. By 1834, the church was being referred to as the Church of the Latter Day Saints in early church publications,[1] and in 1838 Joseph Smith announced that he had received a revelation from God that officially changed the name to the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints.
In the late 1830s, William Law and several other Latter Day Saints in church leadership positions publicly accused Joseph Smith of being a false prophet, resulting in some schisms in the church. Many of these people later returned to the church under Smith's leadership. Others formed new churches around other leaders.
Following Smith's death by a mob in Carthage, Illinois, some prominent members of the church claimed to be Smith's legitimate successor resulting in a succession crisis, in which the majority of church members followed Brigham Young's leadership; others followed Sidney Rigdon. The crisis resulted in several permanent schisms as well as the formation of occasional splinter groups, some of which no longer exist. These various groups are occasionally referred to under two geographical headings: "Prairie Saints" (those that remained in the Midwest United States) and "Rocky Mountain Saints" (those who followed Brigham Young to what would later become the state of Utah).
Today, there are many schism organizations who regard themselves as a part of the Latter Day Saint movement, though in most cases they do not acknowledge the other branches as valid and regard their own tradition as the only correct and authorized version of Smith's church. Most of these organizations are small. The vast majority of Latter Day Saints belong to the largest denomination, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints which reports 13 million members worldwide. The second-largest denomination is the more ecumenical Community of Christ, which reports over 250,000 members. The third largest is The Church of Jesus Christ, with fewer than 20,000 adherents.
Denominations through 1844
| Church Name | Organized by | Date Organized | Split off/Continuation of | Current Status | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Church of Christ | Joseph Smith Jr. | April 6, 1830 | N/A | Multiple sects claim to be true successor | Name changed to Church of the Latter Day Saints in 1834 and name remained in flux (The Church of God / The Church of Jesus Christ / Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints / Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints) until the death of Smith. |
| Pure Church of Christ | Wycam Clark | 1831 | Church of Christ | Defunct | First schismatic sect in the Latter Day Saint movement |
| Independent Church | — Hoton | 1832 | Church of Christ | Defunct | Little is known about this second schismatic sect apart from the date of establishment and the surname of its founder |
| Church of Christ | Ezra Booth | 1836 | Church of Christ | Defunct | |
| Church of Christ (Parrishite) | Warren Parrish | 1837 | Church of Christ | Defunct | |
| Alston Church | Isaac Russell | 1839 | Church of Christ | Defunct | Taught that the Latter Day Saints should remain in Missouri and not emigrate to Illinois |
| Church of Christ | William Chubby | late 1830s | Church of Christ | Defunct | Established with the special mission of ministering to black people |
| Church of Jesus Christ, the Bride, the Lamb's Wife | George M. Hinkle | 1840 | Church of Christ | Defunct | Taught that Joseph Smith was not a prophet and the Book of Mormon was not scripture |
| Church of Christ | Hiram Page | 1842 | Church of Christ | Defunct | |
| True Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints | William Law | 1844 | Church of Christ | Defunct | Opposed plural marriage; published the Nauvoo Expositor |
"Prairie Saint" denominations
| Church Name | Organized by | Date Organized | Split off/Continuation of | Current Status | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Church of Jesus Christ of the Children of Zion | Sidney Rigdon | 1844 | Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints | Dissolved by 1847 | Originally also used the name Church of Christ. Also known as Rigdonites. |
| Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints (Strangite) | James J. Strang | 1844 | Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints | A few hundred members; headquartered in Voree (now Burlington) Wisconsin. | Web site: strangite.org |
| Church of Christ | Aaron Smith | 1846 | Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints (Strangite) | Defunct | |
| Church of Christ (Whitmerite) | William E. M'Lellin and David Whitmer | 1847 and 1871 | Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints | Extant until around 1925 | |
| Church of Christ (Brewsterite) | James C. Brewster and Hazen Aldrich | 1848 | Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints | Defunct | Published a periodical entitled The Olive Branch |
| The Bride, the Lamb's Wife | Jacob Syfritt | 1848 | Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints | Defunct | Syfritt claimed to have been taken to heaven to converse with Joseph Smith, who designated him as his true successor |
| Congregation of Jehovah's Presbytery of Zion (Baneemyites, Conjespresites) | Charles B. Thompson | 1848 | Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints | Defunct | Thompson claimed to be "Baneemy" mentioned in Doctrine and Covenants 105:27. Said the church had been rejected by God following Joseph Smith's death and he had been called to renew the priesthood among the gentiles. |
| Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints (Gladdenite) | Gladden Bishop | 1851 | Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints | Dissolved after Bishop's death in 1865 | Many members later helped form the Church of Christ (Temple Lot) |
| Church of Jesus Christ (Cutlerite) | Alpheus Cutler | 1853 | Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints | Handful of members; headquartered in Independence, Missouri | Formerly called The True Church of Jesus Christ; adherents commonly called Cutlerites |
| Church of the Potter Christ | Arnold Potter | 1857 | The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints | Defunct | Potter wore a long beard and white robes; his followers wore black robes; followers emigrated from Califonia to Council Bluffs, Iowa in 1861 |
| Community of Christ | Joseph Smith III | 1860 | Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints | Second-largest Latter Day Saint denomination; approximately 250,000 members; headquartered in Independence, Missouri. | Previously known as the "Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints" (RLDS Church); organized by Joseph Smith III in 1860. Web site: cofchrist.org. |
| The Church of Jesus Christ (Bickertonite) | William Bickerton | 1862 | Organized by former followers of Church of Jesus Christ of the Children of Zion, which by then was defunct | 15,000 members; headquartered in Monongahela, Pennsylvania | Adherents commonly referred to as Bickertonites (church actively opposes use of this term); web site: thechurchofjesuschrist.org. |
| Church of Christ (Temple Lot) (Hedrickites) | Granville Hedrick | 1863 | Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints; some members from Gladdenites | 5000 members; headquartered on the Temple Lot in Independence, Missouri | Web site: churchofchrist-tl.org; adherents commonly referred to as Hedrickites |
| Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ (Bickertonite) | Half of the Bickertonite Quorum of Twelve Apostles | 1907 | Church of Jesus Christ (Bickertonite) | Defunct | Dispute over nature of life in the millennium split Bickertonite Quorum of the Twelve in two; later merged with the Primitive Church of Jesus Christ (Bickertonite) |
| Primitive Church of Jesus Christ (Bickertonite) | James Caldwell | 1914 | Church of Jesus Christ (Bickertonite) | Defunct | Rejected the First Presidency as a valid leadership organization of the church; later merged with the Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ (Bickertonite) |
| Church of the Christian Brotherhood | R. C. Evans | 1918 | Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints | Defunct | Split with Reorganized Church over belief that Joseph Smith practiced plural marriage; Evans published a book documenting evidence that Smith was a polygamist; Evans went on to reject most of the tenets of Mormonism |
| Church of Christ with the Elijah Message | Otto Fetting and William Draves | 1929 and 1943 | Church of Christ (Temple Lot) | Headquartered in Independence, Missouri | A denomination which split with the Temple Lot church over reported revelations from John the Baptist; web site: elijahmessage.com |
| Restored Church of Jesus Christ | Eugene O. Walton | 1980 | Church of Jesus Christ (Cutlerite)? | 25 members; headquartered in Independence, Missouri | |
| Independent RLDS / Restoration Branches | various | 1980s | Community of Christ | Approx. 12,000 members in 200+ branches and study groups; movement centered in Independence, Missouri but each branch is relatively autonomous | RLDS Church branches that became independent of the RLDS Church individually throughout the 1980s due to opposition to the changing of RLDS Church doctrines and practices. Web site: centerplace.org Most priesthood of these branches soon became affiliated with the Conference of Restoration Elders. Later in 2005 some branches organized into a Joint Conference of Restoration Branches. Web site: conferenceofbranches.org |
| Church of Jesus Christ Restored 1830 | Nolan W. Glauner | mid-1980s | Community of Christ | Members in Missouri and Africa; headquartered in Tarkio, Missouri | Regards Wallace B. Smith as a "fallen prophet" of the RLDS Church for opening the priesthood to women and for choosing to build the Independence Temple as opposed to the city of Zion |
| Lion of God Ministry | David B. Clark | 1985 | Community of Christ | Headquartered in Oak Grove, Missouri | Web site: lionofgod.com. |
| Restoration Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints | several RLDS entities | 1989 | Community of Christ | Headquartered in Independence, Missouri | Web site: restorationchurch.net. |
| Remnant Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints | Frederick Niels Larsen | 2000 | Community of Christ | 1000-2000 members; headquartered in Independence, Missouri | Chiefly composed of former members of the Community of Christ who oppose what they consider to be recent doctrinal innovations, especially the passing of the church presidency to someone not descended from Joseph Smith, Jr. (Larsen is a descendant of Joseph Smith, Jr. through his grandson Frederick Madison Smith.) Web site: theremnantchurch.com |
Rocky Mountains denominations
| Church Name | Organized by | Date Organized | Split off/Continuation of | Current Status | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints | Brigham Young | 1847 | Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints | The largest Latter Day Saint denomination, with 13 million members worldwide; headquartered in Salt Lake City, Utah | Also commonly known as Mormon Church or LDS Church. Adherents are popularly called Mormons or Latter-day Saints. Resulted from Latter Day Saints that followed Brigham Young after succession crisis. Practiced plural marriage until 1890. Web site: lds.org |
| Church of the Firstborn (Morrisites) | Joseph Morris | 1861 | The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints | Probably defunct, remnants of this organization survived into the mid-20th century. | Involved in the Morrisite War; believe in reincarnation |
| The Church of Zion | William S. Godbe | 1868 | The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints | Defunct | Also known as Godbeites |
| Church of Jesus Christ of Saints of the Most High | John R. Eardley | 1882 | Church of the Firstborn | Disbanded in 1969 | Was the last surviving remnant of the "Morrisites" |
| Mormon fundamentalist movement | Lorin C. Woolley | 1920s | The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints | originally headquartered in Salt Lake City, Utah | Driven by rejection of end of plural marriage by LDS Church; later splintered into several groups, particularly upon death of Joseph W. Musser in 1954 |
| Latter Day Church of Christ | Eldon Kingston | 1926 | The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints | Approximately 2000 members; headquartered in Davis County, Utah | Commonly known as the Kingston clan; also known as the Davis County Cooperative Society. Pracitices plural marriage. Part of Mormon fundamentalist movement. |
| Aaronic Order | Maurice L. Glendenning | 1942 | The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints | Also called House of Aaron. Web site: houseofaaron.org | |
| Apostolic United Brethren | Rulon C. Allred | 1954 | Mormon fundamentalist movement | 5000-8000 members; headquarters in Bluffdale, Utah. | Practices plural marriage. Part of Mormon fundamentalist movement. |
| Fundamentalist Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints | Leroy S. Johnson | 1954 | Mormon fundamentalist movement | Approximately 8,000-10,000 members; traditionally headquartered in Colorado City, Arizona; recently moved to Eldorado, Texas. | Largest group of Latter Day Saints who practice plural marriage. Part of Mormon fundamentalist movement. Also called FLDS Church. |
| United Latter-day Church of Jesus Christ | George Woolley Smith | 1954 | Mormon fundamentalist movement | Approximately 100-200 members; mainly in Evanston, Wyoming, and Layton, Utah | Practice plural marriage and exclusion of blacks from the priesthood; part of Mormon fundamentalist movement. |
| Perfected Church of Jesus Christ of Immaculate Latter-day Saints | William C. Conway | 1955 | The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints | Also called Restored Apostolic Church of Jesus Christ of Immaculate Latter-day Saints; Conway claimed to be the reincarnation of Moroni and Joseph Smith; teaches transmutation of metals and the abolishment of menstruation; focuses on preaching among Native Americans; claims that a Nephite named Mulek designated Los Angeles as a holy site of gathering | |
| Church of the Firstborn of the Fulness of Times | Joel F. LeBaron | 1955 | '''The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints | Defunct | Established in northern Mexico; part of Mormon fundamentalist movement; brother Ervil LeBaron split in 1972 and ordered Joel murdered |
| Church of the Lamb of God | Ervil LeBaron | 1972 | Church of the Firstborn of the Fulness of Times | Probably continues in LeBaron family | Ervil LeBaron ordered his brother Joel killed in 1972; LeBaron ordered Apostolic United Brethren leader Rulon C. Allred killed in 1977; LeBaron was extradited to the United States and sentenced to life in prison; died in 1981 |
| Confederate Nations of Israel | Alex Joseph | 1977 | Apostolic United Brethren | Approximately 400 members in the United States | Hybrid church–political organization patterned after the Council of Fifty; members can be from any religious denomination or atheist; approximately one-quarter of members practice plural marriage |
| Restoration Church of Jesus Christ | Antonio A. Feliz | 1985 | The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints | Approximately 500 members in Utah and California. Majority of members are LGBT. | Commonly called the Gay Mormon Church or Liberal Mormon Church. Originally called the Church of Jesus Christ of All Latter-day Saints. Web site: RCJC |
| The True and Living Church of Jesus Christ of Saints of the Last Days | James D. Harmston | 1994 | The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints | Approximately 500-750 members. Headquartered in Manti, Utah. | Practices plural marriage. Part of Mormon fundamentalist movement. Also called TLC Church. |
Other
| Church Name | Organized by | Date Organized | Split off/Continuation of | Current Status | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints (Gibsonite) | Walter M. Gibson | 1861 | The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints | defunct | Organized in Pacific Islands; sold leadership offices to native peoples; gathering place established on Lanai |
| Church of the Messiah | George J. Adams | 1861 | Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints (Strangite) | defunct | Led followers from Maine to Palestine |
| Latter Day Church of Christ the Lamb | The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints | Headquartered in Indiana | Mormon fundamentalist group that practices plural marriage | ||
| Pentecostal Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints | Michael Bethel | 1994 | Various Latter Day Saint denominations | Headquartered in Kenner, Louisiana, about 30 adherents[2] | A group that accepts the Bible and the Book of Mormon, but rejects the Doctrine and Covenants and several other Mormon doctrines. |
| The Latter Day Church of Jesus Christ | Matthew P. Gill | 2007 | The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints | Organized in Derbyshire, England by former members of the LDS Church | Met informally as The Latter Day Church of Christ until formal organization. Added the Book of Jeraneck to scriptural canon. Web site: thelatterdaychurchofchrist.blogspot.com |
References
- Danny L. Jorgensen, "Dissent and Schism in the Early Church: Explaining Mormon Fissiparousness", , vol. 28, no. 3 (Fall 1993) pp. 15–39.
- Jon Krakauer, Under the Banner of Heaven: A Story of Violent Faith New York: 2003.
- Steven L. Shields, Divergent Paths of the Restoration: A History of the Latter Day Saint Movement Los Angeles: 1990.
Notes
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- Teachings of the Prophet Joseph Smith (book).
The Teachings of Joseph Smith, Jr., are the principles, doctrines, and ordinances taught by Joseph Smith, Jr.
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Joseph Smith, Jr. (December 23, 1805 – June 27, 1844) was an American religious leader who founded the Latter Day Saint movement, also known as Mormonism. Smith's followers declared him to be the first latter-day prophet, whose mission was to restore the original Christian
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Christianity
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Dispensationalism
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Bible
Old Testament New Testament
Books Canon Apocrypha
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Foundations
Jesus Christ
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Protestantism encompasses the forms of Christian faith and practice that originated with the doctrines of the Reformation. The word Protestant is derived from the Latin protestatio meaning declaration
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New Testament (Greek: Καινή Διαθήκη, Kainē Diathēkē) is the name given to the final portion of the Christian Bible, written after the Old Testament.
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Church of Christ was the original church organization founded by Joseph Smith, Jr. Organized informally in 1829 and then as a legal entity on April 6 1830 in northwestern New York state, it was the first organization implementing the principles found in Smith's newly-published
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death of Joseph Smith, Jr. on 27 June 1844 marked a turning point for the Latter Day Saint movement, of which Smith was the founder and leader. At the time of his death, Smith was serving as the mayor of Nauvoo, Illinois, and running for President of the United States.
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The succession crisis in the Latter Day Saint movement occurred after the violent death of the movement's founder, Joseph Smith, Jr., on June 27, 1844.
For roughly six months after Smith's death, several people competed to take over his role.
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For roughly six months after Smith's death, several people competed to take over his role.
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The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
Classification Restorationist
Orientation Latter Day Saint movement
Polity Hierarchical
Founder Joseph Smith, Jr.
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Classification Restorationist
Orientation Latter Day Saint movement
Polity Hierarchical
Founder Joseph Smith, Jr.
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For the periodical, see .
The 19th Century (also written XIX century) lasted from 1801 through 1900 in the Gregorian calendar. It is often referred to as the "1800s...... Click the link for more information.
Plural marriage (also referred to as Celestial marriage, the New and Everlasting Covenant, the Principle, and the Priesthood Work) is a type of polygyny taught by Joseph Smith, Jr.
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Mormon fundamentalism (also called fundamentalist Mormonism) is a belief in the validity of selected fundamental aspects of Mormonism as taught and practiced in the nineteenth century, usually during the administration of Brigham Young as president of The Church of Jesus
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Community of Christ, known from 1872 to 2001 as the Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints (RLDS), is an American-based Latter Day Saint denomination that claims as its mission "to proclaim Jesus Christ and promote communities of joy, hope, love, and
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Joseph Smith III (November 6, 1832–December 10, 1914) was the eldest surviving son of Joseph Smith, Jr., founder of the Latter Day Saint movement. Joseph Smith III was the first Prophet–President of the Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints, which is
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The Latter Day Saint movement is a religious movement within Christian Restorationism beginning in the early 19th century that led to the set of doctrines, practices, and cultures called Mormonism and to the existence of numerous Latter Day Saint churches.
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Joseph Smith, Jr. (December 23, 1805 – June 27, 1844) was an American religious leader who founded the Latter Day Saint movement, also known as Mormonism. Smith's followers declared him to be the first latter-day prophet, whose mission was to restore the original Christian
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Oliver Hervy Pliny Cowdery[1] (3 October 1806 – 3 March 1850) was the primary participant with Joseph Smith, Jr. in the formative period of the Latter Day Saint movement from 1829 through 1836. He was one of the Three Witnesses of the Book of Mormon's Golden Plates.
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Church of Christ was the original church organization founded by Joseph Smith, Jr. Organized informally in 1829 and then as a legal entity on April 6 1830 in northwestern New York state, it was the first organization implementing the principles found in Smith's newly-published
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angel (Lat. angelus, pl. angeli) is a supernatural being found in many religions. In Christianity, Islam, Judaism, and Zoroastrianism, angels, as attendants or guardians to man, typically act as messengers from God.
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Peter, also known as Saint Peter, Shimon "Keipha" Ben-Yonah/Bar-Yonah, Simon Peter, Cephas and Keipha—original name Shimon or Simeon (Acts 15:14
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- For people and places called Saint James, see the disambiguation page.
Saint James, son of Zebedee
Saint James the Elder by Rembrandt
Apostle and Martyr
Born Unknown,
Died 44, Judea
Venerated in All Christianity
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Herod_Archelaus
