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Information about Lands Of Poland

Ziemia (literally 'earth' or 'land' in Polish language, Latin: terra) is a historical unit of administration in Poland. This term is often translated as 'land' into English language. Note that in Polish language this term is not capitalized (thus 'ziemia chełmińska, not Ziemia Chełmińska).

In the prehistoric Poland, this term referred to a territory controlled by a given tribe. The term apparead in medieval Poland (12th-13th centuries), after the fragmentation of Poland. Ziemia referred to a former princedom or duchy, which was reunifed with the Polish Kingdom and lost its political sovereignty but retained its officials hierarchy and bureaucracy. From around 14th centuries some the former princedoms, now 'ziemia's, were assigned to the official known as the voivode and became the primary unit of administration known as voivodeships. However some 'ziemia's were not transformed into a voivodeships. In most cases they were subordinated to a voivodeship and a certain voivode, but retained some privileges and properties of a voivodeship, like they often had their own sejmik (regional parliament) and were referred to as 'ziemia', not 'voivodeship'.

Over the next centuries 'ziemia's became increasingly integrated into the voivodeships and lost more and more of their autonomy. Today they are not units of administration, and in modern Poland they are only a generic geographical term referring to certain parts of Poland.

List of ziemias

  • Ziemia chełmińska (Chełmno Land)
  • Ziemia chełmska (Chełm land)
  • Ziemia dobrzyńska (Dobrzyń Land)
  • Ziemia kłodzka (Kłodzko Land)
  • Ziemia lęborsko-bytowska (Lębork-Bytów Land)
  • Ziemia lubuska (Lubusz Land)
  • Ziemia michałowska (MichałÃ³w Land)
  • Ziemia sanocka (Sanok Land)
  • Ziemia sieradzka (Sieradz Land)
  • Ziemia śląsko-łużycka (Silesian-Lusatian Land)
  • Ziemia wieluńska (Wieluń Land)

References

  • This article incorporates text translated from as of 9 June 2006.
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Polish terms for country subdivisions
National  /  Urban  /  Ruralvoivodeship powiat gmina  /  dzielnica osiedle  /  sołectwo
Historicaldepartament gromada gubernia jurydyka księstwo obwd okręg rejencja prowincja starostwo ziemia
Polish}}} 
Writing system: Latin (Polish variant) 
Official status
Official language of:  European Union
 European Union
Regulated by: Polish Language Council
Language codes
ISO 639-1: pl
ISO 639-2: pol
ISO 639-3:
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Latin}}} 
Official status
Official language of: Vatican City
Used for official purposes, but not spoken in everyday speech
Regulated by: Opus Fundatum Latinitas
Roman Catholic Church
Language codes
ISO 639-1: la
ISO 639-2: lat
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Administrative division (also known as "Subnational entities") is a generic term for an administrative region within a country or Political division — on an arbitrary level below that of the sovereign state — typically with a local government
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Motto
none1
Anthem
Mazurek Dąbrowskiego   (Polish)
Dąbrowski's Mazurek
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English}}} 
Writing system: Latin (English variant) 
Official status
Official language of: 53 countries
Regulated by: no official regulation
Language codes
ISO 639-1: en
ISO 639-2: eng
ISO 639-3: eng  
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This article is about the social structure.

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principality (or princedom) is a monarchical feudatory or sovereign state, ruled or reigned over by a monarch with the title of prince or princess, or (in the widest sense) a monarch with another title within the generic use of the term prince.
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A duchy is a territory, fief, or domain ruled by a duke or duchess. Historically, some duchies in Continental Europe were sovereign, while others (especially in France and Britain) were subordinate districts of a kingdom.
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History of Poland
Chronology
Until 966
966–1385
1385–1569
1569–1795
1795–1918
1918–1939
1939–1945
1945–1989
1989–present
Topics
Culture
Demography ( Jews )
Economics
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An official is someone who holds an office (function or mandate, regardless whether it carries an actual working space with it) in an organisation or government and participates in the exercise of authority (either his own or that of his superior and/or employer, public or legally
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hierarchy (in Greek: Ἱεραρχία, derived from ἱερός — hieros, 'sacred', and
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Bureaucracy is the structure and set of regulations in place to control activity, usually in large organizations and government. It is characterized by standardized procedure (rule-following), formal division of responsibility, hierarchy, and impersonal relationships.
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Voivode" (as it is spelled in the Oxford English Dictionary), or less commonly "voivod", is a Slavic word that originally denoted the principal commander of a military force.
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Voivodeship, also spelled Voivodship, Voivodina or Vojvodina (Romanian: voievodat, Polish: województwo, Serbian: vojvodina (војводина), vojvodstvo
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A Sejmik (diminutive of the Polish "Sejm," or Parliament) was a regional sejm in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, and earlier in the Kingdom of Poland. Sejmiks lasted until the end of the Commonwealth in 1795 after the partitions of Poland.
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Lubusz Land, (Polish: ziemia lubuska, German: Land Lebus, Czech: Lubušsko) is a historical ziemia region in Poland, on the Oder river.
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Lubusz Land, (Polish: ziemia lubuska, German: Land Lebus, Czech: Lubušsko) is a historical ziemia region in Poland, on the Oder river.
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Sanok Land (Polish: ziemia sanocka) was a historical administrative division unit (ziemia) of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth from the 14th-18th centuries (- 1772 ).
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Sanok Land (Polish: ziemia sanocka) was a historical administrative division unit (ziemia) of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth from the 14th-18th centuries (- 1772 ).
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Administrative divisions
of Poland
Voivodeships
Counties (list)
Gminas (list)

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Country subdivision refers to the division of a country's territory for the sake of its administration, description or other such purpose. The resulting units of division are known generically as "country subdivisions".
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Administrative divisions
of Poland
Voivodeships
Counties (list)
Gminas (list)

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Administrative divisions
of Poland
Voivodeships
Counties (list)
Gminas (list)

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Administrative divisions
of Poland
Voivodeships
Counties (list)
Gminas (list)

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Administrative divisions
of Poland
Voivodeships
Counties (list)
Gminas (list)

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In the Polish system of local administration, a dzielnica is an administrative subdivision of a city or town, which in some cases may have its own council and (in Warsaw) its own mayor (burmistrz).
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In the Polish system of local administration, an osiedle is a designated subdivision of a city or town, or of a dzielnica, with its own council and executive.

The word osiedle is also used in Poland to denote a housing estate or development. Abbreviation Os.
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administrative division of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth was the result of the long and complicated history of the fragmentation of the Polish Kingdom and the union of Poland and Lithuania.
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Administrative division of Duchy of Warsaw was based on departments. Headed by a prefect, it was a solution adopted based on the French model, as entire Duchy was in fact created by Napoleon and based on French ideas, although departaments were divided into Polish powiats
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