Information about Lol (internet Slang)
“Lol” redirects here. For other uses, see Lol (disambiguation).
LOL (also written lol) is a common element of Internet slang used, historically, on Usenet but now widespread to other forms of computer-mediated communication such as Yahoo and MSN Messenger, and even spread to face-to-face communication. It is an acronym for "laughing out loud"[1][2][3] or "laugh out loud",[4] or, less commonly, "lots of luck".[3] "LOL" is one of many initialisms for expressing bodily reactions, in particular laughter, as text, including initialisms such as "ROFL" (or "ROTFL") ("roll(ing) on the floor laughing"),[5][6] a more emphatic expression of laughter, "LMAO" ("laughing my ass off")[7].
The list of initialisms "grows by the month"[7] and they are collected along with emoticons and smileys into folk dictionaries which are circulated informally amongst users of Usenet, IRC, and other forms of (textual) computer-mediated communication.[8] These initialisms are controversial, and several authors recommend against their use, either in general or in specific contexts such as business communications.
The use of LOL to express laughter is unrelated to , many of which, such as "lots of love", predate the Internet. LOL has also superseded the more-obvious "Ha!" that letter writers used to use.
Analysis
Many people are critical of "LOL" and its related acronyms, and there is some debate over their use.Lacetti, professor of humanities at Stevens Institute of Technology, and Molsk in their essay entitled The Lost Art of Writing[9][10] are critical of the acronyms, predicting reduced chances of employment for students who use such acronyms, stating that "Unfortunately for these students, their bosses will not be 'lol' when they read a report that lacks proper punctuation and grammar, has numerous misspellings, various made-up words, and silly acronyms."
Yunker and Barry[11] in a study of on-line courses and how they can be improved through podcasting have found that these acronyms, and emoticons as well, are "often misunderstood" by students and are "difficult to decipher" unless their meanings are explained in advance. They single out the example of "ROFL" as not obviously being the abbreviation of "rolling on the floor laughing" (emphasis added). Haig[11] singles out "LOL" as one of the three most popular initialisms in Internet slang, alongside "BFN" ("bye for now") and "IMHO" ("in my humble/honest opinion"). He describes these acronyms, and the various initialisms of Internet slang in general, as convenient, but warns that "as ever more obscure acronyms emerge they can also be rather confusing". Bidgoli[12] likewise states that these initialisms "save keystrokes for the sender but [...] might make comprehension of the message more difficult for the receiver", that "[s]lang may hold different meanings and lead to misunderstandings especially in international settings", and thus advising that they be used "only when you are sure that the other person knows the meaning".
Hueng,[7] in discussing these acronyms in the context of performative utterances, points out the difference between telling someone that one is laughing out loud and actually laughing out loud: "The latter response is a straightforward action. The former is a self-reflexive representation of an action: I not only do something but also show you that I am doing it. Or indeed, I may not actually laugh out loud but may use the locution 'LOL' to communicate my appreciation of your attempt at humor."
David Crystal[13] notes that use of "LOL" is not necessarily genuine, just as the use of smiley faces or grins is not necessarily genuine, posing the rhetorical question "how many people are actually 'laughing out loud' when they send LOL?". Franzini[13] concurs, stating that there is as yet no research that has determined the percentage of people who are actually laughing out loud when they write "LOL".
Victoria Clarke, in her analysis of telnet talkers,[14] states that capitalization is important when people write "LOL", and that "a user who types LOL may well be laughing louder than one who types lol", and opines that "these standard expressions of laughter are losing force through overuse". Egan[14] describes "LOL", "ROTFL", and other initialisms as helpful as long as they are not overused. He recommends against their use in business correspondence because the recipient may not be aware of their meanings, and because in general neither they nor emoticons are (in his view) appropriate in such correspondence. Lindsell-Roberts[15] shares that view and gives the same advice of not using them in business correspondence, "or you won't be LOL".
Spread from written to spoken communication
"LOL", "ROTFL","LMAO", and the other initialisms have crossed from computer-mediated communication to face-to-face communication. Teenagers now sometimes use them in spoken communication as well as in written, with "ROFL" pronounced /roʊfəl/ or /rɔfəl/ and "LOL" pronounced /loʊl/ or /lɔl/ for example. David Crystal — likening the introduction of "LOL", "ROTFL", and others into spoken language in magnitude to the revolution of Johannes Gutenberg's invention of movable type in the 15th century — states that this is "a brand new variety of language evolving", invented by young people within five years, that "extend[s] the range of the language, the expressiveness [and] the richness of the language". Commentators disagree, saying that these new words, being abbreviations for existing, long-used, phrases, don't "enrich" anything; they just shorten it.[16][17][18]Geoffrey K. Pullum points out that even if interjections such as LOL and ROTFL became very common in spoken English, their "total effect on language" would be "utterly trivial".[19]
Conversely, a 2003 study of college students by Naomi Baron found that the use of these initialisms in computer-mediated communication, specifically in instant messaging, was actually lower than to be expected. The students "used few abbreviations, acronyms, and emoticons". The spelling was "reasonably good" and contractions were "not ubiquitous". Out of 2,185 transmissions, there were 90 initialisms in total, 31 CMC-style abbreviations, 49 emoticons, and 76 occurrences of "LOL".[19] Nevertheless, such results should be viewed in their correct cultural context, and these statistics do not necessarily apply to other demographic groups.
Variations on the theme
Despite it being an English acronym, it is often used by non-English speakers as-is, even in other scripts (eg. Hebrew: , Cyrillic: лол).Translations in widespread use
Most of these abbreviations are usually found in lowercase.- lal or lawl — can refer to either a pseudo-pronunciation of LOL, or the German translation (although most German speakers use "LOL"). Saying "lawl" is sometimes meant in mockery of those who use the term LOL, and not meant as serious usage.
- ｗ — used commonly in 2channel, a Japanese equivalent of the acronym. 'ｗ' stands for warau (笑う), which means "to laugh" in Japanese.
- lolz, lulz — "a corruption of LOL", according to MyFOX LA; a pluralization of LOL, though often used in a singular sense.
- mdr — French version of the expression LOL, from the initials of "mort de rire" that roughly translated means "dying laughing".
- 555 — The Thai variation of LOL. '5' in Thai is pronounced "ha", three of them being "hahaha".
- asg — Swedish abbreviation of the term "Asgarv", meaning intensive laughter.
- g — Danish abbreviation of the word "griner", which means "laughing" in Danish.
Other languages
Lol is a native Dutch word (not an acronym) which, conveniently, means "fun" ('lollig' means "funny").In Welsh, lol means nonsense, e.g. If a person would say "stupid nonsense" in Welsh they would say "lol wirion".
References
1. ^ Matt Haig (2001). E-Mail Essentials: How to Make the Most of E-Communications. Kogan Page, 89. ISBN 0749435763.
2. ^ Louis R. Franzini (2002). Kids Who Laugh: How to Develop Your Child's Sense of Humor. Square One Publishers, Inc., 145–146. ISBN 0757000088.
3. ^ (2005) American Heritage Abbreviations Dictionary 3rd Edition. Houghton Mifflin.2005&rft.pub=Houghton%20Mifflin">
4. ^ Michael Egan. Email Etiquette. Cool Publications Ltd, 32,57–58. ISBN 1844811182.
5. ^ Jiuan Heng (2003). "The emergence of pure consciousness: The Theatre of Virtual Selves in the age of the Internet", in Peter D. Hershock, M. T. Stepaniants, and Roger T. Ames: Technology and Cultural Values: On the Edge of the Third Millennium. University of Hawaii Press, 561. ISBN 0824826477.
6. ^ Eric S. Raymond and Guy L. Steele (1996). The New Hacker's Dictionary. MIT Press, 435. ISBN 0262680920.
7. ^ Denis Howe. lmao. The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing through Dictionary.com. Retrieved on 2007-08-08.
8. ^ Steven G. Jones (1998). Cybersociety 2.0: Revisiting Computer-Mediated Community and Technology. Sage Publications Inc, 52. ISBN 0761914625.
9. ^ Silvio Lacetti and Scott Molsk. "Cost of poor writing no laughing matter", Atlanta Journal-Constitution, 2003-09-06.
10. ^ Stevens Institute of Technology (2003-10-22). Article co-authored by Stevens professor and student garners nationwide attention from business, academia. Press release.
11. ^ Frank Yunker and Stephen Barry. "Threaded Podcasting: The Evolution of On-Line Learning". Dan Remenyi Proceedings of the International Conference on e-Learning, Université du Québec à Montréal, 22-23 June 2006: 516, Academic Conferences Limited. ISBN 1905305222.
12. ^ Hossein Bidgoli (2004). The Internet Encyclopedia. John Wiley and Sons, 277. ISBN 0471222011.
13. ^ David Crystal (2001). Language and the Internet. Cambridge University Press, 34. ISBN 0-521-80212-1.
14. ^ Victoria Clarke (2002-01-30). Internet English: an analysis of the variety of language used on Telnet talkers (PDF).
15. ^ Sheryl Lindsell-Roberts. Strategic Business Letters and E-Mail. Houghton Mifflin, 289. ISBN 0618448330.
16. ^ Neda Ulaby (2006-02-18). OMG: IM Slang Is Invading Everyday English. Digital Culture. National Public Radio.
17. ^ jadedlistener (2006-02-25). OMG, that's, like, so uninteresting!.
18. ^ Kristen Philipkoski. "The Web Not the Death of Language", Wired News, 2005-02-22.
19. ^ Geoffrey K. Pullum (2005-01-23). English in Deep Trouble?. Language Log. Retrieved on 2007-05-03.
2. ^ Louis R. Franzini (2002). Kids Who Laugh: How to Develop Your Child's Sense of Humor. Square One Publishers, Inc., 145–146. ISBN 0757000088.
3. ^ (2005) American Heritage Abbreviations Dictionary 3rd Edition. Houghton Mifflin.2005&rft.pub=Houghton%20Mifflin">
4. ^ Michael Egan. Email Etiquette. Cool Publications Ltd, 32,57–58. ISBN 1844811182.
5. ^ Jiuan Heng (2003). "The emergence of pure consciousness: The Theatre of Virtual Selves in the age of the Internet", in Peter D. Hershock, M. T. Stepaniants, and Roger T. Ames: Technology and Cultural Values: On the Edge of the Third Millennium. University of Hawaii Press, 561. ISBN 0824826477.
6. ^ Eric S. Raymond and Guy L. Steele (1996). The New Hacker's Dictionary. MIT Press, 435. ISBN 0262680920.
7. ^ Denis Howe. lmao. The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing through Dictionary.com. Retrieved on 2007-08-08.
8. ^ Steven G. Jones (1998). Cybersociety 2.0: Revisiting Computer-Mediated Community and Technology. Sage Publications Inc, 52. ISBN 0761914625.
9. ^ Silvio Lacetti and Scott Molsk. "Cost of poor writing no laughing matter", Atlanta Journal-Constitution, 2003-09-06.
10. ^ Stevens Institute of Technology (2003-10-22). Article co-authored by Stevens professor and student garners nationwide attention from business, academia. Press release.
11. ^ Frank Yunker and Stephen Barry. "Threaded Podcasting: The Evolution of On-Line Learning". Dan Remenyi Proceedings of the International Conference on e-Learning, Université du Québec à Montréal, 22-23 June 2006: 516, Academic Conferences Limited. ISBN 1905305222.
12. ^ Hossein Bidgoli (2004). The Internet Encyclopedia. John Wiley and Sons, 277. ISBN 0471222011.
13. ^ David Crystal (2001). Language and the Internet. Cambridge University Press, 34. ISBN 0-521-80212-1.
14. ^ Victoria Clarke (2002-01-30). Internet English: an analysis of the variety of language used on Telnet talkers (PDF).
15. ^ Sheryl Lindsell-Roberts. Strategic Business Letters and E-Mail. Houghton Mifflin, 289. ISBN 0618448330.
16. ^ Neda Ulaby (2006-02-18). OMG: IM Slang Is Invading Everyday English. Digital Culture. National Public Radio.
17. ^ jadedlistener (2006-02-25). OMG, that's, like, so uninteresting!.
18. ^ Kristen Philipkoski. "The Web Not the Death of Language", Wired News, 2005-02-22.
19. ^ Geoffrey K. Pullum (2005-01-23). English in Deep Trouble?. Language Log. Retrieved on 2007-05-03.
Further reading
- Russ Armadillo Coffman (1990-01-17). "smilies collection". [news://rec.humor rec.humor]. (Google Groups). Retrieved on 2006-12-22. — an early Usenet posting of a folk dictionary of abbreviations and emoticons, listing "LOL" and "ROTFL"
- Connery, Brian A. (1997-02-25). "IMHO: Authority and egalitarian rhetoric in the virtual coffeehouse", in Porter, D.: Internet Culture. New York: Routledge, 161–179. ISBN 0415916844.
- Ryan Goudelocke (August 2004). "CREDIBILITY AND AUTHORITY ON INTERNET MESSAGE-BOARDS" (PDF). Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College.
See also
LOL or Lol may refer to:
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Words
- LOL, an acronym or abbreviation of "laughing out loud", "lots of luck", "laugh out loud", "lots of love" or "lots of laughs"
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Internet slang/language is slang that Internet users have coined and promulgated. Such terms typically originated with the purpose of saving keystrokes, and many people use the same abbreviations in text messages. They are also very commonly used in instant messaging.
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Usenet (USEr NETwork) is a global, decentralized, distributed Internet discussion system that evolved from a general purpose UUCP architecture of the same name. It was conceived by Duke University graduate students Tom Truscott and Jim Ellis in 1979.
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Computer-Mediated Communication (CMC) can be defined broadly as any form of data exchange across two or more networked computers. More frequently, the term is narrowed to include only those communications that occur via computer-mediated formats (i.e.
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Yahoo! Messenger is a popular advertisement-supported instant messaging client and associated protocol provided by Yahoo!. Yahoo! Messenger is provided free of charge and can be downloaded and used with a generic "Yahoo! ID" which also allows access to other Yahoo! services, such
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MSN Messenger is a freeware instant messaging client that was developed and distributed by Microsoft in 1999 to 2005 and in 2007 for computers running the Microsoft Windows operating system (except Windows Vista), and aimed towards home users.
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The face-to-face relation refers to a concept in the French philosopher Emmanuel Lévinas' thought on human sociality.
Lévinas' phenomenological account of the "face-to-face" encounter serves as the basis for his ethics and the rest of his philosophy.
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Lévinas' phenomenological account of the "face-to-face" encounter serves as the basis for his ethics and the rest of his philosophy.
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Acronyms and initialisms are abbreviations, such as NATO, laser, and IBM, that are formed using the initial letters of words or word parts in a phrase or name.
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emoticon is a symbol or combination of symbols used to convey emotional content in written or message form. Some examples of text-based emoticons include: :-) :-( ;-)
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History
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smiley, smiley face, or happy face, is a stylized representation of a smiling human face, commonly represented as a yellow button with two dots representing eyes and a half circle representing the mouth.
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Folklore is the body of expressive culture, including tales, music, dance, legends, oral history, proverbs, jokes, popular beliefs, customs, and so forth within a particular population comprising the traditions (including oral traditions) of that culture, subculture, or group.
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Internet Relay Chat (IRC) is a form of real-time Internet chat or synchronous conferencing. It is mainly designed for group (many-to-many) communication in discussion forums called channels, but also allows one-to-one communication and data transfers via private message.
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Stevens Institute of Technology is a technological university located on a 55 acre (223,000 m²) campus in Hoboken, New Jersey, USA, founded in 1870 on the basis of an 1868 bequest from Edwin A. Stevens.
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A podcast is a digital media file, or a related collection of such files, which is distributed over the Internet using syndication feeds for playback on portable media players and personal computers.
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Professor David Crystal, OBE (born 1941 in Lisburn, Northern Ireland, UK) is a linguist, academic and author. He grew up in Holyhead, North Wales, and Liverpool, England where he attended St Mary's College from 1951.
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International Phonetic Alphabet
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The International
Phonetic Alphabet
History
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Extended IPA
Naming conventions
IPA for English The
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Note: This page may contain IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode.
The International
Phonetic Alphabet
History
Nonstandard symbols
Extended IPA
Naming conventions
IPA for English The
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Unicode is an industry standard allowing computers to consistently represent and manipulate text expressed in any of the world's writing systems. Developed in tandem with the Universal Character Set standard and published in book form as The Unicode Standard
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International Phonetic Alphabet
Note: This page may contain IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode.
The International
Phonetic Alphabet
History
Nonstandard symbols
Extended IPA
Naming conventions
IPA for English The
..... Click the link for more information.
Note: This page may contain IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode.
The International
Phonetic Alphabet
History
Nonstandard symbols
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Naming conventions
IPA for English The
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Johannes Gensfleisch zur Laden zum Gutenberg (c. 1400 – February 3, 1468) was a German goldsmith and printer, who is credited with inventing movable type printing in Europe (c. 1439) and mechanical printing globally.
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Movable Type is a weblog publishing system developed by California-based Six Apart. It was publicly announced on 3 September 2001,[2] and version 1.0 was publicly released on 8 October 2001.
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Professor Geoffrey K. Pullum (born March 8, 1945 in Irvine, Scotland) is a linguist specialising in the study of English. (The surname Pullum is pronounced ['pʊləm].
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Instant messaging (IM) is a form of real-time communication between two or more people based on typed text. The text is conveyed via computers connected over a network such as the Internet.
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English}}}
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German language (Deutsch, ] ) is a West Germanic language and one of the world's major languages.
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Official language of: Wales (de facto)
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Official language of: Wales (de facto)
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ISO 639-1: cy
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