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Information about Jyutping

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Jyutping
Traditional Chinese:粵拼
Simplified Chinese:粤拼
Jyutping (sometimes spelled Jyutpin) is a romanization system for Standard Cantonese developed by the Linguistic Society of Hong Kong (LSHK) in 1993. Its formal name is The Linguistic Society of Hong Kong Cantonese Romanization Scheme. The LSHK promotes the use of this romanization system.

The name Jyutping is a contraction consisting of the first Chinese characters of the terms jyut jyu (, literally "Cantonese") and ping jam (, literally "phonetic alphabet").
Chinese romanization
Mandarin for Standard Mandarin
    Hanyu Pinyin (ISO official)
    EFEO
    Gwoyeu Romatzyh
        Spelling conventions
    Latinxua Sin Wenz
    Mandarin Phonetic Symbols II
    Chinese Postal Map Romanization
    Tongyong Pinyin
    Wade-Giles
    Yale
    Legge romanization
    Simplified Wade
    Comparison chart
Cantonese for Standard Cantonese
    Guangdong Romanization
    Hong Kong Government
    Jyutping
    Meyer-Wempe
    Sidney Lau
    S. L. Wong (phonetic symbols)
    S. L. Wong (romanisation)
    Standard Cantonese Pinyin
    Standard Romanization
    Yale
Wu
    Long-short (romanization)
Min Nan
for Taiwanese, Xiamen, and related
    Pe̍h-oē-jī
For Hainanese
    Hainanhua Pinyin Fang'an
For Teochew
    Peng'im
Min Dong for Fuzhou dialect
    Foochow Romanized
Hakka for Moiyan dialect
    Kejiahua Pinyin Fang'an
For Siyen dialect
    Phak-fa-sṳ
See also:
   General Chinese (Chao Yuenren)
   Cyrillization
   Xiao'erjing
   Zhuyin
   Romanisation in Singapore
This box:  •  • [ edit]
Note: This page or section contains IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. See International Phonetic Alphabet for a pronunciation key.

Initials

b
/p/
?		p
/pʰ/
?		m
/m/
?		f
/f/
?
d
/t/
?		t
/tʰ/
?		n
/n/
?		l
/l/
?
g
/k/
?		k
/kʰ/
?		ng
/ŋ/
?		h
/h/
?
gw
/kʷ/
?		kw
/kʷʰ/
?		w
/w/
?		 
z
/ts/
?		c
/tsʰ/
?		s
/s/
?		j
/j/
?

Finals

aa
/aː/
?		aai
/aːi/
?		aau
/aːu/
?		aam
/aːm/
?		aan
/aːn/
?		aang
/aːŋ/
?		aap
/aːp/
?		aat
/aːt/
?		aak
/aːk/
?
 ai
/ɐi/
?		au
/ɐu/
?		am
/ɐm/
?		an
/ɐn/
?		ang
/ɐŋ/
?		ap
/ɐp/
?		at
/ɐt/
?		ak
/ɐk/
?
e
/ɛː/
?		ei
/ei/
?		eu
/ɛːu/
掉[1]		em
/ɛːm/
舐[1]		 eng
/ɛːŋ/
?		ep
/ɛːp/
夾[1]		 ek
/ɛːk/
?
i
/iː/
?		 iu
/iːu/
?		im
/iːm/
?		in
/iːn/
?		ing
/ɪŋ/
?		ip
/iːp/
?		it
/iːt/
?		ik
/ɪk/
?
o
/ɔː/
?		oi
/ɔːi/
?		ou
/ou/
?		 on
/ɔːn/
?		ong
/ɔːŋ/
?		 ot
/ɔːt/
?		ok
/ɔːk/
?
u
/uː/
?		ui
/uːi/
?		  un
/uːn/
?		ung
/ʊŋ/
?		 ut
/uːt/
?		uk
/ʊk/
?
oe
/œː/
?		    oeng
/œːŋ/
?		  oek
/œːk/
?
 eoi
/ɵy/
?		  eon
/ɵn/
?		  eot
/ɵt/
?		 
yu
/yː/
?		   yun
/yːn/
?		  yut
/yːt/
?		 
   m
/m̩/
?		 ng
/ŋ̩/
?		   
  • The finals m and ng can only be used as standalone nasal syllables.
  • ^ ^ ^  Referring to the colloquial pronunciation of these words.

Tones

There are nine tones in six distinct tone contours in Cantonese. However, as three of the nine are Ru tones (入聲), which only appear in syllables ending with p, t, and k, they do not have separate tone numbers in Jyutping (though they do in Yale; these are shown in parentheses in table below).
Tone name Yīn Píng
(陰平)		Yīn Shàng
(陰上)		Yīn Qù
(陰去)		Yáng Píng
(陽平)		Yáng Shàng
(陽上)		Yáng Qù
(陽去)		Yīn Rù
(陰入)		Zhōng Rù
(中入)		Yáng Rù
(陽入)
Tone Number1234561 (7)3 (8)6 (9)
Tone name in Englishhigh level or high fallingmid risingmid levellow fallinglow risinglow levelentering high levelentering mid levelentering low level
Contour55 / 53353321 / 111322532
Character Example分粉?焚奮?忽發? !Example |fan1||fan2||fan3 |fan4||fan5||fan6 |fat1||faat3||fat6

Comparison with Yale Romanization

Jyutping and the Yale romanization system represent Cantonese pronunciations with the same letters in:
  • The initials: b, p, m, f, d, t, n, l, g, k, ng, h, s, gw, kw, w.
  • The vowel: aa (except when using alone), a, e, i, o, u,yu.
  • The nasal consonant: m, ng.
  • The coda: i, u, m, n, ng, p, t, k.
But they have difference with the following exceptions:
  • The vowels eo and oe represent /ɵ/ and /œː/ respectively in Jyutping, while the eu represents both vowels in Yale.
  • The initial j represents /j/ in Jyutping while y is used instead in Yale.
  • The initial z represents /ts/ in Jyutping while j is used instead in Yale.
  • The initial c represents /tsʰ/ in Jyutping while ch is used instead in Yale.
  • In Jyutping, if no consonant precedes the vowel yu, then the initial j is appended before the vowel. In Yale, the corresponding initial y is never appended before yu under any circumstances.
  • Jyutping defines three finals not in Yale: eu /ɛːu/, em /ɛːm/, and ep /ɛːp/. These three finals are used in colloquial Cantonese words, such as deu6 (掉), lem2 (舐), and gep6 (夾).
  • To represent tones, only tone numbers are used in Jyutping while Yale originally uses tone marks together with the letter h (though tone numbers can be used in Yale as well).

Comparison with Standard Cantonese Pinyin

Jyutping and the Standard Cantonese Pinyin represent Cantonese pronunciations with the same letters in:
  • The initials: b, p, m, f, d, t, n, l, g, k, ng, h, s, gw, kw, j, w.
  • The vowel: aa, a, e, i, o, u.
  • The nasal consonant: m, ng.
  • The coda: i (except of being the coda /y/ in Jyutping), u, m, n, ng, p, t, k.
But they have some differences:
  • The vowels oe represent /ɵ/ and /œː/ in Standard Cantonese Pinyin while the eo and oe represent /ɵ/ and /œː/ respectively in Jyutping.
  • The vowel y represent /y/ in Standard Cantonese Pinyin while both yu (use in nucleus) and i (use in coda) is used in Jyutping.
  • The initial dz represents /ts/ in Standard Cantonese Pinyin while z is used instead in Jyutping.
  • The initial ts represents /tsʰ/ in Standard Cantonese Pinyin while c is used instead in Jyutping.
  • To represent tone, numbers 1 to 9 are usually used in Standard Cantonese Pinyin (as in Yale), though substituting 1, 3, and 6 for 7, 8, and 9 is acceptable. However, only numbers 1 to 6 are used in Jyutping.

Examples

Traditional Simplified Romanization
廣州?广州?gwong2 zau1 waa2
粵?粤?jyut6 jyu5
你?你?nei5 hou2


Try to write an old Chinese poem:

春曉　　孟浩然Ceon1 Hiu2　　Maang6 Hou6jin4
春眠不覺曉，Ceon1 min4 bat1 gok3 hiu2,
處處聞啼鳥。cyu3 cyu3 man4 tai4 niu5.
夜來風雨聲，Je6 loi4 fung1 jyu5 sing1,
花落知多少？faa1 lok6 zi1 do1 siu2?

Jyutping input method

The Jyutping method (Traditional Chinese: 粵拼輸入法) refers to a family of input methods based on the Jyutping romanization system.

The Jyutping method allows a user to input Chinese characters by entering the jyutping of a Chinese character (with or without tone, depending on the system) and then presenting the user with a list of possible characters with that pronunciation.

List of Cantonese phonetic methods

External links

Traditional Chinese
Child systems Simplified Chinese
Chữ Nôm
Sister systems Hanja, Kanji

ISO 15924 Hant

Note: This page may contain IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode.
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Simplified Chinese

Sister systems Kanji, Chữ Nôm

ISO 15924 Hans

Note: This page may contain IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode.
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This page contains Chinese text.
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Standard Mandarin, also known as Modern Standard Chinese
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  • **
Pinyin, more formally called Hanyu Pinyin (Simplified Chinese: 汉语拼音; Traditional Chinese: 漢語拼音
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Cantonese or Yue (粵語) is a major Chinese dialect group or language, a member of the Sino-Tibetan family of languages. The exact number of Cantonese speakers is unknown due to a lack of statistics and census data.
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romanization (or Latinization, also spelled romanisation or Latinisation) is the representation of a word or language with the Roman (Latin) alphabet, or a system for doing so, where the original word or language uses a different writing system (or none).
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Standard Cantonese is a variant of Cantonese Chinese, generally considered to be the prestige dialect. It is spoken natively in and around the cities of Guangzhou, Hong Kong, and Macau in Southern China by 100 million people.
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The Linguistic Society of Hong Kong (LSHK) is a non-profit academic association, which was formally registered as a charitable organization in Hong Kong on March 8, 1986.
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19th century - 20th century - 21st century
1960s  1970s  1980s  - 1990s -  2000s  2010s  2020s
1990 1991 1992 - 1993 - 1994 1995 1996

Year 1993 (MCMXCIII
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In traditional grammar, a contraction is the formation of a new word from two or more individual words. This often is a result of a common sequence of words, or, as in French, to maintain a flowing sound.
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This page contains Chinese text.
Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Chinese characters.


A Chinese character or Han character (Simplified Chinese:
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Cantonese or Yue (粵語) is a major Chinese dialect group or language, a member of the Sino-Tibetan family of languages. The exact number of Cantonese speakers is unknown due to a lack of statistics and census data.
..... Click the link for more information.
The romanization of Chinese is the use of the Latin alphabet to write Chinese. Chinese has been written in Chinese characters since about 1500 B.C. Chinese characters do not represent phonemes directly.

There are many uses for Chinese romanization systems.
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This page contains Chinese text.
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Mandarin
官話 Guānhuà
Spoken in: People's Republic of China 
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Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Chinese characters.


Standard Mandarin, also known as Modern Standard Chinese
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  • **
Pinyin, more formally called Hanyu Pinyin (Simplified Chinese: 汉语拼音; Traditional Chinese: 漢語拼音
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Gwoyeu Romatzyh (literally "National [Language] Romanization"),[1] abbreviated GR, is a system for writing Mandarin Chinese in the Latin alphabet. The system was conceived by Y.R.
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The spelling of Gwoyeu Romatzyh (GR) can be divided into its treatment of initials, finals and tones. GR uses contrasting unvoiced/voiced pairs of consonants to represent aspirated and unaspirated initials in Chinese: for example b and p
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Latinxua Sin Wenz (Chinese: 拉丁化新文字; Pinyin: Lādīnghuà Xīn Wénzì; also known as Sin Wenz, Latinxua Sinwenz,
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Mandarin Phonetic Symbols II (國語注音符號第二式), abbreviated MPS II, is a romanization system formerly used in the Republic of China (Taiwan).
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Chinese Postal Map Romanization (Traditional Chinese: 郵政式拼音; Pinyin: Yóuzhèngshì Pīnyīn) refers to the system of romanization for Chinese place names which came into use in the late Qing dynasty and was officially sanctioned by
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Tongyong Pinyin (Chinese: 通用拼音; Pinyin: Tōngyòng pīnyīn
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Wade-Giles /ˌweɪdˈʤaɪlz/ (Simplified Chinese: 威妥玛拼音 or 韦氏拼音
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Legge romanization is a transcription system for Mandarin Chinese, used by the prolific 19th century sinologist James Legge. It was replaced by the Wade-Giles system, which itself has been mostly supplanted by Pinyin.
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Simplified Wade is a modification of the Wade-Giles romanization system for writing Mandarin Chinese. It was devised by the Swedish linguist Olov Bertil Anderson, who first published the system in 1970.
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romanizations of Standard Mandarin. This table includes a list of all syllables which are considered phonemically distinguishable within the language.

Note that Zhuyin has been included.
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Cantonese or Yue (粵語) is a major Chinese dialect group or language, a member of the Sino-Tibetan family of languages. The exact number of Cantonese speakers is unknown due to a lack of statistics and census data.
..... Click the link for more information.
Standard Cantonese is a variant of Cantonese Chinese, generally considered to be the prestige dialect. It is spoken natively in and around the cities of Guangzhou, Hong Kong, and Macau in Southern China by 100 million people.
..... Click the link for more information.
Guangdong Romanization refers to the four romanization schemes published by the Guangdong Provincial Education Department in 1960 for transliterating the Standard Cantonese, Teochew, Hakka, and Hainanese spoken varieties of Chinese.
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The Hong Kong Government Cantonese Romanisation (not an official name) is the more or less consistent way for romanising Cantonese proper nouns employed by the Hong Kong Government departments and many non-governmental organisations in Hong Kong.
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