Information about Joseph I Of Portugal

Portuguese Royalty House of Braganza John IV Children include    Teodsio, Prince of Brazil    Joana, Princess of Beira    Infanta Catarina, Queen of England    Afonso, Prince of Brazil (future Afonso VI)    Infante Pedro, Duke of Beja (future Peter II) Afonso VI Peter II Children include    Isabel Lusa, Princess of Beira    Joo, Prince of Brazil (future John V)    Infante Francisco, Duke of Beja    Infante Antnio    Infante Manuel, Count of Ourm    Infanta Francisca    Lusa, Duchess of Cadaval (natural daughter)    Jos, Archbishop of Braga (natural son) John V Children include    Infanta Brbara, Queen of Spain    Jos, Prince of Brazil and Duke of Braganza (future Joseph I)    Pedro, Prince of Brazil and Duke of Braganza (future Peter III) Joseph I Children include    Maria Francisca, Princess of Brazil (future Maria I)    Infanta Mariana Francisca    Infanta Doroteia     Benedita, Dowager Princess of Brazil Maria I and Peter III Children include    Jos, Prince of Brazil    Joo, Prince Royal and Duke of Braganza (future John VI)    Infanta Mariana Vitria John VI Children include    Maria Teresa, Princess of Beira    Infanta Maria Isabel, Queen of Spain    Infante Pedro, Prince Royal and Duke of Braganza (future Pedro IV of Portugal and I of Brazil)    Infanta Maria Francisca    Infanta Isabel Maria    Infante Miguel, Duke of Braganza (future Miguel I)    Infanta Maria da Assuno    Infanta Ana de Jesus Maria, Marchioness of Loul Pedro IV (I of Brazil) Children include    Infanta Maria da Glria, Duchess of Porto (future Maria II)    Januria, Princess Imperial of Brazil    Princess Francisca, Princess de Joinville    Prince Pedro (Pedro II of Brazil) Michael I Children include    Infanta Maria das Neves, Duchess of San Jaime    Miguel II, Duke of Braganza    Infanta Teresa, Archduchess of Austria    Infanta Maria Jos, Duchess in Bavaria    Infanta Adelgundes, Duchess of Guimares, Countess di Bardi    Infanta Maria Ana, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg    Infanta Maria Antnia, Duchess of Parma Grandchildren include    Duarte Nuno, Duke of Braganza Great-Grandchildren include    Duarte Pio, Duke of Braganza    Infante Miguel, Duke of Viseu    Infante Henrique, Duke of Coimbra Great-Great-Grandchildren include    Afonso, Prince of Beira    Infanta Maria Francisca    Infante Dinis, Duke of Porto Maria II and Ferdinand II Children include    Pedro, Duke of Braganza (future Pedro V)    Infante Lus, Duke of Porto (future Lus I)    Infante Joo, Duke of Beja    Infanta Maria Ana, Princess of Saxony    Infanta Antnia, Princess of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen    Infante Augusto, Duke of Coimbra Grandchildren include    Carlos, Duke of Braganza (future Carlos I) Great-grandchildren include    Lus Filipe, Duke of Braganza    Infante Manuel, Duke of Beja (future Manuel II)

Joseph I of Portugal (Portuguese José, pron. IPA /ʒu'zɛ/), the Reformer (Port. o Reformador), 25th (or 26th according to some historians) King of the Kingdom of Portugal and Algarves, was born in Lisbon, on June 6, 1714. He was the third child of King John V of Portugal and his wife Mary Anne Josepha of Austria. Joseph had an older brother, Peter, but he died at the age of two.

At the death of his elder brother, José became Prince of Brazil as the heir-apparent of the king, and 15th Duke of Braganza.

In 1729, Joseph married a Spanish princess, Marianne Victoria of Borbón, daughter of Philip V of Spain and Elizabeth Farnese, and his elder sister Barbara married the future Ferdinand VI of Spain. Marianne loved music and hunting, but she was also a serious woman, who disliked the King's affairs and had no problems about talking about them to everybody. Joseph and Marianne had only four daughters:

• Maria Francisca (Mary Frances) (1734-1816) - The future Queen Mary I
• Maria Ana Francisca Josefa (Marianne) (1736-1813)
• Maria Francisca Doroteia (Mary Frances Dorothea) (1739-1771)
• Maria Francisca Benedita (Mary Frances Benedicta) (1746-1829) - She would marry her nephew Prince Joseph.

Joseph was devoted to the Church and the opera. He succeeded to the Portuguese throne in 1750, when he was 35 years old, and almost immediately placed effective power in the hands of Sebastião José de Carvalho e Mello, better known today as the Marquis of Pombal. Indeed the history of Joseph's reign is really that of Pombal himself. King José also declared his eldest daughter Maria Francisca as the official heiress of the throne, and proclaimed her Princess of Brazil. The king did not believe that any longer a son would be born to him.

The powerful marquis sought to overhaul all aspects of economic, social and colonial policy to make Portugal a more efficient contender with the other great powers of Europe, and thus secure her own power status as a result. A conspiracy of nobles aimed (allegedly) at murdering King Joseph and the marquis gave Pombal the pretext to get rid of his personal enemies, the Távora family, and to expel the Jesuits in September 1759, thus gaining control of public education and a wealth of church lands.

The reign of Joseph was also famous for the great Lisbon earthquake of November 1, 1755, in which around 100,000 people lost their lives. The earthquake caused Joseph to develop a severe case of claustrophobia and he was never again comfortable living within a walled building. Consequently, he moved the royal court to an extensive complex of tents in the hills of Ajuda. The capital was eventually rebuilt at great cost, and an equestrian statue of King Joseph still dominates Lisbon's main plaza.

With Joseph's death on 24 February 1777 the throne passed to his daughter Mary I and Pombal's iron rule was sharply brought to an end.

Ancestors

									John IV of Portugal
						Peter II of Portugal
									Luisa of Medina-Sidonia (Luisa de Guzmán)
			John V of Portugal
									Philipp Wilhelm, Elector Palatine
						Maria Sophia of Neuburg
									Magdalene of Bavaria
Joseph I of Portugal
									Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor
						Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor
									Maria Anna of Spain
			Mary Anne of Austria
									Philipp Wilhelm, Elector Palatine
						Eleonore-Magdalena of Pfalz-Neuburg
									Elisabeth of Hessen-Darmstadt

Marriages and descendants

Joseph married Marianne Victoria of Borbón, daughter of Philip V of Spain and Elisabeth Farnese of Parma. He had four daughters, all named Maria.

Name	Birth	Death	Notes
By Marianne Victoria of Borbón (March 31 1718-January 15 1781; married on January 19 1729)
Princess Maria Francisca Isabel	December 17 1734	March 20 1816	Princess of Brazil (1750-1777). Succeeded Joseph as 26th (or 27th according to some historians) monarch and first Queen regnant of Portugal.
Infanta Maria Ana	October 7 1736	May 16 1813
Infanta Maria Francisca Doroteia	September 21 1739	January 14 1771
Infanta Maria Francisca Benedita	July 25 1746	August 18 1829	Married her nephew Joseph, Prince of Beira.

Joseph I of Portugal House of Braganza Cadet branch of the House of Aviz Born: 6 June 1714 Died: 24 February 1777
Regnal titles
Preceded by John V	King of Portugal and the Algarves 1750 – 1777	Succeeded by Maria I

•  • [ e] Monarchs of Portugal
House of Burgundy	Afonso I • Sancho I • Afonso II • Sancho II • Afonso III • Denis • Afonso IV • Peter I • Ferdinand I • Beatrice (disputed)
House of Aviz	John I • Edward • Afonso V • John II
House of Aviz-Beja	Manuel I • John III • Sebastian • Henry • Anthony (disputed)
House of Habsburg	Philip I • Philip II • Philip III
House of Braganza	John IV • Afonso VI • Peter II • John V • Joseph • Maria I with Peter III • John VI • Pedro IV • Miguel • Maria II with Ferdinand II
House of Braganza-Wettin'''	Pedro V • Lus • Carlos • Manuel II