Information about Ingvaeonic
Ingvaeonic, also known as North Sea Germanic, is a postulated grouping of the West Germanic languages that would fork into Old Frisian, Old English and Old Saxon and according to some the local dialect of West-Flanders. It must not be thought of as a monolithic proto-language, but as a group of closely related dialects that were also influenced by other groups of Germanic dialects.
North Sea Germanic has been proposed by the German linguist Friedrich Maurer who criticized the strict tree diagrams that had been used for the subdivision of language families since 19th century linguist August Schleicher. He rejected Anglo-Frisian as a historical subdivision of West Germanic.
Ingvaeonic is named after the Ingvaeones, a West Germanic cultural group or proto-tribe along the North Sea coast. However, the identification of North Sea Germanic, the common ancestor of Old Frisian, Old English and Old Saxon with the language of the Ingvaeones is disputed.
North Sea Germanic has been proposed by the German linguist Friedrich Maurer who criticized the strict tree diagrams that had been used for the subdivision of language families since 19th century linguist August Schleicher. He rejected Anglo-Frisian as a historical subdivision of West Germanic.
Ingvaeonic is named after the Ingvaeones, a West Germanic cultural group or proto-tribe along the North Sea coast. However, the identification of North Sea Germanic, the common ancestor of Old Frisian, Old English and Old Saxon with the language of the Ingvaeones is disputed.
Characteristics
Linguistic evidence for Ingvaeonic are common innovations observed in Old Frisian, Old English and Old Saxon such as the Ingvaeonic nasal spirant law, the loss of the Germanic reflexive pronoun, the monophthongization of Germanic *ai to ē/ā, and deflexion such as the reduction of the three Germanic verbal plural forms into one form.References
- (German) Stefan Sonderegger (1979): Grundzüge deutscher Sprachgeschichte. Diachronie des Sprachsystems. Band I: Einführung – Genealogie – Konstanten. Berlin/New York: Walter de Gruyter. ISBN 3-11-003570-7
West Germanic languages constitute the largest branch of the Germanic family of languages and include languages such as German, Yiddish, English and Frisian, as well as Dutch and Afrikaans. The other branches of the Germanic languages are the North and East Germanic languages.
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Old Frisian was the West Germanic language spoken between the 8th and 16th centuries by the people who had settled in the area between the Rhine and Elbe on the European North Sea coast in the 4th and 5th centuries. Their ancient homes were originally North Germany and Denmark.
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Old English/Anglo-Saxon}}}
Language codes
ISO 639-1: none
ISO 639-2: ang
ISO 639-3: ang Old English (also called Anglo-Saxon[1], Englisc
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Language codes
ISO 639-1: none
ISO 639-2: ang
ISO 639-3: ang Old English (also called Anglo-Saxon[1], Englisc
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Old Saxon, also known as Old Low German, is the earliest recorded form of Low Saxon, documented from the 9th century until the 12th century, when it evolved into Middle Low German. It was spoken on the north-west coast of Germany and in Denmark by Saxon peoples.
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West Flemish (West Flemish: Vlaemsch, Dutch: West-Vlaams, French: Flamand occidental) is a group of dialects spoken in parts of the Netherlands, Belgium, and France.
The West Flemish dialect is spoken by around 1.
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The West Flemish dialect is spoken by around 1.
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Olympic medal record
Men's handball
Silver 1936 Berlin Team competition
Friedrich "Fritz" Maurer (born June 18, 1912 - died July 10, 1958) was an Austrian field handball player who competed in the 1936 Summer Olympics.
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Men's handball
Silver 1936 Berlin Team competition
Friedrich "Fritz" Maurer (born June 18, 1912 - died July 10, 1958) was an Austrian field handball player who competed in the 1936 Summer Olympics.
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The term tree diagram is used in different ways in different disciplines. (Also used in math)
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- In mathematics and statistical methods, a tree diagram is used to determine the probability of getting specific results where the possibilities are nested.
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A language family is a group of languages related by descent from a common ancestor, called the proto-language. As with biological families, the evidence of relationship is observable shared characteristics.
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August Schleicher (February 19, 1821 – December 6, 1868) was a German linguist. His great work was A Compendium of the Comparative Grammar of the Indo-European Languages, in which he attempted to reconstruct the Proto-Indo-European language.
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The Anglo-Frisian languages are a subdivision of the Germanic Languages Dutch (West Germanic)
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The Ingaevones or Ingvaeones, as described in Tacitus's Germania, written ca 98 CE, were a West Germanic cultural group living along the North Sea coast in the areas of Jutland, Holstein, Frisia and the Danish islands, where they had by the first century
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In historical linguistics, the Ingvaeonic nasal spirant law (also called the Anglo-Frisian or North Sea Germanic nasal spirant law) is a description of a phonological development in some dialects of West Germanic, which is attested in Old English, Old Frisian, and Old
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reflexive pronoun is a pronoun that is preceded by the noun or pronoun to which it refers (its antecedent) within the same clause. In generative grammar, a reflexive pronoun is an anaphor that must be bound by its antecedent (see binding).
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A monophthong (Greek μονόφθογγος, "monophthongos" = single note) is a "pure" vowel sound, one whose articulation at both beginning and end is relatively fixed, and which does not glide up or down towards a new position
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Deflexion is a linguistic process related to inflectional languages (like all members of the Indo-European language family) reflecting a gradual decline of the inflectional morphemes (atomic semantic units) bound to lexemes (abstract word units).
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verb is a word belonging to the part of speech that usually denotes an action (bring, read), an occurrence (decompose, glitter), or a state of being (exist, stand).
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Plural is a grammatical number, typically referring to more than one of the referent in the real world.
In the English language, singular and plural are the only grammatical numbers.
In English, nouns, pronouns, and demonstratives inflect for plurality.
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In the English language, singular and plural are the only grammatical numbers.
In English, nouns, pronouns, and demonstratives inflect for plurality.
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