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Information about Inferior Ramus Of The Ischium

Bone: Inferior ramus of the ischium
Right hip bone. External surface.
Latinramus inferior oss. ischii
subject #57 235
The Inferior Ramus of the ischium (ascending ramus) is the thin, flattened part of the ischium, which ascends from the superior ramus, and joins the inferior ramus of the pubis—the junction being indicated in the adult by a raised line.

The outer surface is uneven for the origin of the obturator externus and some of the fibers of the adductor magnus; its inner surface forms part of the anterior wall of the pelvis.

Its medial border is thick, rough, slightly everted, forms part of the outlet of the pelvis, and presents two ridges and an intervening space.

The ridges are continuous with similar ones on the inferior ramus of the pubis: to the outer is attached the deep layer of the superficial perineal fascia (fascia of Colles), and to the inner the inferior fascia of the urogenital diaphragm.

If these two ridges be traced downward, they will be found to join with each other just behind the point of origin of the transversus perinæi; here the two layers of fascia are continuous behind the posterior border of the muscle.

To the intervening space, just in front of the point of junction of the ridges, the transversus perinæi is attached, and in front of this a portion of the crus penis vel clitoridis and the ischiocavernosus.

Its lateral border is thin and sharp, and forms part of the medial margin of the obturator foramen.

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This article was originally based on an entry from a public domain edition of Gray's Anatomy. As such, some of the information contained herein may be outdated. Please edit the article if this is the case, and feel free to remove this notice when it is no longer relevant.
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Bones of pelvis/pelvic cavity
Generalsacrum, coccyx, hip bone
IliumArcuate line - Wing - gluteal lines (Posterior, Anterior, Inferior) - Fossa - Tuberosity - Crest - iliac spines (Anterior superior - Anterior inferior - Posterior superior - Posterior inferior)
IschiumBody (Ischial spine, Lesser sciatic notch) - Superior ramus (Tuberosity of the ischium) - Inferior ramus
PubisSuperior ramus (Pubic tubercle, Pubic crest, Obturator crest) - Inferior ramus (Pectineal line)
CompoundObturator foramen - Acetabulum - Acetabular notch - Greater sciatic notch - Iliopectineal eminence - Ischiopubic ramus - Pubic arch - Lesser pelvis (Pelvic inlet, Pelvic brim, Pelvic outlet) - Greater pelvis
The hip bone (or innominate bone) is a large, flattened, irregularly shaped bone, constricted in the center and expanded above and below. It is one of the few ball and socket synovial joints in the body.
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Latin}}} 
Official status
Official language of: Vatican City
Used for official purposes, but not spoken in everyday speech
Regulated by: Opus Fundatum Latinitas
Roman Catholic Church
Language codes
ISO 639-1: la
ISO 639-2: lat
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The ischium forms the lower and back part of the hip bone. It is situated below the ilium. The word comes from the Greek ischion, meaning "hip." (Taber's, 1985)

It is divisible into three portions:
  • Body of ischium
  • Superior ramus of the ischium

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The ischium forms the lower and back part of the hip bone. It is situated below the ilium. The word comes from the Greek ischion, meaning "hip." (Taber's, 1985)

It is divisible into three portions:
  • Body of ischium
  • Superior ramus of the ischium

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Superior ramus can refer to:
  • Superior ramus of the ischium
  • Superior pubic ramus

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Pubis may refer to the following:
  • Pubis (bone)
  • Mons pubis, a padding of fat that protects the pubis bone

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The obturator externus muscle is a muscle of the medial compartment of the thigh.

The obturator externus is a flat, triangular muscle, which covers the outer surface of the anterior wall of the pelvis.
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The adductor magnus is a large triangular muscle, situated on the medial side of the thigh.

The portion which arises from the ischiopubic ramus (a small part of the inferior ramus of the pubis, and the inferior ramus of the ischium) is called the "adductor portion", and the
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The Transversus perinei superficialis (Transversus perinei; Superficial transverse perineal muscle) is a narrow muscular slip, which passes more or less transversely across the perineal space in front of the anus.
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The Transversus perinei superficialis (Transversus perinei; Superficial transverse perineal muscle) is a narrow muscular slip, which passes more or less transversely across the perineal space in front of the anus.
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crura, which are firmly connected to the rami of the pubic arch.

Traced from behind forward, each crus begins by a blunt-pointed process in front of the tuberosity of the ischium.
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The ischiocavernosus muscle is a muscle just below the surface of the perineum, present in both men and women.

Function

It helps flex the anus, and (in males) stabilize the erect penis or (in females) tense the vagina.
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The obturator foramen is the hole created by the ischium and pubic bones of the pelvis through which nerves and muscles pass.
  • In the male it is large and of an oval form, its longest diameter slanting obliquely from before backward.

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The State University of New York Health Science Center at Brooklyn, better known as SUNY Downstate Medical Center, is an academic medical center and is the only one of its kind in the Borough of Brooklyn in New York City.
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Public domain comprises the body of knowledge and innovation (especially creative works such as writing, art, music, and inventions) in relation to which no person or other legal entity can establish or maintain proprietary interests within a particular legal jurisdiction.
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Henry Gray's Anatomy of the Human Body (or Gray's Anatomy as it has commonly been shortened) is an English-language human anatomy textbook widely regarded as a classic work on the subject.
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Bones are rigid organs that form part of the endoskeleton of vertebrates. They function to move, support, and protect the various organs of the body, produce red and white blood cells and store minerals.
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pelvis (pl. pelvises or pelves) is the bony structure located at the base of the spine (properly known as the caudal end). The pelvis incorporates the socket portion of the hip joint for each leg (in bipeds) or hind leg (in quadrupeds).
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The pelvic cavity is a body cavity that is bounded by the bones of the pelvis and which primarily contains reproductive organs, the urinary bladder, and the rectum.

Borders

The boundaries are as follows:
  • anterior: pubic symphysis

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The sacrum is a large, triangular bone at the base of the spine and at the upper and back part of the pelvic cavity, where it is inserted like a wedge between the two hip bones.
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The coccyx (pronounced kok-siks) (Latin: os coccygis), commonly referred to as the tailbone, is the final segment of the human vertebral column, of four fused vertebrae (the coccygeal vertebrae) below the sacrum.
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The hip bone (or innominate bone) is a large, flattened, irregularly shaped bone, constricted in the center and expanded above and below. It is one of the few ball and socket synovial joints in the body.
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For other uses, see Ilion (disambiguation).


The ilium of the pelvis is divisible into two parts, the body and the ala; the separation is indicated on the internal surface by a curved line, the arcuate line, and on the external surface by the margin
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For other arcuate lines, see arcuate line.
The arcuate line of the ilium is a smooth rounded border on the internal surface of the ilium. It is immediately inferior to the iliac fossa and Iliacus muscle.

It runs inferior, anterior, and medial.
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The wing of ilium (or ala) is the large expanded portion which bounds the greater pelvis laterally. It presents for examination two surfaces—an external and an internal—a crest, and two borders—an anterior and a posterior.
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The posterior gluteal line (superior curved line), the shortest of the three gluteal lines, begins at the crest, about 5 cm. in front of its posterior extremity; it is at first distinctly marked, but as it passes downward to the upper part of the greater sciatic notch,
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The anterior gluteal line (middle curved line), the longest of the three gluteal lines, begins at the crest, about 4 cm. behind its anterior extremity, and, taking a curved direction downward and backward, ends at the upper part of the greater sciatic notch.
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The inferior gluteal line (inferior curved line), the least distinct of the three gluteal lines, begins in front at the notch on the anterior border, and, curving backward and downward, ends near the middle of the greater sciatic notch.
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The iliac fossa is a large, smooth, concave surface on the internal surface of the ilium (part of the hip bone). The fossa is bounded above by the crest, and below by the arcuate line; in front and behind, by the anterior and posterior borders.
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