Information about Indian Spotted Eagle
| Indian Spotted Eagle | ||||||||||||||||
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) Adult Note wide mouth and dark eyes Adult Note wide mouth and dark eyes | ||||||||||||||||
| Conservation status | ||||||||||||||||
| Scientific classification | ||||||||||||||||
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| Binomial name | ||||||||||||||||
| Aquila hastata (Lesson, 1831) | ||||||||||||||||
) Range of A. hastata in dark green Range of A. hastata in dark green | ||||||||||||||||
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The Indian Spotted Eagle (Aquila hastata) is a large South Asian bird of prey. Like all typical eagles, it belongs to the family Accipitridae. The typical eagles are often united with the buteos, sea eagles and other more heaviset Accipitridae, but more recently it appears as if they are less distinct from the more slender accipitrine hawks than believed.
Description
The Indian Spotted Eagle is about 60 cm in length and has a wingspan of 150 cm. It is broad-headed, with the widest mouth of all spotted eagles[1]. This species has a lighter coloration overall compared to its relatives, with a darker iris that makes the eyes appear darker than the plumage (rather then the other way around as in the northern spotted eagles). Adults can be told apart from the Greater Spotted Eagle by its lighter color, darker eyes, and habitat preferences (see below). Juveniles, unlike the Lesser and Greater species, are not strongly spotted at all, making the common name somewhat misleading, and also lack the creamy buff nape patch of the juvenile Lesser Spotted Eagle.Systematics, taxonomy and evolution
The Indian Spotted Eagle was earlier considered the resident eastern subspecies of the Lesser Spotted Eagle but has proven quite distinct and readily separable by morphological, behavioral, ecological and DNA sequence data. The Indian lineage seems to have diverged around the middle Pliocene, perhaps some 3.6 million years ago[2], from the common ancestor of the Lesser and Greater Spotted Eagles. The "proto-Spotted Eagle" probably lived in the general region of Afghanistan, being split into a northern and a southern lineage when both glaciers and deserts advanced in Central Asia as the last ice age began.[3]The spotted eagles as a group are quite distinct from the typical members of Aquila, the "true eagles". They will probably be separated in Lophaetus, Ictinaetus or a genus of their own in the near future.
Distribution and ecology
This eagle is found in lightly wooded habitats in India. This species can often be approached quite closely for a large raptor. Unlike the Greater Spotted Eagle which is a winter visitor to Indian wetlands, this species does not show any special affinity for wetland habitats.Footnotes
1. ^ Parry et al. (2002)
2. ^ The estimate in Väli (2006) is certainly incorrect; it uses a molecular clock that is appropriate for small passerines with half the generation times of eagles.
3. ^ Parry et al. (2002), Rasmussen & Anderton (2005), Väli (2006)
2. ^ The estimate in Väli (2006) is certainly incorrect; it uses a molecular clock that is appropriate for small passerines with half the generation times of eagles.
3. ^ Parry et al. (2002), Rasmussen & Anderton (2005), Väli (2006)
References
- Parry, S.J.; Clark, W.S. & Prakash, V. (2002): On the taxonomic status of the Indian Spotted Eagle Aquila hastata. Ibis 144(4): 665-675. doi:10.1046/j.1474-919X.2002.00109.x (HTML abstract)
- Rasmussen, Pamela C. & Anderton, John C. (2005): Birds of South Asia - The Ripley Guide. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. ISBN 84-87334-67-9
- Väli, Ülo (2006): Mitochondrial DNA sequences support species status for the Indian Spotted Eagle Aquila hastata. Bull. B.O.C. 126(3): 238-242. PDF fulltext
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conservation status of a species is an indicator of the likelihood of that species continuing to survive either in the present day or the future. Many factors are taken into account when assessing the conservation status of a species: not simply the number remaining, but the
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vulnerable species is a species which is likely to become endangered unless the circumstances threatening its survival and reproduction improve. The following is a very small, non-representative fraction of the 8565 species listed as vulnerable on the IUCN Red List.
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Scientific classification or biological classification is a method by which biologists group and categorize species of organisms. Scientific classification also can be called scientific taxonomy, but should be distinguished from folk taxonomy, which lacks scientific basis.
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Chordata
Bateson, 1885
Typical Classes
See below
Chordates (phylum Chordata) are a group of animals that includes the vertebrates, together with several closely related invertebrates.
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Bateson, 1885
Typical Classes
See below
Chordates (phylum Chordata) are a group of animals that includes the vertebrates, together with several closely related invertebrates.
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Aves
Linnaeus, 1758
Orders
About two dozen - see section below
Birds (class Aves) are bipedal, warm-blooded, egg-laying vertebrate animals.
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Linnaeus, 1758
Orders
About two dozen - see section below
Birds (class Aves) are bipedal, warm-blooded, egg-laying vertebrate animals.
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Falconiformes
Sharpe, 1874
Families
Accipitridae
Pandionidae
Falconidae
Sagittariidae
The order Falconiformes is a group of about 290 species of birds that include the diurnal birds of prey.
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Sharpe, 1874
Families
Accipitridae
Pandionidae
Falconidae
Sagittariidae
The order Falconiformes is a group of about 290 species of birds that include the diurnal birds of prey.
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Accipitridae
Vieillot, 1816
Subfamilies
The Accipitridae
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Vieillot, 1816
Subfamilies
- Accipitrinae
- Aegypiinae
- Buteoninae
- Circaetinae
- Circinae
- Elaninae
- Milvinae
- Perninae
The Accipitridae
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Buteoninae
Genera
About 2 dozen, see article
Buteoninae is a bird of prey subfamily which consists of medium to large broad-winged species.
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Genera
About 2 dozen, see article
Buteoninae is a bird of prey subfamily which consists of medium to large broad-winged species.
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Aquila
Species
See text
Synonyms
Hieraaetus Kaup, 1844
and see text
Aquila is the genus of true eagles.
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Species
See text
Synonyms
Hieraaetus Kaup, 1844
and see text
Aquila is the genus of true eagles.
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binomial nomenclature is the formal system of naming species. The system is also called binominal nomenclature (particularly in zoological circles), binary nomenclature (particularly in botanical circles), or the binomial classification system.
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René Primevère Lesson (March 20, 1794 - April 28, 1849) was a French surgeon and naturalist.
Lesson was born at Rochefort, and at the age of sixteen he entered the Naval Medical School there.
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Lesson was born at Rochefort, and at the age of sixteen he entered the Naval Medical School there.
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South Asia, also known as Southern Asia, is a southern geopolitical region of the Asian continent comprising territories on and in proximity to the Indian subcontinent. It is surrounded by (from west to east) Western Asia, Central Asia, Eastern Asia, and Southeastern Asia.
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- Accipitriformes
- Pandionidae
- Accipitridae
- Sagittariidae
- Falconiformes
- Falconidae
A
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Eagles are large birds of prey which mainly inhabit Eurasia and Africa. Outside this area, just two species (the Bald and Golden Eagles) are found in North America north of Mexico, with a few more species in Central and South America, and three in Australia.
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Accipitridae
Vieillot, 1816
Subfamilies
The Accipitridae
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Vieillot, 1816
Subfamilies
- Accipitrinae
- Aegypiinae
- Buteoninae
- Circaetinae
- Circinae
- Elaninae
- Milvinae
- Perninae
The Accipitridae
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Buteo
Lacepede, 1799
Species
About 30, see text
Synonyms
Asturina
Buteo[1] is a genus of medium-sized wide-ranging raptors with a robust body and broad wings.
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Lacepede, 1799
Species
About 30, see text
Synonyms
Asturina
Buteo[1] is a genus of medium-sized wide-ranging raptors with a robust body and broad wings.
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Haliaeetus
Savigny, 1809
Species
Haliaeetus leucogaster
Haliaeetus sanfordi
Haliaeetus vocifer
Haliaeetus vociferoides
Haliaeetus leucoryphus
Haliaeetus albicilla
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Savigny, 1809
Species
Haliaeetus leucogaster
Haliaeetus sanfordi
Haliaeetus vocifer
Haliaeetus vociferoides
Haliaeetus leucoryphus
Haliaeetus albicilla
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Accipitridae
Vieillot, 1816
Subfamilies
The Accipitridae
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Vieillot, 1816
Subfamilies
- Accipitrinae
- Aegypiinae
- Buteoninae
- Circaetinae
- Circinae
- Elaninae
- Milvinae
- Perninae
The Accipitridae
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hawk refers to birds of prey in any of three senses:
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- In strict use in Europe and Asia, to mean any of the species in the bird subfamily Accipitrinae in the genera Accipiter, Micronisus, Melierax, Urotriorchis, and Megatriorchis.
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In anatomy, the iris (plural irises or irides) is the most visible part of the eye of vertebrates, including humans. The following describes the iris of vertebrates, not the independently evolved iris found in some cephalopods.
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A. pomarina
Binomial name
Aquila pomarina
Brehm, 1831
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Binomial name
Aquila pomarina
Brehm, 1831
Summer (light green) and winter (blue) ranges of A.
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The term morphology in biology refers to the outward appearance (shape, structure, color, pattern) of an organism or taxon and its component parts. This is in contrast to physiology, which deals primarily with function.
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Behavior or behaviour
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Ecology (also known as Oekologie, Okology, or Oekology[1],from Greek: οίκος, oikos, "household"; and λόγος, logos
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DNA sequence or genetic sequence is a succession of letters representing the primary structure of a real or hypothetical DNA molecule or strand, with the capacity to carry information.
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The Pliocene epoch (spelled Pleiocene in some older texts) is the period in the geologic timescale that extends from 5.332 million to 1.806 million years before present.
The Pliocene is the second epoch of the Neogene period in the Cenozoic era.
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The Pliocene is the second epoch of the Neogene period in the Cenozoic era.
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A. clanga
Binomial name
Aquila clanga
Pallas, 1811
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Binomial name
Aquila clanga
Pallas, 1811
Summer (light green) and winter (blue) ranges of A.
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