Information about Indian Regional Navigational Satellite System
The Indian Regional Navigational Satellite System (IRNSS) is a developmental autonomous regional satellite navigation system that is being constructed[1] and is controlled by the Indian government. It is intended to provide an absolute position accuracy of better than 20 meters throughout India and within a region extending approximately 1,500 to 2,000 km around it. A goal of complete Indian control has been stated, with the space segment, ground segment and user receivers all being built in India. The government approved the project in May 2006, with the intention it be implemented within six to seven years. The first satellite of the proposed constellation, developed at a cost of Rupee 1,600 crore (16,000 million rupees), is expected to be launched in 2009.[2]
It is unclear if recent dealings with the Russian government to restore their GLONASS system will supersede the IRNSS project or feed additional technical support to enable its completion.
The ground segment of IRNSS constellation would consist of a Master Control Center (MCC), ground stations to track and estimate the satellites' orbits and ensure the integrity of the network (IRIM), and additional ground stations to monitor the health of the satellites with the capability of issuing radio commands to the satellites (TT&C stations). The MCC would estimate and predict the position of all IRNSS satellites, calculate integrity, makes necessary ionospheric and clock corrections and run the navigation software. In pursuit of a highly independent system, an Indian standard time infrastructure would also be established.
CHU is the callsign of a shortwave radio station founded in 1929 in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. It was operated by the Dominion Observatory in Ottawa until 1970 when it was transferred to the Institute for National Measurement
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It is unclear if recent dealings with the Russian government to restore their GLONASS system will supersede the IRNSS project or feed additional technical support to enable its completion.
Technical Details
The proposed system would consist of a constellation of seven satellites and a support ground segment. Three of the satellites in the constellation will be placed in geostationary orbit and the remaining four in geosynchronous inclined orbit of 29° relative to the equatorial plane. Such an arrangement would mean all seven satellites would have continuous radio visibility with Indian control stations. The satellite payloads would consist of atomic clocks and electronic equipment to generate the navigation signals. The navigation signals themselves would be transmitted in the S-band frequency (2-4 GHz) and broadcast through a phased array antenna to maintain required coverage and signal strength. The satellites would weigh approximately 1,330 kg and their solar panels generate 1,400 watts of energy.The ground segment of IRNSS constellation would consist of a Master Control Center (MCC), ground stations to track and estimate the satellites' orbits and ensure the integrity of the network (IRIM), and additional ground stations to monitor the health of the satellites with the capability of issuing radio commands to the satellites (TT&C stations). The MCC would estimate and predict the position of all IRNSS satellites, calculate integrity, makes necessary ionospheric and clock corrections and run the navigation software. In pursuit of a highly independent system, an Indian standard time infrastructure would also be established.
References
Also see
[1]Time signal stations | |
|---|---|
| Longwave | DCF77 HBG JJY MSF TDF WWVB |
| Shortwave | BPM CHU RWM WWV WWVH YVTO |
| GNSS time transfer | Beidou Galileo GLONASS GPS IRNSS |
| Defunct time stations | OMA VNG |
Satellite navigation systems | |
|---|---|
| Historical | Transit |
| Operational | ){kind=small} / GLONASS GPS |
| Developmental | ){kind=small} Beidou/COMPASS ){kind=small} Galileo IRNSS ){kind=small} QZSS |
| Related topics | EGNOS GAGAN GPSC LAAS MSAS WAAS |
References and Footnotes
- ^ SATNAV Industry Meet 2006. ISRO Space India Newsletter. April - September 2006 Issue.
Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) is the standard generic term for satellite navigation systems that provide autonomous geo-spatial positioning with global coverage.
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India
This article is part of the series:
Politics and government of
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Union Government
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This article is part of the series:
Politics and government of
India
Union Government
Constitution
- Constitution of India
- Fundamental Rights,
Directive Principles
and Fundamental Duties
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Rupee (₨ or Rs.) (from Sanskrit rupyakam meaning coins of silver) is the common name for the currencies used in India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Mauritius, and the Seychelles; in Indonesia the unit of currency is known as the rupiah and in the Maldives the rufiyah.
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A crore (Devanagari: करोड़, Urdu alphabet: کروڑ) is a unit in the Indian numbering system, still widely used in Bangladesh, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka.
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GLONASS (Russian: ГЛОНАСС - ГЛОбальная НАвигационная
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A geostationary orbit (GEO) is a geosynchronous orbit directly above the Earth's equator (0° latitude), with orbital eccentricity of zero. From the ground, a geostationary object appears motionless in the sky and is therefore the orbit of most interest to operators
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A satellite is said to occupy an inclined orbit around the Earth if the orbit exhibits an angle other than zero degrees with the equatorial plane. This angle is called the orbit's inclination.
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The S band ranges from 2 to 4 GHz., crossing the imaginary boundary between UHF and SHF at 3.0 GHz. It is part of the microwave band of the electromagnetic spectrum.
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Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) is the standard generic term for satellite navigation systems that provide autonomous geo-spatial positioning with global coverage.
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Global Positioning System (GPS) is the only fully functional Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS). Utilizing a constellation of at least 24 medium Earth orbit satellites that transmit precise microwave signals, the system enables a GPS receiver to determine its
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A radio clock is a clock that is synchronized by a time code bit stream transmitted by a radio transmitter connected to a time standard such as an atomic clock. Such a clock may be synchronized to the time sent by a single transmitter, such as many national or regional time
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longwave radio broadcasting band is the range of frequencies lying between 148.5 and 283.5 kHz (corresponding to wavelengths between 1000 and 2000 metres).
This range is included within the low-frequency (LF) band, although the LF band covers a wider range than that used for
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This range is included within the low-frequency (LF) band, although the LF band covers a wider range than that used for
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DCF77 is a longwave time signal and standard-frequency radio station. Its primary and backup transmitter are located in Mainflingen, about 25 km south-east of Frankfurt, Germany.
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JJY is the call sign of a longwave time signal radio station.
The station is located in Japan and broadcasts from two sites, one on Mount Otakadoya, near Fukushima, and the other on Mount Hagane, located on Kyushu Island.
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The station is located in Japan and broadcasts from two sites, one on Mount Otakadoya, near Fukushima, and the other on Mount Hagane, located on Kyushu Island.
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Time from NPL is a radio signal broadcast from the Anthorn VLF transmitter near Anthorn, Cumbria which serves as the United Kingdom's national time reference.[1]
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WWVB is a special NIST time signal radio station near Fort Collins, Colorado, co-located with WWV. WWVB is the station that radio-controlled clocks throughout North America use to synchronize themselves.
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Shortwave radio operates between the frequencies of 3 MHz (3,000 kHz) and 30 MHz (30,000 kHz) [1] and came to be referred to as such in the early days of radio because the wavelengths associated with this frequency range were shorter than the long
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BPM is the People's Republic of China's national time signal service, operated by the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
It broadcasts at 2.5, 5, 10, and 15 MHz.
BPM is idiosyncratic in that it transmits UT1 time between minutes 25 through to 29 and 55 through to 59, which
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It broadcasts at 2.5, 5, 10, and 15 MHz.
BPM is idiosyncratic in that it transmits UT1 time between minutes 25 through to 29 and 55 through to 59, which
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For other uses, see Chu.
CHU is the callsign of a shortwave radio station founded in 1929 in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. It was operated by the Dominion Observatory in Ottawa until 1970 when it was transferred to the Institute for National Measurement
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RWM is the callsign of a shortwave radio station in Moscow, Russia. It is similar to WWV in that it broadcasts official time signals. However, unlike WWV, RWM does not broadcast any voice announcements, or any other sort of time-of-day information, choosing instead to broadcast
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WWV is the callsign of NIST's shortwave radio station located in Fort Collins, Colorado. WWV's main function is the continuous dissemination of official U.S. Government time signals. The station broadcasts simultaneously on five distinct frequencies: 2.5, 5, 10, 15 and 20 MHz.
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WWVH is the callsign of NIST's shortwave radio time signal station in Kekaha, on the island of Kauai in the state of Hawaii.
WWVH is the Pacific sister station to WWV, and has a similar broadcast format to WWV.
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WWVH is the Pacific sister station to WWV, and has a similar broadcast format to WWV.
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YVTO is the callsign of the official time signal from the Juan Manuel Cagigal Naval Observatory in Caracas, Venezuela. The content of YVTO's signal, which is a continuous 1 kW amplitude modulated carrier wave at 5 MHz, is much simpler than that broadcast by some of the other time
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Time transfer describes methods for transferring reference clock synchronization from one point to another, often over long distances. Radio-based navigation systems are frequently used as time transfer systems.
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Beidou Navigation System (Simplified Chinese: 北斗导航系统; pinyin: běidǒu dǎoháng xìtǒng) or Beidou Satellite Navigation and Positioning System
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This article contains information about a scheduled or expected .
It may contain preliminary information that does not reflect the final version of the product.
The Galileo positioning system
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It may contain preliminary information that does not reflect the final version of the product.
The Galileo positioning system
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GLONASS (Russian: ГЛОНАСС - ГЛОбальная НАвигационная
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Global Positioning System (GPS) is the only fully functional Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS). Utilizing a constellation of at least 24 medium Earth orbit satellites that transmit precise microwave signals, the system enables a GPS receiver to determine its
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OMA was the callsign of a Czech longwave time signal station (frequency: 50 kHz) . OMA was radiated from RKS Liblice 1 with a power of 5 kilowatts. OMA, which could be also used for steering radio controlled clocks, was shut down in 1995.
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Weblinks
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