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Information about Ife

IFE may refer to:
  • Ife, a city in Nigeria.
  • IFE, the Spanish acronym for the Mexican Federal Electoral Institute
  • IFE, abbreviation for a proprietary Interactive Fiction Engine created by Simutronics for computer games
  • IFE, abbreviation for in-flight entertainment, entertaintment offered aboard airlines.
  • IFE, is an abbreviation for the Institution of Fire Engineers, a worldwide body that provides research, training, conferences and professional qualifications for those interested in the science of fire fighting and science.
  • IFE, is an abbreviation for the(Institut für Forschung und Entwicklung).is worldwide the leading manufacturer of Automatic Door Systems for Railway Vehicles.


Ife (Yoruba: Ifè, also Ilé-Ifẹ̀) is an ancient Yoruba city in south-western Nigeria. Evidence of settlement of the city has been discovered dating back as far as 500 BC. It is located in present day Osun State, with a population of 501,952.

About

Today a mid-sized city, Ife is home to the Obafemi Awolowo University and Natural History Museum of Nigeria. Ife people are of the Yoruba ethnic group, one of the largest ethnic groups in Africa. Ife has a local television station called NTA Ife, and is home to various businesses. Ife is also the trade center for a farming region. Yams, cassava, grain, cacao, and tobacco are grown. Cotton is grown and used to weave cloth. Hotels in Ilé-Ife include Hotel Diganga Ife-Ibadan road, Mayfair Hotel, Obafemi Awolowo University Guest House etc. Ilé-Ife has a stadium with a capacity of 9,000 and a second division professional league football team.

History

According to Yoruba legend, Ife is where the founding deities Oduduwa and Obatala began the creation of the world, as directed by the paramount deity Olodumare. Obàtálá created the first humans out of clay, while Odùduwà became the first divine king of the Yoruba. The Oòni (King) of Ife claims direct descent from the god Oduduwa, and is counted first among Yoruba kings. Until today many of the surviving traditional religious groups of the city celebrate the creation of the world during the Itapa festival.

Mythic Origin of Ife

The Yoruba claim to have originated from Ife.[1] According to Yoruba mythology, Olorun, the supreme god, ordered his son, Oduduwa, to climb down from the heavens on a chain with three things.[2] Oduduwa scattered a handful of dirt over the ocean creating Ile Ife, then put a cockerel on the land which dug a whole.[3] Oduduwa planted a palm nut in the whole and from there sprang a great tree with sixteen branches representing the families of the early Yoruba states.[4]

Migratory Origin of Ife

Another origin story from the Yoruba is that they were the product of intermarriage between a small band of invaders from the savanna and the indigenous inhabitants of the forest.[5] According to this version, Oduduwa was the son of Lamurudu, a prince from the east (possibly Mecca).[6] The Yoruba chafed under Islam, and Oduduwa and the natives left the land.[7] After wandering for some time, they found and settled the state of Ife.[8] Oduduwa then had seven descendents who founded the Yoruba states of Owu, Sabe, Popo, Benin, Ila, Ketu and Oyo.[9]

Ife Kingdom

Between 700 and 900 A.D., Ife began to develop as a major artistic centre, and the city was a settlement of substantial size between the 9th and 12th centuries, with houses featuring potsherd pavement. Ilé-Ifè is known worldwide for its ancient and naturalistic bronze, stone and terracotta sculptures, which reached their peak of artistic expression between 1200 and 1400 A.D. After this period, production declined as political and economic power shifted to the nearby kingdom of Benin which like the Yoruba kingdom of Oyo, developed into a major empire.

Bronze and terracotta art created by this civilization are one of the earliest and most significant instances of realism in art, dating back to before the European Renaissance.[10]

See also

Notes

1. ^ Stride, G.T. and C. Ifeka: "Peoples and Empires of West Africa: West Africa in History 1000 - 1800" page 288. Nelson, 1971
2. ^ Stride, G.T. and C. Ifeka: "Peoples and Empires of West Africa: West Africa in History 1000 - 1800" page 288. Nelson, 1971
3. ^ Stride, G.T. and C. Ifeka: "Peoples and Empires of West Africa: West Africa in History 1000 - 1800" page 290. Nelson, 1971
4. ^ Stride, G.T. and C. Ifeka: "Peoples and Empires of West Africa: West Africa in History 1000 - 1800" page 290. Nelson, 1971
5. ^ Stride, G.T. and C. Ifeka: "Peoples and Empires of West Africa: West Africa in History 1000 - 1800" page 290. Nelson, 1971
6. ^ Stride, G.T. and C. Ifeka: "Peoples and Empires of West Africa: West Africa in History 1000 - 1800" page 290. Nelson, 1971
7. ^ Stride, G.T. and C. Ifeka: "Peoples and Empires of West Africa: West Africa in History 1000 - 1800" page 290. Nelson, 1971
8. ^ Stride, G.T. and C. Ifeka: "Peoples and Empires of West Africa: West Africa in History 1000 - 1800" page 290. Nelson, 1971
9. ^ Stride, G.T. and C. Ifeka: "Peoples and Empires of West Africa: West Africa in History 1000 - 1800" page 290. Nelson, 1971
10. ^ The Story of Africa: Ife and Benin — BBC World Service

References

  • Akinjogbin, I. A. (Hg.): The Cradle of a Race: Ife from the Beginning to 1980, Lagos 1992 (The book also has chapters on the present religious situation in the town).
  • Bascom, William: The Yoruba of Southwestern Nigeria, New York 1969 (The book mainly deals with Ile-Ife).
  • Lange, Dierk: "The dying and the rising God in the New Year Festival of Ife", in: Lange, Ancient Kingdoms of West Africa, Dettelbach 2004, pp. 343-376.
  • Willett, Frank: Ife in the History of West African Sculpture, London 1967 (The book also deals with some oral traditions of Ile-Ife).

External links

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Interactive fiction, often abbreviated IF, describes software simulating environments in which players use text commands to control characters and influence the environment. Works in this form can be understood as literary narratives and as computer games.
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Simutronics is the online games company responsible for GemStone IV, DragonRealms, and many other games. It was founded in 1987 by David Whatley, with husband and wife Tom & Susan Zelinski.
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In-flight entertainment (IFE) refers to the entertainment available to aircraft passengers during a flight. After World War II commercial aviation flights became a daily event in which entertainment was requested by passengers to help the time pass.
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The Institution of Fire Engineers is a worldwide body that provides research, training, conferences and professional qualifications for firefighters and civilians who work in fields related to fire fighting, the science of fire fighting and prevention, and related technology.
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Yoruba}}} 
Official status
Official language of: Nigeria
Regulated by: no official regulation
Language codes
ISO 639-1: yo
ISO 639-2: yor
ISO 639-3: yor

Yoruba (native name èdè Yorùbá
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Yoruba (Yorùbá in Yoruba orthography) are a large ethno-linguistic group or ethnic nation in Africa; the majority of them speak the Yoruba language (èdèe Yorùbá; èdè = language).
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city is an urban settlement with a particularly important status which differentiates it from a town.

City is primarily used to designate an urban settlement with a large population. However, city may also indicate a special administrative, legal, or historical status.
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Motto
"Unity and Faith, Peace and Progress"
Anthem
"Arise O Compatriots, Nigeria's Call Obey"


Capital Abuja

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Osun State is an inland state in southwestern Nigeria. Its capital is Osogbo. The state's current governor is Olagunsoye Oyinlola, who was elected in 2003 along with his Deputy Governor, Erelu Olusola Obada.
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Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria is a government-owned and operated Nigerian university, The university is located in the ancient city of Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria.
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Yoruba may refer to:
  • Yoruba people, a West African ethnic group
  • Yoruba language, the language spoken by the Yoruba people
  • Yoruba mythology, the religions of the Yoruba people
  • Orisha, a belief system sometimes referred to as "Yoruba"

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ethnic group or ethnicity is a population of human beings whose members identify with each other, usually on the basis of a presumed common genealogy or ancestry.[1] Ethnicity is also defined from the recognition by others as a distinct group[2]
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Africa is the world's second-largest and second most-populous continent, after Asia. At about 30,221,532 km² (11,668,545 sq mi) including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of the Earth's total surface area, and 20.4% of the total land area.
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television station is a type of broadcast station that broadcasts both audio and video to television receivers in a particular area. Traditionally, TV stations made their broadcasts by sending specially-encoded radio signals over the air, called terrestrial television.
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Yam is the common name for some species in the genus Dioscorea (family Dioscoreaceae). These are perennial herbaceous vines cultivated for the consumption of their starchy tubers in Africa, Asia, Latin America and Oceania.
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M. esculenta

Binomial name
Manihot esculenta
Crantz

The cassava, manioc, casava, or yucca (Manihot esculenta
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Cereal crops or grains are mostly grasses cultivated for their edible grains or seeds (i.e., botanically a type of fruit called a caryopsis). Cereal grains are grown in greater quantities and provide more energy worldwide than any other type of crop; they are therefore
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Tobacco is an agricultural product processed from the fresh leaves of plants in the genus Nicotiana.

Tobacco has been growing on the American Continent since about 6000 BC and began being used by native cultures at about 3000 BC.
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hotel is an establishment that provides paid lodging, usually on a short-term basis. Hotels often provide a number of additional guest services such as a restaurant, a swimming pool or childcare.
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stadium (plural stadiums or stadia in English) is a place, or venue, for (mostly) outdoor sports, concerts or other events, consisting of a field or stage partly or completely surrounded by a structure designed to allow spectators to stand or sit and view the event.
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Association football, commonly known as football or soccer, is a team sport played between two teams of 11 players. It is the most popular sport in the world.
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Oduduwa, phonetically written as Odùduwà, and sometimes contracted as Odudua, Oòdua, is generally held among the Yoruba to be the ancestor of the crowned Yoruba kings.
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Obàtálá (alternatively Oxalá) is a creator god; he made human bodies, and his father, Olorun breathed life into them. While Olorun is considered the creator of the universe, Obàtálá created the world and humanity, being seen as the father of orishas and humankind.
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In Yoruba mythology, Ọlọrun (Olodumare) is the Sky Father and creator of the universe. Occasionally androgynous or female, he is a god of peace, purity and harmony.
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Yoruba religion is the religious beliefs and practices of the Yoruba people both in Africa (chiefly in Nigeria and Benin Republic), and in the New World, where it has influenced or given birth to several Afro-American religions such as Santería in Cuba and Candomblé in Brazil in
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