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Information about Icterid

Icterids
Enlarge picture
Yellow-headed Blackbird

Scientific classification
Kingdom:Animalia
Phylum:Chordata
Class:Aves
Order:Passeriformes
Family:Icteridae
Vigors, 1825
Genera


24, see text


The Icterids are a group of small to medium, often colourful passerine birds restricted to the New World. Most species have black as a predominant plumage colour, often enlivened by yellow, orange or red. The name, meaning "jaundiced ones" (from the prominent yellow feathers of many species) comes from the Ancient Greek ikteros, through the Latin ictericus.

This group includes such popular forms as the New World blackbirds, New World orioles, the Bobolink, meadowlarks, grackles, cowbirds, oropendolas and caciques.

Despite the similar names, the first groups are not related to the Old World Blackbird (a thrush, Turdidae), or the Old World orioles (Oriolidae).

Systematics

FAMILY ICTERIDAE Prehistoric icterid genera that have been described from fossil remains are Pandanaris from the Pleistocene of Rancho La Brea and Pyelorhamphus from Shelter Cave.

References

  • Jaramillo, Alvaro & Burke, Peter (1999): New World Blackbirds. Christopher Helm, London. ISBN 0-7136-4333-1
  • Price, J. Jordan & Lanyon, Scott M. (2002): A robust phylogeny of the oropendolas: Polyphyly revealed by mitochondrial sequence data. Auk 119(2): 335–348. DOI: 10.1642/0004-8038(2002)119[0335:ARPOTO]2.0.CO;2 PDF fulltext

External links

Xanthocephalus
Bonaparte, 1850

Species: X. xanthocephalus

Binomial name
Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus
(Bonaparte, 1826)

The
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Scientific classification or biological classification is a method by which biologists group and categorize species of organisms. Scientific classification also can be called scientific taxonomy, but should be distinguished from folk taxonomy, which lacks scientific basis.
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Chordata
Bateson, 1885

Typical Classes

See below

Chordates (phylum Chordata) are a group of animals that includes the vertebrates, together with several closely related invertebrates.
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Aves
Linnaeus, 1758

Orders

About two dozen - see section below

Birds (class Aves) are bipedal, warm-blooded, egg-laying vertebrate animals.
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Passeriformes
Linnaeus, 1758

Suborders
  • Acanthisitti
  • Tyranni
  • Passeri


A passerine is a bird of the giant order Passeriformes. More than half of all species of bird are passerines.
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Nicholas Aylward Vigors (1785 – October 26, 1840) was an Irish zoologist and politician.

Vigors was born at Old Leighlin, County Carlow. He studied at Trinity College, Oxford. He served in the army during the Peninsular War from 1809 to 1811.
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18th century - 19th century - 20th century
1790s  1800s  1810s  - 1820s -  1830s  1840s  1850s
1822 1823 1824 - 1825 - 1826 1827 1828

:
Subjects:     Archaeology - Architecture -
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Genera was an operating system and development environment for Lisp machines developed by Symbolics. It was essentially a fork of an earlier operating system originating on the MIT AI Lab's Lisp machines which Symbolics had used in common with LMI. The ~1.
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Passeriformes
Linnaeus, 1758

Suborders
  • Acanthisitti
  • Tyranni
  • Passeri


A passerine is a bird of the giant order Passeriformes. More than half of all species of bird are passerines.
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Aves
Linnaeus, 1758

Orders

About two dozen - see section below

Birds (class Aves) are bipedal, warm-blooded, egg-laying vertebrate animals.
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The New World is one of the names used for the Americas. When the term originated in the late 15th century, the Americas were new to the Europeans, who previously thought of the world as consisting only of Europe, Asia, and Africa (collectively, the Old World).
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Jaundice, NOS
Classification & external resources

Yellowing of the skin and sclera caused by Hepatitis A.
ICD-10 R 17.
ICD-9 782.4

DiseasesDB 7038
MedlinePlus 003243

MeSH D007565

Jaundice, also known as icterus
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Ancient Greek refers to the second stage in the history of the Greek language[1] as it existed during the Archaic (9th–6th centuries BC) and Classical (5th–4th centuries BC) periods in Greece.
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Latin}}} 
Official status
Official language of: Vatican City
Used for official purposes, but not spoken in everyday speech
Regulated by: Opus Fundatum Latinitas
Roman Catholic Church
Language codes
ISO 639-1: la
ISO 639-2: lat
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Icterus
Brisson, 1760

Species

25-30 species, see text

The genus Icterus, New World orioles, is a group of birds in the Icteridae family.
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Dolichonyx
Swainson, 1758

Species: D. oryzivorus

Binomial name
Dolichonyx oryzivorus
(Linnaeus, 1758)

The Bobolink,
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Sturnella
Vieillot, 1816

Species
  • S. militaris
  • S. superciliaris
  • S. bellicosa
  • S. defillippi
  • S. loyca
  • S. magna
  • S.

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Quiscalus
Vieillot, 1816

Species
  • Quiscalus major
  • Quiscalus quiscula
  • Quiscalus mexicanus
  • Quiscalus palustris (extinct)
  • Quiscalus nicaraguensis
  • Quiscalus niger

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Molothrus
Swainson, 1832

Species
  • M. rufoaxillaris
  • M. oryzivorus
  • M.s aeneus
  • M. bonariensis
  • M.

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Psarocolius (but see text)
Wagler, 1827

Species

See text
Synonyms

Gymnostinops (but see text)

The oropendolas comprise two or three genera of South and Central American passerine birds in the New World blackbird family.
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Cacicus (and see text)
Lacepede, 1799

Species

See text.

The caciques are passerine birds in the New World blackbird family. Members of the family are resident breeders in tropical South America and north to Mexico.
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The Old World consists of those parts of Earth known to Europeans, Asians, and Africans in the 15th century before the voyages of Christopher Columbus; it includes Europe, Asia, and Africa (collectively known as Africa-Eurasia), plus surrounding islands.
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T. merula

Binomial name
Turdus merula
Linnaeus, 1758

The Blackbird or Common Blackbird (Turdus merula) is a European member of the thrush family Turdidae.
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Turdidae

Genera

Some 20, see text

The Thrushes, family Turdidae, are a group of passerine birds that occur mainly but not exclusively in the Old World.
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Oriolus
Linnaeus, 1766

species

see text

Orioles are colourful Old World passerine birds in the family Oriolidae and genus Oriolus. They are not related to the New World orioles, which are Icterids, family Icteridae.
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Dolichonyx
Swainson, 1758

Species: D. oryzivorus

Binomial name
Dolichonyx oryzivorus
(Linnaeus, 1758)

The Bobolink,
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Agelaius
Vieillot, 1816

Species

see text

American blackbirds are birds belonging to the genus Agelaius in the New World family Icteridae.

This genus includes 11 species of largely insectivorous grassland birds.
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N. nigerrimus

Binomial name
Nesopsar nigerrimus
(Osburn, 1859)

The Jamaican Blackbird (Nesopsar nigerrimus) is a species of bird in the Icteridae family.
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Sturnella
Vieillot, 1816

Species
  • S. militaris
  • S. superciliaris
  • S. bellicosa
  • S. defillippi
  • S. loyca
  • S. magna
  • S.

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