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Information about Iberian Languages

Iberian languages is a generic term for the languages currently or formerly spoken in the Iberian peninsula.

Historic languages

Pre-Roman languages

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Pre-Roman languages of Iberia (the area marked I10 is controversial, some scholars represented it as Celtic; also notice that the area marked C20 was completely Celtic by 200 BCE[1]).
The following languages were spoken in the Iberian peninsula before the Roman occupation.

Medieval languages

The following languages were spoken in the Iberian peninsula in medieval times.

Modern languages

The following languages are currently spoken in the Iberian peninsula.

By linguistic group

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Languages of the Iberian peninsula (simplified)

By country

See also

External links

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Languages of Europe
Sovereign statesAlbania Andorra Armenia1 Austria Azerbaijan2 Belarus Belgium Bosnia and Herzegovina Bulgaria Croatia Cyprus1 Czech Republic Denmark Estonia Finland France Georgia2 Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Kazakhstan2 Latvia Liechtenstein Lithuania Luxembourg Republic of Macedonia Malta Moldova Monaco Montenegro Netherlands Norway Poland Portugal Romania Russia3 San Marino Serbia Slovakia Slovenia Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey3 Ukraine United Kingdom Vatican City
Dependencies,
autonomies, and
other territories		Abkhazia2 Adjara1 Akrotiri and Dhekelia land Azores Basque CountryCataloniaCrimea Faroe Islands Gagauzia Gibraltar Guernsey Jan Mayen Jersey Kosovo Man, Isle of Madeira4 Nagorno-Karabakh1 Nakhchivan1 Northern IrelandScotland South Ossetia2 Svalbard Transnistria Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus1, 5 Wales
1 Entirely in West Asia; included here because of cultural, political and historical association with Europe. 2 Partially or entirely in Asia, depending on the definition of the border between Europe and Asia. 3 Partially in Asia. 4 Entirely in the African Plate, included here because of cultural, political and historical association with Europe. 5 Only recognised by Turkey.
The Iberian Peninsula, or Iberia, is located in the extreme southwest of Europe, and includes modern day Spain, Portugal, Andorra and Gibraltar. It is the western and southernmost of the three southern European peninsulas (the Iberian, Italian, and Balkan peninsulas).
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The Aquitanian language was spoken in ancient Aquitaine (approximately between the Pyrenees and the Garonne, the region later known as Gascony) before the Roman conquest and, probably much later, until the Early Middle Ages.
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The Proto-Celtic language, also called Common Celtic, is the putative ancestor of all the known Celtic languages. Probably spoken around 800 BC, its lexis can be confidently reconstructed on the basis of the comparative method of historical linguistics.
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Celtic languages are the languages descended from Proto-Celtic, or "Common Celtic", a branch of the greater Indo-European language family. During the 1st millennium BC, they were spoken across Europe, from the Bay of Biscay and the North Sea, up the Rhine and down the Danube to the
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Celtiberian (also Hispano-Celtic) is an extinct Celtic language spoken by the Celtiberians in Portugal and central Spain before and during the Roman Empire. Very little remains of the Celtiberian language, which is attested in some pre-Roman placenames in the Iberian
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Lusitanian (so named after the Lusitani or Lusitanians) was a paleo-Iberian Indo-European language. It is known by only five inscriptions and numerous names of places (toponyms) and of gods ().
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Ancient Greek refers to the second stage in the history of the Greek language[1] as it existed during the Archaic (9th–6th centuries BC) and Classical (5th–4th centuries BC) periods in Greece.
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For other uses, see Iberian languages.


The Iberian language describes a linguistic group identified with the Iberian civilisation (7th century BC – 1st century BC), formed in the eastern and south-eastern regions of the Iberian
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Old European (alteuropäisch) is the term used by Hans Krahe (1964) for the language of the oldest reconstructed stratum of Indo-European hydronymy (river names) in Central and Western Europe.
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Phoenician was a language originally spoken in the coastal region then called Pūt in Ancient Egyptian, Canaan in Phoenician, Hebrew, and Aramaic, and Phoenicia in Greek and Latin.
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Tartessian language is a pre-Roman language once spoken in southern Spain and now extinct. It is seemingly unrelated to all other languages, including the Indo-European and Iberian language families, and it is therefore a language isolate.
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al-‘Arabiyyah in written Arabic (Kufic script):  
Pronunciation: /alˌʕa.raˈbij.ja/
Spoken in: Algeria, Bahrain, Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco, Oman,
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Andalusian Arabic}}}
Language codes
ISO 639-1: none
ISO 639-2: —
ISO 639-3: — Andalusian Arabic (also known as Andalusi Arabic and Spanish Arabic
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Classical Arabic, also known as Koranic (or Qur'anic) Arabic, is the form of the Arabic language used in the Qur'an as well as in numerous literary texts from Umayyad and Abbasid times (7th to 9th centuries).
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Berber languages / Tamazight are a group of closely related languages mainly spoken in Morocco and Algeria. A very sparse population extends into the whole Sahara and the northern part of the Sahel. They belong to the Afro-Asiatic languages phylum.
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Germanic languages are a group of related languages constituting a branch of the Indo-European (IE) language family. The common ancestor of all languages comprising this branch is Proto-Germanic, spoken in approximately the latter mid-1st millennium BC in Iron Age Northern Europe.
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The Buri first appear in history as a Germanic tribe mentioned in the Germania of Tacitus, where they "close the back" of the Marcomanni and Quadi of Bohemia and Moravia. It is said that their speech and customs were like those of the Suebi.
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Gothic}}} 
Writing system: Gothic alphabet
Language codes
ISO 639-1: none
ISO 639-2: got
ISO 639-3: got
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Suebi or Suevi (from Proto-Germanic *swēbaz based on the Proto-Germanic root *swē- meaning "one's own" in the sense of people, relatives,[1] from an Indo-European root *swe-,[2]
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Vandalic was a Germanic language probably closely related to the Gothic language. The Vandals, Hasdingi and Silingi, established themselves in Gallaecia (Northen Portugal and Galicia) and in Southern Spain, following other Germanic and non-Germanic peoples (Visigoths, Alans
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Latin}}} 
Official status
Official language of: Vatican City
Used for official purposes, but not spoken in everyday speech
Regulated by: Opus Fundatum Latinitas
Roman Catholic Church
Language codes
ISO 639-1: la
ISO 639-2: lat
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Vulgar Latin (in Latin, sermo vulgaris, "common speech") is a blanket term covering the vernacular dialects and sociolects of the Latin language until those dialects, diverging still further, evolved into the early Romance languages — a distinction usually made
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Iberian Romance languages followed more or less this process:
  • A common Romance language with dialectal differences was spoken throughout the ancient Roman Empire. During this stage, we can speak of the

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Galician-Portuguese (also known as galego-português or galaico-português in Portuguese and as galego-portugués or galaico-portugués in Galician) was a West Iberian Romance language spoken in the Middle Ages, in the northwest area of the Iberian
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Astur-Leonese is a Romance language group of the West Iberian group, spoken in the Spanish provinces of Asturias (Asturian Language, asturianu, or Bable), León, Zamora and Salamanca (Leonese language, Llïonés).
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Mozarabic was a continuum of closely related Romance dialects spoken in Muslim dominated areas of the Iberian Peninsula during the early stages of the Romance languages' development in Iberia.
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Judeo-Romance languages are Jewish languages derived from Romance languages, spoken by various Jewish communities (and their descendants) originating in regions where Romance languages predominate, and altered to such an extent to gain recognition as languages in their own right.
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Judeo-Aragonese was a Judeo-Romance language (Jewish language derived from Romance Aragonese language), spoken in north central Iberia from the around the mid-700s until about the time of the expulsion from Spain, when it either merged with the various Judeo-Spanish dialects, or
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Catalanic, also called Qatalanit (קאטאלנית) or the more scholarly Judæo-Catalan, was a Jewish language spoken by the Jewish communities of northeastern today's Spain, especially in Catalonia and the Balearic
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Judeo-Portuguese}}} 
Writing system: Latin alphabet (Portuguese variant) Hebrew alphabet
Language codes
ISO 639-1: none
ISO 639-2: —
ISO 639-3: —

Judeo-Portuguese or Lusitanic
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