Information about Ieee 802.3
IEEE 802.3 is a collection of IEEE standards defining the Physical Layer and the media access control (MAC) sublayer of the data link layer of wired Ethernet. This is generally a LAN technology with some WAN applications. Physical connections are made between nodes and/or infrastructure devices (hubs, switches, routers) by various types of copper or fiber cable.
802.3 is a technology that can support the IEEE 802.1 network architecture.
The maximum packet size is 1518 bytes, although to allow the Q-tag for Virtual LAN and priority data in 802.3ac it is extended to 1522 bytes. If the upper layer protocol submits a PDU (Protocol data unit) less than 64 bytes, 802.3 will pad the data field to achieve the minimum 64 bytes.
Although it is not technically correct, the terms "packet" and "frame" are used interchangeably. The ISO/IEC 8802-3 ANSI/IEEE 802.3 Standards refer to MAC sub-layer frames consisting of the Destination Address, Source Address, Length/Type, data, and FCS fields. The Preamble and SFD are (usually) considered a header to the MAC Frame. This header plus the MAC Frame constitute a "Packet".
The original Ethernet is called "Experimental Ethernet" today. It was developed by Robert Metcalfe in 1972 (patented in 1978) and was based in part on the wireless ALOHAnet protocol. It is not in use anywhere, but is thought to be the only Ethernet by some purists. The first "Ethernet" that was generally used outside Xerox was the DIX Ethernet. However, as DIX Ethernet was derived from Experimental Ethernet, and as many standards have been developed that are based on DIX Ethernet, the technical community has accepted the term Ethernet for all of them. Therefore, the term "Ethernet" can be used to name networks using any of the following standardized media and functions:
What is defined in earlier IEEE 802.3 standards is often confused for what is used in practice: most network frames you will find on an Ethernet will be DIX frames, since the Internet protocol suite will use this format, with the type field set to the corresponding IETF protocol type. IEEE 802.3x-1997 allows the 16-bit field after the MAC addresses to be used as a type field or a length field, so that DIX frames are also valid 802.3 frames in 802.3x-1997 and later versions of the IEEE 802.3 Ethernet standard.
In information technology, a packet is a formatted block of data carried by a packet mode computer network.
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802.3 is a technology that can support the IEEE 802.1 network architecture.
The maximum packet size is 1518 bytes, although to allow the Q-tag for Virtual LAN and priority data in 802.3ac it is extended to 1522 bytes. If the upper layer protocol submits a PDU (Protocol data unit) less than 64 bytes, 802.3 will pad the data field to achieve the minimum 64 bytes.
Although it is not technically correct, the terms "packet" and "frame" are used interchangeably. The ISO/IEC 8802-3 ANSI/IEEE 802.3 Standards refer to MAC sub-layer frames consisting of the Destination Address, Source Address, Length/Type, data, and FCS fields. The Preamble and SFD are (usually) considered a header to the MAC Frame. This header plus the MAC Frame constitute a "Packet".
The original Ethernet is called "Experimental Ethernet" today. It was developed by Robert Metcalfe in 1972 (patented in 1978) and was based in part on the wireless ALOHAnet protocol. It is not in use anywhere, but is thought to be the only Ethernet by some purists. The first "Ethernet" that was generally used outside Xerox was the DIX Ethernet. However, as DIX Ethernet was derived from Experimental Ethernet, and as many standards have been developed that are based on DIX Ethernet, the technical community has accepted the term Ethernet for all of them. Therefore, the term "Ethernet" can be used to name networks using any of the following standardized media and functions:
| Ethernet Standard | Date | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Experimental Ethernet | 1972 | 2.94 Mbit/s (367 kB/s) over coaxial cable (coax) cable bus |
| Ethernet II (DIX v2.0) | 1982 | 10 Mbit/s (1.25 MB/s) over thin coax (thinnet) - Frames have a Type field. This frame format is used on all forms of Ethernet by protocols in the Internet protocol suite. |
| IEEE 802.3 | 1983 | 10BASE5 10 Mbit/s (1.25MB/s) over thick coax - same as DIX except Type field is replaced by Length, and an 802.2 LLC header follows the 802.3 header |
| 802.3a | 1985 | 10BASE2 10 Mbit/s (1.25 MB/s) over thin Coax (thinnet or cheapernet) |
| 802.3b | 1985 | 10BROAD36 |
| 802.3c | 1985 | 10 Mbit/s (1.25 MB/s) repeater specs |
| 802.3d | 1987 | FOIRL (Fiber-Optic Inter-Repeater Link) |
| 802.3e | 1987 | 1BASE5 or StarLAN |
| 802.3i | 1990 | 10BASE-T 10 Mbit/s (1.25 MB/s) over twisted pair |
| 802.3j | 1993 | 10BASE-F 10 Mbit/s (1.25 MB/s) over Fiber-Optic |
| 802.3u | 1995 | 100BASE-TX, 100BASE-T4, 100BASE-FX Fast Ethernet at 100 Mbit/s (12.5 MB/s) w/autonegotiation |
| 802.3x | 1997 | Full Duplex and flow control; also incorporates DIX framing, so there's no longer a DIX/802.3 split |
| 802.3y | 1998 | 100BASE-T2 100 Mbit/s (12.5 MB/s) over low quality twisted pair |
| 802.3z | 1998 | 1000BASE-X Gbit/s Ethernet over Fiber-Optic at 1 Gbit/s (125 MB/s) |
| 802.3-1998 | 1998 | A revision of base standard incorporating the above amendments and errata |
| 802.3ab | 1999 | 1000BASE-T Gbit/s Ethernet over twisted pair at 1 Gbit/s (125 MB/s) |
| 802.3ac | 1998 | Max frame size extended to 1522 bytes (to allow "Q-tag") The Q-tag includes 802.1Q VLAN information and 802.1p priority information. |
| 802.3ad | 2000 | Link aggregation for parallel links |
| 802.3-2002 | 2002 | A revision of base standard incorporating the three prior amendments and errata |
| 802.3ae | 2003 | 10 Gbit/s (1,250 MB/s) Ethernet over fiber; 10GBASE-SR, 10GBASE-LR, 10GBASE-ER, 10GBASE-SW, 10GBASE-LW, 10GBASE-EW |
| 802.3af | 2003 | Power over Ethernet |
| 802.3ah | 2004 | Ethernet in the First Mile |
| 802.3ak | 2004 | 10GBASE-CX4 10 Gbit/s (1,250 MB/s) Ethernet over twin-axial cable |
| 802.3-2005 | 2005 | A revision of base standard incorporating the four prior amendments and errata. |
| 802.3an | 2006 | 10GBASE-T 10 Gbit/s (1,250 MB/s) Ethernet over unshielded twisted pair(UTP) |
| 802.3ap | 2007 | Backplane Ethernet (1 and 10 Gbit/s (125 and 1,250 MB/s) over printed circuit boards) |
| 802.3aq | 2006 | 10GBASE-LRM 10 Gbit/s (1,250 MB/s) Ethernet over multimode fiber |
| 802.3ar | On Hold | Congestion management |
| 802.3as | 2006 | Frame expansion |
| 802.3at | exp. 2008 | Power over Ethernet enhancements |
| 802.3au | 2006 | Isolation requirements for Power Over Ethernet (802.3-2005/Cor 1) |
| 802.3av | exp. 2009 | 10 Gbit/s EPON |
| 802.3aw | 2007 | Fixed an equation in the publication of 10GBASE-T (released as 802.3-2005/Cor 2) |
| 802.3ax | exp 2008 | Move Link aggregation out of 802.3 to IEEE 802.1 |
| 802.3ay | exp 2008 | Maintenance to base standard |
| 802.3ba | exp. 2009 | Higher Speed Study Group. 40 Gb/s over 1m backplane, 10m Cu cable assembly (several pairs) and 100m of MMF and 100 Gb/s up to 10m or Cu cable assembly, 100 m of MMF or 40 km of SMF respectively |
What is defined in earlier IEEE 802.3 standards is often confused for what is used in practice: most network frames you will find on an Ethernet will be DIX frames, since the Internet protocol suite will use this format, with the type field set to the corresponding IETF protocol type. IEEE 802.3x-1997 allows the 16-bit field after the MAC addresses to be used as a type field or a length field, so that DIX frames are also valid 802.3 frames in 802.3x-1997 and later versions of the IEEE 802.3 Ethernet standard.
See also
- IEEE 802
- IEEE 802.1, the network architecture
- IEEE 802.11, the corresponding set of Wireless Ethernet standards
References
This article was originally based on material from the Free On-line Dictionary of Computing, which is licensed under the GFDL.External links
- http://www.ieee802.org/3/ -- The IEEE 802.3 Working Group
- Get IEEE 802.3 LAN/MAN CSMA/CD Access Method -- Download 802.3 specifications.
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
Type Professional Organization
Founded January 1, 1963
Origins Merger of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers and the Institute of Radio Engineers
Key people Leah H.
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Type Professional Organization
Founded January 1, 1963
Origins Merger of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers and the Institute of Radio Engineers
Key people Leah H.
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physical layer is level one in the seven-level OSI model of computer networking as well as in the five-layer TCP/IP reference model. It performs services requested by the data link layer.
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Media Access Control (MAC) data communication protocol sub-layer, also known as the Medium Access Control, is a part of the data link layer specified in the seven-layer OSI model (layer 2).
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data link layer is layer two of the seven-layer OSI model as well as of the five-layer TCP/IP reference model. It responds to service requests from the network layer and issues service requests to the physical layer.
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Ethernet is a family of frame-based computer networking technologies for local area networks (LANs). The name comes from the physical concept of the ether. It defines a number of wiring and signaling standards for the physical layer, through means of network access at the Media
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local area network (LAN) is a computer network covering a small geographic area, like a home, office, or group of buildings. The defining characteristics of LANs, in contrast to Wide Area Networks (WANs), include their much higher data transfer rates, smaller geographic range, and
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Wide Area Network (WAN) is a computer network that covers a broad area (i.e., any network whose communications links cross metropolitan, regional, or national boundaries [1]).
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An Ethernet hub or concentrator is a device for connecting multiple twisted pair or fiber optic Ethernet devices together, making them act as a single segment. Hubs work at the physical layer (layer 1) of the OSI model. The device is thus a form of multiport repeater.
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A network switch is a computer networking device that connects network segments.
Low-end network switches appear nearly identical to network hubs, but a switch contains more "intelligence" (and a slightly higher price tag) than a network hub.
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Low-end network switches appear nearly identical to network hubs, but a switch contains more "intelligence" (and a slightly higher price tag) than a network hub.
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router is a device that extracts the destination of a packet it receives, selects the best path to that destination, and forwards data packets to the next device along this path.[1] They connect networks together; a LAN to a WAN for example, to access the Internet.
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An optical fiber (or fibre) is a glass or plastic fiber designed to guide light along its length. Fiber optics is the overlap of applied science and engineering concerned with such optical fibers.
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IEEE 802.1 is a working group of the IEEE 802 project of the IEEE. It is concerned with
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- 802 LAN/MAN architecture
- internetworking among 802 LANs, MANs and other wide area networks,
- 802 Link Security,
- 802 overall network management, and
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- :::For uses of the word "Packet" outside Information Technology, see Packet
In information technology, a packet is a formatted block of data carried by a packet mode computer network.
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A virtual LAN, commonly known as a VLAN, is a group of hosts with a common set of requirements that communicate as if they were attached to the same wire, regardless of their physical location.
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In telecommunications, the term protocol data unit (PDU) has the following meanings:
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- Information that is delivered as a unit among peer entities of a network and that may contain control information, address information, or data.
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byte (pronounced /baɪt/) is a unit of measurement of information storage, most often consisting of eight bits. In many computer architectures it is a unit of memory addressing.
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In computer networking, a frame is a data packet of fixed or variable length which has been encoded by a data link layer communications protocol for digital transmission over a node-to-node link.
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A frame check sequence (FCS) refers to the extra checksum characters added to a frame in a communication protocol for error detection and correction.
The sending host computes a checksum on the entire frame and sends this along.
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The sending host computes a checksum on the entire frame and sends this along.
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The Start Frame Delimiter (SFD) is the 8-bit value marking the end of the preamble of an ethernet frame. The SFD is immediately followed by the destination MAC address. It has the value 10101011.
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Robert Melancton Metcalfe (born April 7[1], 1946 in Brooklyn, New York) is an American technology pioneer who co-invented Ethernet with David Boggs, founded 3Com and formulated Metcalfe's Law. As of January 2006, he is a general partner of Polaris Venture Partners.
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ALOHAnet, also known as ALOHA, was a pioneering computer networking system developed at the University of Hawaii. It was first deployed in 1970, and while the network itself is no longer used, one of the core concepts in the network is the basis for the widely used Ethernet.
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Ethernet v2 framing, also known as DIX Ethernet (named after the major participants in the framing of the protocol: Digital Equipment Corporation, Intel, Xerox) interprets the 2-octet field following the destination and source addresses as an EtherType that immediately identifies an
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megabit per second (abbreviated as Mbit/s, Mbps, or mbps) is a unit of data transfer rate equal to 1,000,000 bits per second. Because there are 8 bits in a byte, a transfer speed of 8 megabits per second (8 Mbps) is equivalent to 1,000,000 bytes
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The Internet protocol suite is the set of communications protocols that implement the protocol stack on which the Internet and most commercial networks run. It has also been referred to as the TCP/IP protocol suite, which is named after two of the most important protocols in it:
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10BASE5 (also known as thicknet) is the original "full spec" variant of Ethernet cable, using special cable similar to RG-8/U coaxial cable. This is a stiff, 0.375 inch (approx. 9.
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10BASE2 (also known as cheapernet, thin ethernet, thinnet or thinwire) is a variant of Ethernet that uses thin coaxial cable (RG-58 or similar, as opposed to the thicker RG-8 cable used in 10BASE5 networks), terminated with
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10Broad36 is an obsolete standard for carrying 10 Mbit/s Ethernet signals over standard 75 ohm CATV cable over a 3600 meter range. Unlike most Ethernet standards, like 10BASE-T, which use a baseband type encoding, where the signal is simply encoded directly on the wire without any
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Autonegotiation (formerly NWay) is an Ethernet procedure by which two connected devices choose common transmission parameters, such as speed and duplex mode. In this process, the connected devices first share their capabilities as for these parameters and then choose the
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Ethernet is a specific computer protocol that resides on the Data Link layer. It is used for the transmission of data between computers. A situation may arise in full duplex mode where one computer may exceed the input data rate of another computer.
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