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Information about Ice (cipher)

ICE
The ICE Feistel function
General
Matthew Kwan
1997
DES
Cipher detail
Key size(s):| 64 bits (ICE), 64×n bits (ICE-n)
Block size(s):| 64 bits
Feistel network
16 (ICE), 8 (Thin-ICE), 16×n (ICE-n)
Best public cryptanalysis|-| colspan=2 | Differential cryptanalysis can break 15 out of 16 rounds of ICE with complexity 256. Thin-ICE can be broken using 227 chosen plaintexts with a success probability of 95%.


In cryptography, ICE (Information Concealment Engine) is a block cipher published by Kwan in 1997. The algorithm is similar in structure to DES, but with the addition of a key-dependent bit permutation in the round function. The key-dependent bit permutation is implemented efficiently in software. The ICE algorithm is not subject to patents, and the source code has been placed into the public domain.

ICE is a Feistel network with a block size of 64 bits. The standard ICE algorithm takes a 64-bit key and has 16 rounds. A fast variant, Thin-ICE, uses only 8 rounds. An open-ended variant, ICE-n, uses 16n rounds with 64n bit key.

Van Rompay et al (1998) attempted to apply differential cryptanalysis to ICE. They described an attack on Thin-ICE which recovers the secret key using 223 chosen plaintexts with a 25% success probability. If 227 chosen plaintexts are used, the probability can be improved to 95%. For the standard version of ICE, an attack on 15 out of 16 rounds was found, requiring 256 work and at most 256 chosen plaintexts.

References

  • Matthew Kwan, The Design of the ICE Encryption Algorithm, Fast Software Encryption 1997, pp69–82 http://www.darkside.com.au/ice/paper.html.
  • Bart van Rompay, Lars R. Knudsen and Vincent Rijmen, Differential Cryptanalysis of the ICE Encryption Algorithm, Fast Software Encryption 1998, pp270–283 (PDF).

External links

Block ciphers
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Design: Feistel network | Key schedule | Product cipher | S-box | SPN Attacks: Brute force | Linear / Differential / Integral cryptanalysis | Mod n | Related-key | Slide | XSL
Standardization: AES process | CRYPTREC | NESSIE Misc: Avalanche effect | Block size | IV | Key size | Modes of operation | Piling-up lemma | Weak key
Cryptography
 •  • [ e]
History of cryptography | Cryptanalysis | | Topics in cryptography
Symmetric-key algorithm | Block cipher | Stream cipher | Public-key cryptography | Cryptographic hash function | Message authentication code | Random numbers
Data Encryption Standard
The Feistel function (F function) of DES

General
IBM
1975 (standardized on January 1977)

Lucifer
Triple DES, G-DES, DES-X, LOKI89, ICE

Cipher detail
Key size(s):| 56 bits

Block size(s):| 64 bits
..... Click the link for more information.
In cryptography, the key size (alternatively key length) is the size of the digits used to create an encrypted text; it is therefore also a measure of the number of possible keys which can be used in a cipher, and the number of keys which must be tested to 'break' the
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block size. Both the input (plaintext) and output (ciphertext) are the same length; the output cannot be shorter than the input — this is logically required by the Pigeonhole principle and the fact that the cipher must be invertible — and it is simply undesirable for
..... Click the link for more information.
In cryptography, a Feistel cipher is a block cipher with a symmetric structure, named after IBM cryptographer Horst Feistel; it is also commonly known as a Feistel network. A large proportion of block ciphers use the scheme, including the Data Encryption Standard (DES).
..... Click the link for more information.
Cryptanalysis (from the Greek kryptós, "hidden", and analıein, "to loosen" or "to untie") is the study of methods for obtaining the meaning of encrypted information, without access to the secret information which is normally required to do so.
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Differential cryptanalysis is a general form of cryptanalysis applicable primarily to block ciphers, but also to stream ciphers and cryptographic hash functions. In the broadest sense, it is the study of how differences in an input can affect the resultant difference at the output.
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Cryptography (or cryptology; derived from Greek κρυπτός kryptós "hidden," and the verb γράφω gráfo "write" or λεγειν legein
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block cipher is a symmetric key cipher which operates on fixed-length groups of bits, termed blocks, with an unvarying transformation. When encrypting, a block cipher might take a (for example) 128-bit block of plaintext as input, and output a corresponding 128-bit block
..... Click the link for more information.
Data Encryption Standard
The Feistel function (F function) of DES

General
IBM
1975 (standardized on January 1977)

Lucifer
Triple DES, G-DES, DES-X, LOKI89, ICE

Cipher detail
Key size(s):| 56 bits

Block size(s):| 64 bits
..... Click the link for more information.
In cryptography, a Feistel cipher is a block cipher with a symmetric structure, named after IBM cryptographer Horst Feistel; it is also commonly known as a Feistel network. A large proportion of block ciphers use the scheme, including the Data Encryption Standard (DES).
..... Click the link for more information.
block size. Both the input (plaintext) and output (ciphertext) are the same length; the output cannot be shorter than the input — this is logically required by the Pigeonhole principle and the fact that the cipher must be invertible — and it is simply undesirable for
..... Click the link for more information.
Differential cryptanalysis is a general form of cryptanalysis applicable primarily to block ciphers, but also to stream ciphers and cryptographic hash functions. In the broadest sense, it is the study of how differences in an input can affect the resultant difference at the output.
..... Click the link for more information.
A chosen-plaintext attack (CPA) is an attack model for cryptanalysis which presumes that the attacker has the capability to choose arbitrary plaintexts to be encrypted and obtain the corresponding ciphertexts.
..... Click the link for more information.
block cipher is a symmetric key cipher which operates on fixed-length groups of bits, termed blocks, with an unvarying transformation. When encrypting, a block cipher might take a (for example) 128-bit block of plaintext as input, and output a corresponding 128-bit block
..... Click the link for more information.
3-Way

General
Joan Daemen
1994

NOEKEON
BaseKing

Cipher detail
Key size(s):| 96 bits

Block size(s):| 96 bits
Substitution-permutation network
11
Best public cryptanalysis|-| colspan=2 | related-key attack

In cryptography,
..... Click the link for more information.
AES
The SubBytes step, one of four stages in a round of AES

General
Vincent Rijmen, Joan Daemen
1998

Square
Anubis, Grand Cru

AES winner, CRYPTREC, NESSIE
Cipher detail
Key size(s):| 128, 192 or 256 bits[1]
..... Click the link for more information.
Akelarre

General
G. Álvarez, D. de la Guía, F. Montoya, A. Peinado
1996

IDEA, RC5

Cipher detail
Key size(s):| 128 bits

Block size(s):| 128 bits
Substitution-permutation network
4
..... Click the link for more information.
Anubis

General
Vincent Rijmen and Paulo S. L. M. Barreto
2000

Rijndael

Cipher detail
Key size(s):| 128 to 320 bits in steps of 32 bits

Block size(s):| 128 bits
substitution-permutation network
..... Click the link for more information.
ARIA

General

2003

AES

South Korean standard
Cipher detail
Key size(s):| 128, 192, or 256 bits

Block size(s):| 128 bits
Substitution-permutation network
12, 14, or 16
..... Click the link for more information.
BaseKing

General
Joan Daemen
1994

NOEKEON
3-Way

Cipher detail
Key size(s):| 192 bits

Block size(s):| 192 bits
Substitution-permutation network
11
Best public cryptanalysis|-| colspan=2 | related-key attack, power analysis
..... Click the link for more information.
Blowfish
The round function (Feistel function) of Blowfish

General
Bruce Schneier
1993

Twofish

Cipher detail
Key size(s):| 32-448 bits in steps of 8 bits; default 128 bits

Block size(s):| 64 bits
Feistel network
16
..... Click the link for more information.
Cryptomeria cipher
The Feistel function of the Cryptomeria cipher algorithm.

General
4C Entity
2003

DES

CSS

Cipher detail
Key size(s):| 56 bits

Block size(s):| 64 bits
Feistel network
10

The
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Camellia

General
Mitsubishi, NTT
2000

E2, MISTY1

CRYPTREC, NESSIE
Cipher detail
Key size(s):| 128, 192 or 256 bits

Block size(s):| 128 bits
Feistel network
18 or 24

In cryptography, Camellia
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CAST-128
Three rounds of the CAST-128 block cipher

General
Carlisle Adams and Stafford Tavares
1996

CAST-256

Cipher detail
Key size(s):| 40 to 128 bits

Block size(s):| 64 bits
Feistel network
12 or 16
In cryptography,
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CAST-256

General
Carlisle Adams, Stafford Tavares, Howard Heys, Michael Wiener
1998

CAST-128

Cipher detail
Key size(s):| 128, 192 or 256 bits

Block size(s):| 128 bits
generalised Feistel network
48
In cryptography, CAST-256
..... Click the link for more information.
CIKS-1

General
A.A. Moldovyan and N.A. Moldovyan
January 2002

Spectr-H64

Cipher detail
Key size(s):| 256 bits

Block size(s):| 64 bits
Feistel-like network
8
Best public cryptanalysis|-| colspan=2 | Differential attack using 2
..... Click the link for more information.
CIPHERUNICORN-A

General
NEC
2000

CIPHERUNICORN-E

CRYPTREC
Cipher detail
Key size(s):| 128, 192, or 256 bits

Block size(s):| 128 bits
nested Feistel network
16
In cryptography, CIPHERUNICORN-A
..... Click the link for more information.
CIPHERUNICORN-E

General
NEC
1998

CIPHERUNICORN-A

CRYPTREC
Cipher detail
Key size(s):| 128 bits

Block size(s):| 64 bits
Feistel network
16
In cryptography, CIPHERUNICORN-E is a block cipher created by NEC in 1998.
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CMEA

General
James A. Reeds III
1991

Cipher detail
Key size(s):| 64 bits

Block size(s):| 16-64 bits

3
Best public cryptanalysis|-| colspan=2 | 338 chosen plaintexts break all block sizes, 40-80 known plaintexts break 24-bit blocks, and 4
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In cryptography, Cobra is the general name of a family of data-dependent permutation based block ciphers: Cobra-S128, Cobra-F64a, Cobra-F64b, Cobra-H64, and Cobra-H128. In each of these names, the number indicates the cipher's block size, and the capital letter indicates whether it
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