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Information about Hoolock Gibbon

Hoolock gibbons[1][2]

Scientific classification
Kingdom:Animalia
Phylum:Chordata
Class:Mammalia
Order:Primates
Family:Hylobatidae
Genus:Hoolock
Mootnick & Groves, 2005
Species
Hoolock hoolock
Hoolock leuconedys


The hoolock gibbons (Hoolock), also known as hoolocks, are two primate species from the family of the gibbons (Hylobatidae).

Hoolocks are the second largest of the gibbons, after the Siamang. They reach a size of 60 to 90 cm and weigh 6 to 9 kg. The genders are about the same size, but they differ considerably in coloration: males are black colored with remarkable white brows, while females have a grey-brown fur, which is darker at the chest and neck. White rings around the eyes and around the mouth give their face a mask-like appearance.

The range of the hoolocks is the most northwestern of all the gibbons, extending from Assam in North-East India, to Myanmar. Small populations (in each case few hundred animals) live also in the eastern Bangladesh and in southwest China. Like the other gibbons, they are diurnal and arboreal, brachiating through the trees with their long arms. They live together in monogamous pairs, which stake out a territory. Their calls serve to locate family members and ward off other gibbons from their territory. Their diet consists mainly of fruits, insects and leaves.

Young hoolocks are born after a seven month gestation, with a milky white fur. After about six months their fur turns black. After 8 to 9 years they are fully mature and their fur reaches its final coloration. Their life expectancy in the wild is about 25 years.

Classification

The classification of this gibbon has changed several times in the past few years. Classically, all gibbons were classified in the genus Hylobates, with the exception of the Siamang. After some studies, the genus was divided into three subgenera (including the Siamang's Symphalangus), and then into four (recognizing Bunopithecus as the hoolock subgenus distinct from other gibbon subgenera). These four subgenera were elevated to full genus status. However, the type species for Bunopithecus is Bunopithecus sericus, an extinct gibbon or gibbon-like ape from Sichuan, China. Very recent investigations have shown that the hoolocks are not closely related to B. sericus and so have been placed in their own genus, Hoolock. In the process, the two subspecies of hoolocks have been raised to species level.[1][2]

There are two species of Hoolock:[2]
  • Western Hoolock Gibbon, Hoolock hoolock
  • Eastern Hoolock Gibbon, Hoolock leuconedys

References

1. ^ Groves, Colin (16 November 2005). in Wilson, D. E., and Reeder, D. M. (eds): Mammal Species of the World, 3rd edition, Johns Hopkins University Press, 178-179. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.2005&rft.edition=3rd%20edition&rft.pub=Johns%20Hopkins%20University%20Press&rft.pages=178-179&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnmnhgoph.si.edu%2Fmsw%2F"> 
2. ^ Mootnick, A.; Groves, C. P. (2005). "A new generic name for the hoolock gibbon (Hylobatidae)". International Journal of Primatology (26): 971-976. 

External links

Scientific classification or biological classification is a method by which biologists group and categorize species of organisms. Scientific classification also can be called scientific taxonomy, but should be distinguished from folk taxonomy, which lacks scientific basis.
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Chordata
Bateson, 1885

Typical Classes

See below

Chordates (phylum Chordata) are a group of animals that includes the vertebrates, together with several closely related invertebrates.
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Mammalia
Linnaeus, 1758

Subclasses & Infraclasses
  • Subclass †Allotheria*
  • Subclass Prototheria
  • Subclass Theria

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Primates
Linnaeus, 1758

Families
  • 15, See classification
A primate is any member of the biological order Primates, the group that contains all the species commonly related to the lemurs, monkeys, and apes, with the last category
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Hylobatidae
Gray, 1870

Genera

Hylobates
Hoolock
Nomascus
Symphalangus

Gibbons are the small apes in the family Hylobatidae.
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Colin Groves is a Professor of Biological Anthropology at the Australian National University in Canberra, Australia.

Born in England, he completed a BSc (London) in 1963, and a PhD (London) in 1966.
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species is one of the basic units of biological classification. A species is often defined as a group of organisms capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring.
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Primates
Linnaeus, 1758

Families
  • 15, See classification
A primate is any member of the biological order Primates, the group that contains all the species commonly related to the lemurs, monkeys, and apes, with the last category
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Hylobatidae
Gray, 1870

Genera

Hylobates
Hoolock
Nomascus
Symphalangus

Gibbons are the small apes in the family Hylobatidae.
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Symphalangus
Gloger, 1841

Species: S. syndactylus

Binomial name
Symphalangus syndactylus
(Raffles, 1821)

The Siamang (
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Coordinates: Assam pronunciation   (help info ) (Assamese:
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North-East India is the easternmost region of India consisting of the contiguous Seven Sister States and the state of Sikkim. This region is officially recognized as a special category of states.
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Kaba Ma Kyei


Capital Naypyidaw

Largest city Yangon (Rangoon)
Official languages Burmese
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Amar Shonar Bangla
My Golden Bengal


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In animal behavior, diurnality is an animal that is active during the daytime and rests during the night. Animals that are not diurnal are either nocturnal (active at night) or crepuscular (active primarily during twilight, i.e., at dusk and dawn).
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Arboreal is a word meaning "related to or resembling trees". Its meaning comes from the Latin arbor, meaning tree.

In biology, an arboreal animal is one which inhabits or spends large amounts of time in trees or bushes.
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Brachiation is a form of arboreal locomotion in which primates swing from tree limb to tree limb using only their arms.

Brachiators

The only true brachiators are the lesser apes (gibbons and siamangs).
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Symphalangus
Gloger, 1841

Species: S. syndactylus

Binomial name
Symphalangus syndactylus
(Raffles, 1821)

The Siamang (
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Bunopithecus
Matthew and W. Granger, 1923

Species: B. sericus

Binomial name
Bunopithecus sericus
Matthew and W.
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A type species fixes the name of a genus (or of a taxon in a rank lower than genus).

Strictly speaking, a type species exists only in zoological nomenclature. As set in article 42.
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Bunopithecus
Matthew and W. Granger, 1923

Species: B. sericus

Binomial name
Bunopithecus sericus
Matthew and W.
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四川省
Sìchuān Shěng
Abbreviations: 川/?  (Pinyin: Chuān or Shu)

Origin of name
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This page contains Chinese text.
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China (Traditional Chinese:
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Colin Groves is a Professor of Biological Anthropology at the Australian National University in Canberra, Australia.

Born in England, he completed a BSc (London) in 1963, and a PhD (London) in 1966.
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November 16 is the 1st day of the year (2nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 0 days remaining.

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