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Information about Hieronymus Bosch

Hieronymus Bosch

Hieronymus Bosch; alleged portrait (around 1516)
Birth nameJheronimus van Aken
Bornc. 1450
Died9 August, 1516
's-Hertogenbosch, The Netherlands
FieldPainting, drawing
MovementRenaissance
Famous worksThe Garden of Earthly Delights
The Temptation of St. Anthony
The Ship of Fools
InfluencedPieter Brueghel the Elder
Surrealism


Hieronymus Bosch, (latinized, actually Jheronimus Bosch; his real name Jeroen van Aken) (c. 1450 – August 9, 1516) [1] was a prolific Early Netherlandish painter of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. Many of his works depict sin and human moral failings. Bosch used images of demons, half-human animals and machines to evoke fear and confusion to portray the evil of man.[1] The works contain complex, highly original, imaginative, and dense use of symbolic figures and iconography, some of which was obscure even in his own time. He is said to have been an inspiration for the surrealist movement in the twentieth century.

His true name was Jheronimus (or Jeroen) van Aken (meaning "from Aachen"). He signed some of his paintings with Bosch (pronounced Boss in Dutch), derived from his birthplace, 's-Hertogenbosch.[1] In Spanish, he is often called El Bosco.

Born to a family of Dutch and German painters, he spent most of his life in 's-Hertogenbosch, a flourishing city in fifteenth century Brabant, in the south of the present-day Netherlands. In 1463, some 4000 houses in the town were destroyed by a catastrophic fire, which the then (approximately) 13-year-old Bosch may have witnessed. He became a popular painter and even received commissions from abroad. In 1488 he joined the highly respected Brotherhood of Our Lady, an arch-conservative religious group of some 40 influential citizens of 's-Hertogenbosch and some 7000 'outer-members' from all over Europe.

Style and works

Enlarge picture
Hell, the right panel from the triptych The Garden of Earthly Delights


Bosch produced several triptychs, works of three paintings on wooden panels that are attached to each other. Among his most famous is The Garden of Earthly Delights.[1] This triptych depicts paradise with Adam and Eve and many wondrous animals on the left panel, the earthly delights with numerous nude figures and tremendous fruit and birds on the middle panel, and hell with depictions of fantastic punishments of the various types of sinners on the right panel. When the exterior panels are closed the viewer can see, painted in grisaille, God creating the Earth.

These paintings have a rough surface from the application of paint; this contrasts with the traditional Flemish style of paintings, where the smooth surface attempts to hide the fact that the painting is man-made.

Bosch never dated his paintings and may have signed only some of them (other signatures are certainly not his). Fewer than 25 paintings remain today that can be attributed to him. Philip II of Spain acquired many of Bosch's paintings after the painter's death; as a result, the Prado Museum in Madrid now owns several of his works, including The Garden of Earthly Delights.

Pieter Brueghel the Elder was influenced by Bosch's work and produced several paintings in a similar style, for instance the 1562 work The Triumph of Death.

Works

Main articles: Works of Hieronymus Bosch and Encyclopædia Britannica Concise
Bosch's works are kept in numerous museums and private collections throughout the world. Many of his works have been given multiple names when translated.

Notes

1. ^ "Hieronymus Bosch.", Encyclopædia Britannica Concise, 2007, <[1] (retrieved on August 16, 2007)

References

  • Jos Koldeweij/Bernard Vermet/Barbera van Kooij: Hieronymus Bosch. New Insights Into His Life and Work, NAi Publishers, Rotterdam 2001, ISBN 90-5662-214-5.

External links

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's-Hertogenbosch

Coordinates:
Country Netherlands
Province North Brabant
Area (2006)
 - Municipality 91.
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Motto
"Je maintiendrai"   (French)
"Ik zal handhaven"   (Dutch)
"I shall stand fast"1
Anthem
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Painting, meant literally, is the practice of applying color to a surface (support) such as paper, canvas, wood, glass, lacquer or concrete. However, when used in an artistic sense, the term "painting" means the use of this activity in combination with drawing, composition and
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Renaissance (French for "rebirth"; Italian: Rinascimento; Spanish: Renacimiento), was a cultural movement that spanned roughly the 14th through the 17th century, beginning in Italy in the late Middle Ages and later spreading to the rest of Europe.
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The Garden of Earthly Delights is the center panel of a triptych by Dutch painter Hieronymus Bosch. Painted around 1504, The Garden of Earthly Delights is perhaps his best-known work. It depicts the Creation of Earth and the infiltration of sin into mankind.
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The Temptation (or Temptations) of St. Anthony is an often repeated subject in history of art. The theme was first presented in the 10th century at Italian fresco paintings.
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Ship of Fools (painted c. 1490–1500) is a painting by Hieronymus Bosch, which shows prodigal humans wasting their lives by playing cards, drinking, flirting, eating, etc. instead of spending it in "useful" ways.
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Bruegel

Bruegel's The Painter and The Connoisseur drawn c. 1565 is thought to be a self-portrait
Birth name Pieter Brueghel
c. 1525
Breda, present-day Netherlands or Bree, present-day Belgium, Duchy of Brabant
September 9, 1569
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Early Netherlandish painting[1] is a term art historians use to designate the work of a group of painters who were active primarily in the Low Countries in the 15th and early 16th centuries, approximately the period starting with Van Eyck and ending with Gerard David.
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Painting, meant literally, is the practice of applying color to a surface (support) such as paper, canvas, wood, glass, lacquer or concrete. However, when used in an artistic sense, the term "painting" means the use of this activity in combination with drawing, composition and
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A
  • Adoration of the Child
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  • Christ Child with a Walking Frame

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demon (or daemon, dæmon, daimon from Greek: δαίμων [ğaïmon]) is a supernatural being that has generally been described as a malevolent spirit, and in Christian terms it is generally understood as a Fallen angel, formerly of
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Iconography is the branch of art history which studies the identification, description, and the interpretation of the content of images. The word iconography literally means "image writing", or painting, and comes from the Greek
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  (help) (Ripuarian: Oche, French: Aix-la-Chapelle) is a historic spa city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.
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's-Hertogenbosch

Coordinates:
Country Netherlands
Province North Brabant
Area (2006)
 - Municipality 91.
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 Spanish, Castilian}}} 
Writing system: Latin (Spanish variant)
Language codes
ISO 639-1: none
ISO 639-2: —
ISO 639-3: —

Spanish (
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