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Hermann Schlegel.
Hermann Schlegel (June 10, 1804 - January 17, 1884) was a German ornithologist.

Early life and education

Schlegel was born at Altenburg, the son of a brassfounder. His father collected butterflies, which stimulated Schlegel's interest in natural history. The discovery, by chance, of a buzzard's nest led him to the study of birds, and a meeting with Christian Ludwig Brehm.

Schlegel started to work for his father but soon tired of it. He travelled to Vienna in 1824 where, at the university, he attended the lectures of Leopold Fitzinger and Johann Jacob Heckel. A letter of introduction from Brehm to Joseph Natterer gained him a position at the Naturhistorisches Museum.

Ornithological career

One year after his arrival, the director of this natural history museum, Carl Franz Anton Ritter von Schreibers, recommended him to Coenraad Jacob Temminck, director of the natural history museum of Leiden, who was seeking an assistant. At first Schlegel worked mainly on the reptile collection, but soon his field of activity extended to other zoological groups. It had been intended that Schlegel be sent to Java to join the Natural History Commission, but the untimely death of Temminck's intended successor, Heinrich Boie, prevented the realization of this project.

It was at this time that Schlegel met Philipp Franz von Siebold. They became firm friends and collaborated on Fauna Japonica (1845-1850).

Director of the natural history museum

When Temminck died at the beginning of 1858, Schlegel succeeded him as director of the natural history museum, after having spent 33 years under his direction. Schelgel was particularly interested in south-east Asia, and in 1857 sent his son Gustav to collect in birds in China. Gustav arrived to find that Robert Swinhoe had got there first. In 1859 Schlegel sent Heinrich Agathon Bernstein, to collect birds in New Guinea. After the death of Bernstein in 1865 he was succeeded by Hermann von Rosenberg.

Schlegel took on a young assistant called Otto Finsch. At the same time, he started to publish a scientific magazine, Notes from the Leyden Museum as well as a vast work of 14 volumes, Muséum d'histoire naturelle des Pays-Bas (1862-1880). He employed three talented illustrators: John Gerrard Keulemans, Joseph Smit and Joseph Wolf.

The end of Schlegel's life was difficult: his wife died in 1864, Finsch moved to the natural history museum at Bremen, and the collections of the British Museum started to eclipse those of Leiden.

References

  • A Concise History of Ornithology, Michael Walters ISBN 1873403976
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Anthem
"Das Lied der Deutschen" (third stanza)
also called "Einigkeit und Recht und Freiheit"
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Ornithology (from Greek: ορνισ, ornis, "bird"; and λόγος, logos, "knowledge") is the branch of zoology concerned with the study of birds.
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Altenburg

Coat of arms Location

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Natural history or (in Latin) Naturalis Historia is the scientific study of plants or animals.

Natural History may also refer to:

In science and medicine:
  • Natural History (Pliny), Naturalis Historia

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buzzard is one of several large birds, but there are a number of meanings as detailed below.

In the Old World

Buzzard can mean:
  • One of several medium-sized, wide-ranging raptors with a robust body and broad wings.

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Christian Ludwig Brehm (January 24, 1787 - June 23, 1864) was a German pastor and ornithologist. He was the father of Alfred Brehm.

Brehm was born near Gotha, and studied at the University of Jena.
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Vienna (German: Wien [viːn], see also ) is the capital of Austria, and also one of the nine States of Austria. Vienna is Austria's primate city; with a population of about 1.
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Leopold Joseph Franz Johann Fitzinger (April 13, 1802 - September 20, 1884) was an Austrian zoologist.

Fitzinger was born in Vienna and studied botany at the university of Vienna under Nikolaus Joseph von Jacquin.
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Johann Jakob Heckel (January 23, 1790 - March 1, 1857) was an Austrian taxidermist, zoologist, and ichthyologist.

Though not a formally trained zoologist he worked his way up through the ranks to eventually become the director of the Fish Collection at the Naturhistorisches
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Naturhistorisches Museum

Established 1872-1889
Location Vienna, Austria
Website [1]

The Naturhistorisches Museum (en: Museum of Natural History) or NHMW is a large museum located in Vienna, Austria.
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Carl Franz Anton Ritter von Schreibers (August 15, 1775 - May 21, 1852) was an Austrian naturalist who was a native of Pressburg (Bratislava). He earned his medical doctorate from Vienna in 1798, but also studied botany, mineralogy and zoology at the university.
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Coenraad Jacob Temminck (March 31, 1778, Amsterdam - January 30, 1858, Lisse) was a Dutch aristocrat and zoologist.

Temminck was the first director of the National Natural History Museum at Leiden from 1820 until his death.
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Leiden

Flag
Coat of arms

Coordinates:
Country Netherlands
Province South Holland
Area (2006)
 - Municipality 23.
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Sauropsida*
Goodrich, 1916

Subclasses
  • Anapsida
  • Diapsida
Synonyms
  • Reptilia Laurenti, 1768
Reptiles are tetrapods and amniotes, animals whose embryos are surrounded by an amniotic membrane, and members of the class
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Java
Native name: Jawa<nowiki />

Topography of Java

Geography
<nowiki/>
Location Southeast Asia
Coordinates <nowiki />
Archipelago
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Heinrich Boie (May 4, 1784 - September 4, 1827) was a German zoologist. He was the brother of Friedrich Boie.

Boie studied law at Kiel and Gottingen. At university he became interested in natural history through the lectures of Johann Friedrich Blumenbach and Friedrich
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Philipp Franz Balthasar von Siebold (February 17, 1796 in Würzburg - October 18, 1866 in Munich) was a German physician. He emerged as the first European to teach Western medicine in Japan.
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China (Traditional Chinese:
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Robert Swinhoe (September 1, 1836 - October 28, 1877) was an English naturalist.

Swinhoe was born in Calcutta, India. There is no clear record of the date of his arrival in England, but it is known he attended the University of London, and in 1854 joined the China consular
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Heinrich Agathon Bernstein (1828 - 1865) was a German zoologist.

In 1859 Hermann Schlegel sent Bernstein to collect birds in New Guinea.

Bernstein is commemorated in the names of a number of animals, including the Chinese Crested Tern Sterna bernsteini
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New Guinea<nowiki />

Political division of New Guinea

Geography
<nowiki/>
Location Island north of Australian continent
Coordinates
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Hermann von Rosenberg (April 7, 1817 - November 15, 1888) was a German naturalist who was born in Darmstadt. In late 1839 he enlisted in the Dutch Harderwijk, and soon afterwards was stationed in the Netherlands East Indies as a military cartographer tasked with making
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Friedrich Hermann Otto Finsch (August 8 1839 - January 31 1917) was a German ethnographer, naturalist and explorer.

Finsch was born at Warmbrunn in Silesia. At the age of 19 he travelled to Bulgaria where he worked as a private tutor.
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Johannes Gerardus Keulemans (June 8, 1842, Rotterdam - March 29, 1912, Ilford, Essex (now part of London)) was a Dutch bird illustrator.

Biography and Work

Keulemans worked in England from 1869.
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Joseph Smit (1836 - 1929) was a Dutch zoological illustrator.

Smit was born in Lisse. He received his first commission from Hermann Schlegel at the Leiden Museum to work on the lithographs for a book on the birds of the Dutch East Indies.
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Joseph Wolf (January 22, 1820 - April 20 1899) was a German artist.

Wolf was the son of a farmer, and was born at Münstermaifeld, on the river Moselle, in the Eifel region.
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