Information about Head (linguistics)
In linguistics, the head is the morpheme that determines the category of a compound or the word that determines the syntactic type of the phrase of which it is a member.
In the noun phrase big red dog, for instance, dog is the head, which is modified by the adjectives big and red. Likewise, in the compound noun greensleeves, sleeves is the head, which is modified by the adjective green.
In a tone-unit, the head is all that part of a tone-unit that extends from the first stressed syllable up to (but not including) the tonic syllable. The high head is the stressed syllable which begins the head and is high in pitch, usually higher than the beginning pitch of the tone on the tonic syllable. For example:
The ˈbus was late.
The low head is the syllable which begins the head and is low in pitch, usually lower than the beginning pitch of the tone on the tonic syllable.
The ˌbus was late.
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In the noun phrase big red dog, for instance, dog is the head, which is modified by the adjectives big and red. Likewise, in the compound noun greensleeves, sleeves is the head, which is modified by the adjective green.
In a tone-unit, the head is all that part of a tone-unit that extends from the first stressed syllable up to (but not including) the tonic syllable. The high head is the stressed syllable which begins the head and is high in pitch, usually higher than the beginning pitch of the tone on the tonic syllable. For example:
The ˈbus was late.
The low head is the syllable which begins the head and is low in pitch, usually lower than the beginning pitch of the tone on the tonic syllable.
The ˌbus was late.
References
- Corbett, G. G., N. M. Fraser, and S. McGlashan (eds). 1993. Heads in Grammatical Theory. Cambridge University Press.
- Hudson, R. A. 1987. "Zwicky on heads". Journal of Linguistics 23, pp. 109–132.
- Zwicky, A. M. 1993. "Heads, bases and functors". In G. G. Corbett, et al (eds) 1993, pp. 292–315.
- Zwicky, A. M. 1985. "Heads". Journal of Linguistics 21, pp. 1–29.
See also
In morpheme-based morphology, a morpheme is the smallest linguistic unit that has semantic meaning. In spoken language, morphemes are composed of phonemes (the smallest linguistically distinctive units of sound), and in written language morphemes are composed of graphemes (the
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In linguistics, a compound is a lexeme (a word) that consists of more than one other lexeme.
An endocentric compound consists of a head, i.e. the categorical part that contains the basic meaning of the whole compound, and modifiers, which restrict this meaning.
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An endocentric compound consists of a head, i.e. the categorical part that contains the basic meaning of the whole compound, and modifiers, which restrict this meaning.
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In grammar, a phrase is a group of words that functions as a single unit in the syntax of a sentence.
For example the house at the end of the street (example 1) is a phrase. It acts like a noun.
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For example the house at the end of the street (example 1) is a phrase. It acts like a noun.
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Head-driven phrase structure grammar (HPSG) is a highly lexicalized, non-derivational generative grammar theory developed by Carl Pollard and Ivan Sag (1985). It is the immediate successor to generalized phrase structure grammar.
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The Head directionality parameter is a proposed parameter that provides a choice between:
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- Heads follow phrases in forming larger phrases (head final) and
- Heads precede phrases in forming larger phrases (head initial).
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A head-marking language is one where the grammatical marks showing relations between different constituents of a phrase tend to be placed on the heads (or nuclei) of the phrase in question, rather than the modifiers or dependents.
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