Habit (psychology)

Information about Habit (psychology)

Habits are automatic routines of behavior that are repeated regularly, without thinking.^[1] They are learned, not instinctive, human behaviors that occur automatically, without the explicit contemporaneous intention of the person. The person may not be paying attention to or be conscious or aware of the behavior. When the behavior is brought to the person's attention, they may be able to control it.

Habit is an important part of the definition of such fundamental psychological concepts as self.

In Early Thought

In History

In Literature

In Early Psychological Thought

Pragamatism and functional psychology

Habit loomed large in the psychological writing of the Pragmatism, William James and John Dewey, and the functional psychologists, the early advocates of which were students of Dewey. Chapter IV of James's Principles of Psychology puts habit as a fundamental building block of human behavior and mentions habit as applicable in thought as well.

For Dewey habit is even more central.

In Self-help Literature

In Behaviorism

In cognitive neuroscience

In contemporary thought

Ellen Langer in her books, especially Mindfulness, has portrayed mindfulness as good and habit, mindlessness, as bad. "A mindful approach to any activity has three characteristics: the continuous creation of new categories; openness to new information; and an implicit awareness of more than one perspective." "Mindlessness, in contrast, is characterized by an entrapment in old categories; by automatic behavior that precludes attending to new signals; and by action that operates from a single perspective."

In contrast Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi in Flow seems to portray habitual behavior as indispensible for and almost indistinguishable from flow, which he clearly views as a good thing.

Daniel Wegner simply declares that all of our behavior is automatic in the sense of being beyond our conscious control and that the experience of conscious control is an illusion.

In Psychotherapy

Footnotes

1. ^ Butler, Gillian; Hope, Tony. Managing Your Mind: The mental fitness guide. Oxford Paperbacks, 1995

External links

James Rowland Angell and Addison W. Moore. "Studies from the Psychological Laboratory of the University of Chicago: 1. Reaction-Time: A Study in Attention and Habit." Psychological Review 3, (1896): 245-258.)

Learning is the acquisition and development of memories and behaviors, including skills, knowledge, understanding, values, and wisdom. It is the goal of education, and the product of experience.
..... Click the link for more information.

Instinct is the inherent disposition of a living organism toward a particular behavior. Instincts are unlearned, inherited fixed action patterns of responses or reactions to certain kinds of stimuli.
..... Click the link for more information.

This article or section is written like a personal reflection or and may require .
Please [ improve this article] by rewriting this article or section in an . (, talk)

Behavior or behaviour
..... Click the link for more information.

An 's intention in performing an action is their specific purpose in doing so, the end or goal they aim at, or intend to accomplish. Whether an action is successful
..... Click the link for more information.

Attention is the cognitive process of selectively concentrating on one aspect of the environment while ignoring other things. Examples include listening carefully to what someone is saying while ignoring other conversations in the room (the cocktail party effect) or listening to a
..... Click the link for more information.

Consciousness is a characteristic of the mind generally regarded to comprise qualities such as subjectivity, self-awareness, sentience, sapience, and the ability to perceive the relationship between oneself and one's environment.
..... Click the link for more information.

awareness comprises a human's or an animal's perception and cognitive reaction to a condition or event. Awareness does not necessarily imply understanding, just an ability to be conscious of, feel or perceive.

Concept

Awareness is a relative concept.
..... Click the link for more information.

. As far as we know, no one is born with a self-concept. It gradually emerges in the early months of life and is shaped and reshaped through repeated perceived experiences, particularly with significant others.
..... Click the link for more information.

For non-technical usage, see .

Pragmatism is a philosophic school that originated in the late nineteenth century with Charles Sanders Peirce, who first stated the pragmatic maxim.
..... Click the link for more information.

William James (January 11 1842 – August 26 1910) was a pioneering American psychologist and philosopher. He wrote influential books on the young science of psychology, educational psychology, psychology of religious experience and mysticism, and the philosophy of pragmatism.
..... Click the link for more information.

John Dewey (October 20, 1859 – June 1, 1952) was an American philosopher, psychologist, and educational reformer, whose thoughts and ideas have been greatly influential in the United States and around the world.
..... Click the link for more information.

For the use of the term in cognitive science, see .

Functional psychology or functionalism refers to a general psychological approach that views mental life and behavior in terms of active adaptation to the person's environment^[1].
..... Click the link for more information.

The Principles of Psychology is a monumental text in the history of psychology, written by William James and published in 1890.

There were four methods in James' psychology: analysis (i.e.
..... Click the link for more information.

Ellen Jane Langer (born March 25, 1947) is professor of psychology at Harvard University who has studied the illusion of control, decision making, aging and mindfulness theory. She received her PhD in Social and Clinical Psychology from Yale University in 1974.
..... Click the link for more information.

Mihály Csíkszentmihályi (IPA pronunciation: [miha:ɪ :tʃi:k'sɛntmiha:ɪi]), born on September 29, 1934, is a psychology professor at Claremont Graduate University in Claremont, California and is the former head
..... Click the link for more information.

Daniel M. Wegner is a social psychologist and a professor of psychology at Harvard University. He is best known for his work on mental control and conscious will. His latest book, The Illusion of Conscious Will
..... Click the link for more information.

Absent-mindedness can refer to three very different things: 1) a low level of attention ("blanking" or “zoning out”); 2) intense attention to a single object of focus (hyperfocus) that makes us oblivious to events around us (See absent-minded professor); or 3)
..... Click the link for more information.

An addiction is a recurring compulsion by an individual to engage in some specific activity, despite harmful consequences to the individuals health, mental state or social life.
..... Click the link for more information.

In psychology, habituation is an example of non-associative learning in which there is a progressive diminution of behavioral response probability with repetition of a stimulus. It is another form of integration.
..... Click the link for more information.

Habitus is spelled the same as and has meanings derived from the Latin word habitus, also defined at Wiktionary.

It is sometimes used in academic and technical fields to select one specific sense of the word "habit" or to designate a meaning distinct from the many
..... Click the link for more information.

A quirk is an odd habit. Most dictionaries list this word's origin as "unknown". However, as the surname arises from the Isle of Man in the Irish Sea, and because the island is somewhat notorious for idiosyncratic behaviors, we may find the word's origins there.
..... Click the link for more information.

Self-management means different things in different fields:

In business, education, and psychology, self-management refers to methods, skills, and strategies by which individuals can effectively direct their own activities toward the achievement of objectives, and includes

..... Click the link for more information.

The term self-regulation can signify

in systems theory: homeostasis
in sociology / psychology: self-control
in educational psychology: self-regulated learning
Self-Regulation Theory (SRT) is a system of conscious personal health management

..... Click the link for more information.

Behavior modification is a technique of altering an individual's behaviors and reactions to stimuli through positive and negative reinforcement of adaptive behavior and/or the extinction of maladaptive behavior through positive and negative punishment.
..... Click the link for more information.

A Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is a psychotherapy based on modifying cognitions, assumptions, beliefs and behaviors, with the aim of influencing disturbed emotions.
..... Click the link for more information.

Habit reversal training (HRT) is a "multicomponent behavioral treatment package originally developed to address a wide variety of repetitive behavior disorders".^[1]
..... Click the link for more information.

In psychotherapy, paradoxical intention is the deliberate practice of a neurotic habit or thought, undertaken in order to identify and remove it.

Developed by Viktor Frankl as a therapeutic technique, clients are encouraged to intensify their symptoms in order to increase
..... Click the link for more information.

This article is copied from an article on Wikipedia.org - the free encyclopedia created and edited by online user community. The text was not checked or edited by anyone on our staff. Although the vast majority of the wikipedia encyclopedia articles provide accurate and timely information please do not assume the accuracy of any particular article. This article is distributed under the terms of GNU Free Documentation License.

Herod_Archelaus

iPedia Free Information Center