Information about Grumman Hellcat
| F6F Hellcat | |
|---|---|
) | |
| U.S. Navy Grumman F6F-3 Hellcat | |
| Type | Fighter aircraft |
| Manufacturer | Grumman |
| Maiden flight | 26 June 1942 |
| Introduced | 1943 |
| Retired | 1954, USN |
| Primary users | United States Navy United States Marine Corps Fleet Air Arm French Navy |
| Produced | 1942-1945 |
| Number built | 12,275 |
The Grumman F6F Hellcat was a fighter plane descended from the earlier F4F Wildcat, but was a completely new design sharing only a familial resemblance to the Wildcat. Some tagged it as "Wildcat's big brother" [1]. The Hellcat and the Vought F4U Corsair were the primary United States Navy carrier fighters in the second half of World War II.
The Hellcat proved to be the most successful aircraft in naval history, destroying 5,171 aircraft in service with the US Navy and US Marine Corps (5,163 in the Pacific and 8 more during the invasion of Southern France), plus 52 with the Royal Navy's Fleet Air Arm during World War II. Postwar, the Hellcat aircraft was rapidly phased out of front line service, finally retiring in 1954 as a night-fighter in composite squadrons.
Design and development
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F6F-5 ready in catapult on USS Randolph
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Grumman F6F-3 Hellcat on the flight deck of USS Yorktown (CV-10) prior to take off, having its wings extended
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Grumman F6F-3 Hellcats in tricolor scheme on the flight deck
Grumman was working on a successor to the F4F Wildcat well before the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor. While the F4F was a capable fighter, early air battles revealed the Japanese A6M Zero was more maneuverable and possessed a better rate of climb than the F4F. The F4F did have some advantages over the Zero. Wildcats were able to absorb a tremendous amount of damage compared to the Zero, and had better armament. The F4F was also much faster in a dive than the Zero, an advantage Wildcat pilots used frequently to elude attacking Zeros.
These advantages carried over into the F6F and, combined with other improvements, created a fighter that outclassed the Zero almost completely. The contract for the prototype XF6F-1 was signed on 30 June 1941. The F6F was originally to be given the Wright R-2600 Cyclone engine of 1,700 hp (1,268 kW), but based on combat experience of F4F Wildcat and Zero encounters, Grumman decided to further improve their new fighter to overcome the Mitsubishi Zero's dominance in the Pacific theater. [1]Grumman installed the Pratt & Whitney R-2800 Double Wasp 2,000 hp (1,500 kW) estimating a 25% increase in performance would result.[1] The first, Cyclone-equipped prototype (02981) flew on 26 June 1942 while the first Double Wasp-equipped aircraft, the XF6F-3 (02982) had its first flight on 30 July 1942.
Proposed at the same time as the first Hellcat prototypes, the XF6F-2 incorporated a turbo-supercharger but performance gains were only slight and until fleet demands for improvements in speed, this variant, along with the two-speed supercharger-equipped XF6F-3, languished. However, later F6F-4 and F6F-5 variants did benefit from these initial development programs.
Like the Wildcat, the Hellcat was designed for ease of manufacture and ability to withstand significant damage. A total of 212 lb (96 kg) of cockpit armor was fitted to aid pilot survival, as well as a bullet-resistant windshield and armor around the engine oil tank and oil cooler.[4] Self-sealing fuel tanks further reduced susceptibility to fire and often allowed damaged aircraft to return home. The US Navy's all-time leading ace, Captain David McCampbell USN (retired) scored all his victories in the Hellcat. He once described the F6F as "...an outstanding fighter plane. It performed well, was easy to fly and was a stable gun platform. But what I really remember most was that it was rugged and easy to maintain." [5]
The first production aircraft off the line, designated F6F-3s, flew on 3 October 1942 with the type reaching operational readiness with VF-9 on USS Essex in February 1943.[4]
Two night fighter subvariants of the F6F-3 were also developed. The F6F-3E, converted from standard -3 frames, featured the AN/APS-4 radar in a fairing in the starboard wing. The later F6F-3N, first seen in July of 1943, was fitted with the AN/APS-6 radar in a similar fairing. By November of 1943, Hellcat night fighters had seen their first action.[7] Fitting AN/APS-6 radar fairings to F6F-5s resulted in the night fighter F6F-5N, and a small number of standard F6F-5s were also fitted with camera equipment for reconnaissance duties as the F6F-5P.[8]
Instead of the Wildcat's narrow-track undercarriage retracting into the fuselage requiring awkward hand-cranking by the pilot, the Hellcat had hydraulically-actuated undercarriage struts set wider and retracting backward, twisting through 90° into the wings[9]. The wing was low-mounted instead of mid-mounted and folded the same way as the later versions of the Wildcat, allowing the Hellcat to take on a compact, tucked-in appearance on a flight deck. [10]
Standard armament on the F6F consisted of six .50 caliber (12.7 mm) Browning machine guns with 400 rounds each; later aircraft gained three hardpoints to carry a total bombload in excess of 2,000 lbs. (900 kg). The center hardpoint also had the ability to carry a single 150 U.S. gallon (568 L) disposable drop tank. Six 5 in. (127 mm) HVARs (High Velocity Aircraft Rocket) could be carried; three under each wing.[11]
The next and most common variant, the F6F-5, featured improvements such as all-metal control surfaces, replacement of rear windows with armor, improved visibility through the windshield, and numerous other minor advances[9]. Another improvement in the F6F-5 was the availability of more potent armament than the standard six .50 caliber (12.7 mm) machine guns. Trials with cannon-armed Hellcats were not followed up by a production version, although the armament mix of a pair of Hispano 20 mm (0.79 in.) cannon carrying a minimum effective load of 220 rounds each, along with two pairs of .50 caliber (12.7 mm) machine guns; each armed with 400 rounds was later used on many F6F-5N night fighters. [13] All production F6F-5s had the ability to be fitted with the different armament configurations, but only F6F-5N night-fighters, equipped with radar, ever used the latter gun fit[13].
Two F6F-5s were fitted with the 18-cylinder 2,100 hp (1,567 kW) Pratt and Whitney R-2800-18W two-stage blower radial engine which was also used by the F4U-4 Corsair. The new Hellcat variant was fitted with a four-bladed propeller and was called the XF6F-6. The aircraft proved to be the best performer in the series with a top speed of 417 mph[9]. Plans for mass production of this variant were cancelled with the advent of VJ day. [16]
The last Hellcat rolled out in November 1945, the total production figure being 12,275, of which 11,000 had been built in just two years.[17] This impressive production rate was credited to the sound original design, which required little modification once production was underway.
the f6f had the hightest kill ratio of any plane in any war
Operational history
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Grumman F6F-3 Hellcat in late 1942 non-specular blue-grey over light-grey scheme
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USS Yorktown (CV-10) during the Marcus Island raid on 31 August 1943: CAG-5 Lt. Cmdr. "Jimmy" Flatley in his F6F-3 Hellcat before takeoff. Aviation Boatswain Mate stands ready to remove chock from wheels
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Grumman F6F-3 Hellcats on the flight deck with wings folded, Grumman Avenger on landing approach
The Hellcat first saw action against the Japanese on 1 September 1943 when fighters off the USS Independence (CVL-22) shot down a snooping seaplane. Soon after, on 23 November, Hellcats engaged Japanese aircraft over Tarawa, shooting down a claimed 30 Mitsubishi Zeros for the loss of one F6F. Over Rabaul, New Britain, on 11 November 1943, Hellcats were engaged in day-long fights with many Japanese aircraft including A6M Zeros, claiming more than 100 victories while losing few F6Fs. Hellcats also utilized the "Thach Weave", which had been developed into a formation tactic to compensate for the older F4F Wildcat's deficiencies.
Hellcats were involved in practically all engagements with Japanese air power from that point onward. It was the major U.S. Navy fighter type involved in the Battle of the Philippine Sea, where so many Japanese aircraft were shot down that Navy aircrews nicknamed the battle . The F6F accounted for 75% of all aerial victories recorded by the U.S. Navy in the Pacific. Radar-equipped Hellcat night fighter squadrons appeared in early 1944.
Navy and Marine F6Fs flew 66,530 combat sorties (45% of all fighter sorties of the war, 62,386 sorties were flown from aircraft carriers[18]) and destroyed 5,163 enemy aircraft (56% of all Naval/Marine air victories of the war) at a cost of 270 Hellcats (an overall kill-to-loss ratio of 19:1).[19] The aircraft performed well against the best Japanese opponents with a 13:1 kill ratio against Mitsubishi A6M, 9.5:1 against Nakajima Ki-84, 28:0 against Kawanishi N1K-J, and 3.7:1 against Mitsubishi J2M during the last year of the war.[20] The F6F became the prime ace-maker aircraft in the American inventory, with 306 Hellcat aces.[21] That being said, it must be noted that the US successes were not only attributed to superior aircraft, but also because they faced increasingly inexperienced Japanese aviators from 1942 onwards.
In the ground attack role, Hellcats dropped 6,503 tons of bombs.[19]
The British Fleet Air Arm received 1,263 F6Fs under the Lend-Lease Act and dubbed it Gannet I. The name Hellcat was eventually retained in early 1943 for the sake of simplicity, with the F6F-3 being designated Hellcat F I, the F6F-5, the Hellcat F II and the F6F-5N, the Hellcat NF II. They saw action off Norway, in the Mediterranean, and in the Far East. A number were fitted with photographic reconnaissance equipment similar to the F6F-5P, receiving the designation Hellcat FR II.[22] FAA Hellcats, as with other Lend-Lease aircraft, were rapidly replaced by British aircraft after the end of the war, with only two of the twelve squadrons equipped with the Hellcat at VJ-Day still retaining Hellcats by the end of 1945 [23]. These two squadrons were disbanded in 1946[23]. In British service, the Hellcats proved to be a match even for the main Luftwaffe fighters, the Bf 109 and Fw 190.
Postwar, the Hellcat was succeeded by the Grumman F8F Bearcat which eclipsed the F6F in performance but was developed too late to see combat in World War II. The Hellcat soldiered on in a number of second line USN duties including training. The French Aéronavale was equipped with F6F-5 Hellcats and used them in Indochina. The Uruguay Navy also used them until the early 1960s[24].
Operators
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- Length: 33 ft 7 in (10.24 m)* Wingspan: 42 ft 10 in (13.06 m)
- Height: 13 ft 1 in (3.99 m)* Wing area: 334 ft² (31 m²)* Airfoil: NACA 23015.6 mod root; NACA 23009 tip* Empty weight: 9,238 lb (4,190 kg)* Loaded weight: 12,598 lb (5,714 kg)* Max takeoff weight: 15,415 lb (6,990 kg)*
- Fuel capacity: 250 US gal (946 L) internal; up to 3x 150 US gal (568 L) external drop tanks
- Zero-lift drag coefficient: 0.0211
- Drag area: 7.05 ft² (0.65 m²)
- Aspect ratio: 5.5
- Maximum speed: 330 knots (380 mph, 610 km/h)* Stall speed: 73 knots (84 mph, 135 km/h)* Combat radius: 820 nm (945 mi, 1,520 km)* Ferry range: 1,330 nm (1,530 mi, 2,460 km)* Service ceiling: 37,300 ft (11,370 m)* Rate of climb: 3,500 ft/min (17.8 m/s)* Wing loading: 37.7 lb/ft² (184 kg/m²)
- Time-to-altitude: 7.7 min to 20,000 ft (6,100 m)
- Lift-to-drag ratio: 12.2
- Takeoff roll: 799 ft (244 m)
- Barber, S.B. Naval Aviation Combat Statistics: World War II, OPNAV-P-23V No. A129. Washington, DC: Air Branch, Office of Naval Intelligence, 1946.
- Green, William. Famous Fighters of the Second World War. Garden City, NY: Doubleday & Company, 1975. ISBN 0-385-12395-7.
- Kinzey, Bert. F6F Hellcat in detail and scale. Shrewsbury, UK: AirLife Publishing Ltd., 1987. ISBN 1-85310-603-8.
- Sullivan, Jim. F6F Hellcat in action. Carrollton, Texas: Squadron/Signal Publications, 1979. ISBN 0-89747-088-5.
- Taylor, John W.R. "Grumman F6F Hellcat." Combat Aircraft of the World from 1909 to the present. New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons, 1969. ISBN 0-425-03633-2.
- Tillman, Barrett. Hellcat: the F6F in World War II. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press, 1979. ISBN 0-87021-265-6.
- _______. Hellcat Aces of World War 2. London: Osprey Aerospace, 1996. ISBN 1-85532-596-9.
- Winchester, Jim, ed. "Grumman F6F Hellcat." Aircraft of World War II. Rochester, UK: Grange Books plc, 2004. ISBN 1-84013-639-1.
- List of aircraft of the Fleet Air Arm
- List of fighter aircraft
- List of military aircraft of the United States
- 363 - Roman Emperor Julian is killed during the retreat from the Sassanid Empire.
- Surface Fleet
- Fleet Air Arm
- Submarine Service
- Royal Navy Regulating Branch
- Royal Naval Reserve
- Queen Alexandra's Royal Naval Nursing Service
- (includes Royal Marines Reserve)
- Surface Fleet
- Fleet Air Arm
- Submarine Service
- Royal Navy Regulating Branch
- Royal Naval Reserve
- Queen Alexandra's Royal Naval Nursing Service
- (includes Royal Marines Reserve)
- Surface Fleet
- Fleet Air Arm
- Submarine Service
- Royal Navy Regulating Branch
- Royal Naval Reserve
- Queen Alexandra's Royal Naval Nursing Service
- (includes Royal Marines Reserve)
- 363 - Roman Emperor Julian is killed during the retreat from the Sassanid Empire.
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Specifications (F6F-5 Hellcat)
)
Plane captains ready VF-82 Grumman F6F-5 for launch from USS Bennington (CV-20) off Okinawa in May 1945. Late-war production F6F-5 show the overall Glossy Sea Blue
)
Postwar service: A bright orange F6F-3K target drone
Data from Quest for Performance[25], Jane’s Fighting Aircraft of World War II[26], and Standard Aircraft Characteristics[27]
General characteristics* Crew: 1
Performance
Armament
References
1. ^ Sullivan 1979, p. 4.
2. ^ Sullivan 1979, p. 4.
3. ^ Sullivan 1979, p. 4.
4. ^ Kinzey 1987, p. 6.
5. ^ Kinzey 1987, p. 58.
6. ^ Kinzey 1987, p. 6.
7. ^ Green 1975, p. 91.
8. ^ Green 1975, p. 93-94.
9. ^ Taylor 1969, p. 503.
10. ^ Kinzey 1987, p. 14.
11. ^ Sullivan 1979, p. 24, 30, 33.
12. ^ Taylor 1969, p. 503.
13. ^ Kinzey 1987, p. 27.
14. ^ Kinzey 1987, p. 27.
15. ^ Taylor 1969, p. 503.
16. ^ Sullivan 1979, p. 46.
17. ^ Winchester 2004, p. 110.
18. ^ Barber 1946, Table 1
19. ^ Barber 1946, Table 2
20. ^ Barber 1946, Table 28
21. ^ Airforce Magazine. April 2006, p. 98. Airpower Classics
22. ^ Green 1975, p. 93.
23. ^ Thetford, Owen. British Naval Aircraft Since 1912, Fourth Edition. London: Putnam, 1994. ISBN 0-85177-861-5.
24. ^ Donald, David, ed. American Warplanes of World War II. London: Aerospace Publishing, 1995. ISBN 1-874023-72-7.
25. ^ Loftin, LK, Jr. Quest for performance: The evolution of modern aircraft. NASA SP-468. [1] Access date: 22 April 2006.
26. ^ Jane, Fred T. “The Grumman Hellcat.” Jane’s Fighting Aircraft of World War II. London: Studio, 1946, p. 233-234. ISBN 1-85170-493-0.
27. ^ Standard Aircraft Characteristics: F6F-5 Hellcat. NAVAER 1335A.
External links
Related content
Related development
Comparable aircraft
Designation sequence
Related lists
See also
Performance
Armament
References
1. ^ Sullivan 1979, p. 4.
2. ^ Sullivan 1979, p. 4.
3. ^ Sullivan 1979, p. 4.
4. ^ Kinzey 1987, p. 6.
5. ^ Kinzey 1987, p. 58.
6. ^ Kinzey 1987, p. 6.
7. ^ Green 1975, p. 91.
8. ^ Green 1975, p. 93-94.
9. ^ Taylor 1969, p. 503.
10. ^ Kinzey 1987, p. 14.
11. ^ Sullivan 1979, p. 24, 30, 33.
12. ^ Taylor 1969, p. 503.
13. ^ Kinzey 1987, p. 27.
14. ^ Kinzey 1987, p. 27.
15. ^ Taylor 1969, p. 503.
16. ^ Sullivan 1979, p. 46.
17. ^ Winchester 2004, p. 110.
18. ^ Barber 1946, Table 1
19. ^ Barber 1946, Table 2
20. ^ Barber 1946, Table 28
21. ^ Airforce Magazine. April 2006, p. 98. Airpower Classics
22. ^ Green 1975, p. 93.
23. ^ Thetford, Owen. British Naval Aircraft Since 1912, Fourth Edition. London: Putnam, 1994. ISBN 0-85177-861-5.
24. ^ Donald, David, ed. American Warplanes of World War II. London: Aerospace Publishing, 1995. ISBN 1-874023-72-7.
25. ^ Loftin, LK, Jr. Quest for performance: The evolution of modern aircraft. NASA SP-468. [1] Access date: 22 April 2006.
26. ^ Jane, Fred T. “The Grumman Hellcat.” Jane’s Fighting Aircraft of World War II. London: Studio, 1946, p. 233-234. ISBN 1-85170-493-0.
27. ^ Standard Aircraft Characteristics: F6F-5 Hellcat. NAVAER 1335A.
External links
Related content
Related development
Comparable aircraft
Designation sequence
Related lists
See also
Armament
References
1. ^ Sullivan 1979, p. 4.
2. ^ Sullivan 1979, p. 4.
3. ^ Sullivan 1979, p. 4.
4. ^ Kinzey 1987, p. 6.
5. ^ Kinzey 1987, p. 58.
6. ^ Kinzey 1987, p. 6.
7. ^ Green 1975, p. 91.
8. ^ Green 1975, p. 93-94.
9. ^ Taylor 1969, p. 503.
10. ^ Kinzey 1987, p. 14.
11. ^ Sullivan 1979, p. 24, 30, 33.
12. ^ Taylor 1969, p. 503.
13. ^ Kinzey 1987, p. 27.
14. ^ Kinzey 1987, p. 27.
15. ^ Taylor 1969, p. 503.
16. ^ Sullivan 1979, p. 46.
17. ^ Winchester 2004, p. 110.
18. ^ Barber 1946, Table 1
19. ^ Barber 1946, Table 2
20. ^ Barber 1946, Table 28
21. ^ Airforce Magazine. April 2006, p. 98. Airpower Classics
22. ^ Green 1975, p. 93.
23. ^ Thetford, Owen. British Naval Aircraft Since 1912, Fourth Edition. London: Putnam, 1994. ISBN 0-85177-861-5.
24. ^ Donald, David, ed. American Warplanes of World War II. London: Aerospace Publishing, 1995. ISBN 1-874023-72-7.
25. ^ Loftin, LK, Jr. Quest for performance: The evolution of modern aircraft. NASA SP-468. [1] Access date: 22 April 2006.
26. ^ Jane, Fred T. “The Grumman Hellcat.” Jane’s Fighting Aircraft of World War II. London: Studio, 1946, p. 233-234. ISBN 1-85170-493-0.
27. ^ Standard Aircraft Characteristics: F6F-5 Hellcat. NAVAER 1335A.
External links
Related content
Related development
Comparable aircraft
Designation sequence
Related lists
See also
References
1. ^ Sullivan 1979, p. 4.
2. ^ Sullivan 1979, p. 4.
3. ^ Sullivan 1979, p. 4.
4. ^ Kinzey 1987, p. 6.
5. ^ Kinzey 1987, p. 58.
6. ^ Kinzey 1987, p. 6.
7. ^ Green 1975, p. 91.
8. ^ Green 1975, p. 93-94.
9. ^ Taylor 1969, p. 503.
10. ^ Kinzey 1987, p. 14.
11. ^ Sullivan 1979, p. 24, 30, 33.
12. ^ Taylor 1969, p. 503.
13. ^ Kinzey 1987, p. 27.
14. ^ Kinzey 1987, p. 27.
15. ^ Taylor 1969, p. 503.
16. ^ Sullivan 1979, p. 46.
17. ^ Winchester 2004, p. 110.
18. ^ Barber 1946, Table 1
19. ^ Barber 1946, Table 2
20. ^ Barber 1946, Table 28
21. ^ Airforce Magazine. April 2006, p. 98. Airpower Classics
22. ^ Green 1975, p. 93.
23. ^ Thetford, Owen. British Naval Aircraft Since 1912, Fourth Edition. London: Putnam, 1994. ISBN 0-85177-861-5.
24. ^ Donald, David, ed. American Warplanes of World War II. London: Aerospace Publishing, 1995. ISBN 1-874023-72-7.
25. ^ Loftin, LK, Jr. Quest for performance: The evolution of modern aircraft. NASA SP-468. [1] Access date: 22 April 2006.
26. ^ Jane, Fred T. “The Grumman Hellcat.” Jane’s Fighting Aircraft of World War II. London: Studio, 1946, p. 233-234. ISBN 1-85170-493-0.
27. ^ Standard Aircraft Characteristics: F6F-5 Hellcat. NAVAER 1335A.
2. ^ Sullivan 1979, p. 4.
3. ^ Sullivan 1979, p. 4.
4. ^ Kinzey 1987, p. 6.
5. ^ Kinzey 1987, p. 58.
6. ^ Kinzey 1987, p. 6.
7. ^ Green 1975, p. 91.
8. ^ Green 1975, p. 93-94.
9. ^ Taylor 1969, p. 503.
10. ^ Kinzey 1987, p. 14.
11. ^ Sullivan 1979, p. 24, 30, 33.
12. ^ Taylor 1969, p. 503.
13. ^ Kinzey 1987, p. 27.
14. ^ Kinzey 1987, p. 27.
15. ^ Taylor 1969, p. 503.
16. ^ Sullivan 1979, p. 46.
17. ^ Winchester 2004, p. 110.
18. ^ Barber 1946, Table 1
19. ^ Barber 1946, Table 2
20. ^ Barber 1946, Table 28
21. ^ Airforce Magazine. April 2006, p. 98. Airpower Classics
22. ^ Green 1975, p. 93.
23. ^ Thetford, Owen. British Naval Aircraft Since 1912, Fourth Edition. London: Putnam, 1994. ISBN 0-85177-861-5.
24. ^ Donald, David, ed. American Warplanes of World War II. London: Aerospace Publishing, 1995. ISBN 1-874023-72-7.
25. ^ Loftin, LK, Jr. Quest for performance: The evolution of modern aircraft. NASA SP-468. [1] Access date: 22 April 2006.
26. ^ Jane, Fred T. “The Grumman Hellcat.” Jane’s Fighting Aircraft of World War II. London: Studio, 1946, p. 233-234. ISBN 1-85170-493-0.
27. ^ Standard Aircraft Characteristics: F6F-5 Hellcat. NAVAER 1335A.
External links
Related content
Related development
Comparable aircraft
Designation sequence
Related lists
See also
Comparable aircraft
Designation sequence
Related lists
See also
Designation sequence
Related lists
See also
Related lists
See also
See also
fighter aircraft is a military aircraft designed primarily for attacking other aircraft, as opposed to a bomber, which is designed to attack ground targets, primarily by dropping bombs. Fighters are comparatively small, fast, and maneuverable.
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An aerospace manufacturer is a company or individual involved in the various aspects of designing, building, testing, selling, and maintaining aircraft, aircraft parts, missiles, rockets, and/or spacecraft.
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The Grumman Aircraft Engineering Corporation, later Grumman Aerospace Corporation, was a leading producer of military and civilian aircraft of the 20th century. Founded in 1929 by Leroy Grumman with Jake Swirbul and William Schwendler, its independent existence ended in a
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The maiden flight of an aircraft is the first occasion on which an aircraft leaves the ground of its own accord. This is similar to a ship's maiden voyage.
The first flight of a new aircraft type is always a historic occasion for the type.
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The first flight of a new aircraft type is always a historic occasion for the type.
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June 26 is the 1st day of the year (2nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 0 days remaining.
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Events
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1942 1943 1944 1945
19th Century · 20th century · 21st century
1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s
1939 1940 1941 1942
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1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s
1939 1940 1941 1942
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1943 1944 1945 1946
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1940 1941 1942 1943
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1940 1941 1942 1943
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1954 1955 1956 1957
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1951 1952 1953 1954
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19th Century · 20th century · 21st century
1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s
1951 1952 1953 1954
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United States Navy (USN) is the branch of the United States armed forces responsible for conducting naval operations. The U.S. Navy currently has over 340,000 personnel on active duty and nearly 128,000 in the Navy Reserve.
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The United States Marine Corps (USMC) is a branch of the United States military responsible for providing power projection from the sea,[1] utilizing the mobility of the U.S. Navy to rapidly deliver combined-arms task forces.
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Naval Service
Components
Royal Navy
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Components
Royal Navy
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The French Navy, officially the Marine Nationale (National Navy) and often called La Royale (The Royal [Navy]), is the maritime arm of the French military.
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The Grumman Aircraft Engineering Corporation, later Grumman Aerospace Corporation, was a leading producer of military and civilian aircraft of the 20th century. Founded in 1929 by Leroy Grumman with Jake Swirbul and William Schwendler, its independent existence ended in a
..... Click the link for more information.
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fighter aircraft is a military aircraft designed primarily for attacking other aircraft, as opposed to a bomber, which is designed to attack ground targets, primarily by dropping bombs. Fighters are comparatively small, fast, and maneuverable.
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Type Fighter
Manufacturer Grumman
Maiden flight 2 September 1937
Introduced December 1940
Retired 1945
Primary users United States Navy
United States Marine Corps
Fleet Air Arm
Number built 7,722
The
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Manufacturer Grumman
Maiden flight 2 September 1937
Introduced December 1940
Retired 1945
Primary users United States Navy
United States Marine Corps
Fleet Air Arm
Number built 7,722
The
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Type Carrier-based fighter aircraft
Manufacturer Chance Vought
Designed by Rex Beisel
Maiden flight 29 April 1940
Introduction 28 December 1942
Retired 1953
Primary users U.S.
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Manufacturer Chance Vought
Designed by Rex Beisel
Maiden flight 29 April 1940
Introduction 28 December 1942
Retired 1953
Primary users U.S.
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United States Navy (USN) is the branch of the United States armed forces responsible for conducting naval operations. The U.S. Navy currently has over 340,000 personnel on active duty and nearly 128,000 in the Navy Reserve.
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aircraft carrier is a warship designed to deploy and in most cases recover aircraft, acting as a sea-going airbase. Aircraft carriers thus allow a naval force to project air power great distances without having to depend on local bases for staging aircraft operations.
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Allied powers:
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United States
United Kingdom
China
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...et al. Axis powers:
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Japan
Italy
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Soviet Union
United States
United Kingdom
China
France
...et al. Axis powers:
Germany
Japan
Italy
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Naval Service
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Royal Navy
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Royal Navy
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Naval Service
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Type Fighter
Manufacturer Mitsubishi
Maiden flight 1 April 1939
Introduction July 1940
Retired 1945 (Japan)
Produced 1940-1945
Number built 11,000
Variants Nakajima A6M2-N
The Mitsubishi A6M Zero
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Manufacturer Mitsubishi
Maiden flight 1 April 1939
Introduction July 1940
Retired 1945 (Japan)
Produced 1940-1945
Number built 11,000
Variants Nakajima A6M2-N
The Mitsubishi A6M Zero
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June 30 is the 1st day of the year (2nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 0 days remaining.
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Events
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19th century - 20th century - 21st century
1910s 1920s 1930s - 1940s - 1950s 1960s 1970s
1938 1939 1940 - 1941 - 1942 1943 1944
Year 1941 (MCMXLI
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1910s 1920s 1930s - 1940s - 1950s 1960s 1970s
1938 1939 1940 - 1941 - 1942 1943 1944
Year 1941 (MCMXLI
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The Wright R-2600 Cyclone 14 (also called Twin Cyclone) was an American radial engine developed by Curtiss-Wright and widely used in the 1930s and 1940s aircraft.
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Type Fighter
Manufacturer Grumman
Maiden flight 2 September 1937
Introduced December 1940
Retired 1945
Primary users United States Navy
United States Marine Corps
Fleet Air Arm
Number built 7,722
The
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Manufacturer Grumman
Maiden flight 2 September 1937
Introduced December 1940
Retired 1945
Primary users United States Navy
United States Marine Corps
Fleet Air Arm
Number built 7,722
The
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Type Fighter
Manufacturer Mitsubishi
Maiden flight 1 April 1939
Introduction July 1940
Retired 1945 (Japan)
Produced 1940-1945
Number built 11,000
Variants Nakajima A6M2-N
The Mitsubishi A6M Zero
..... Click the link for more information.
Manufacturer Mitsubishi
Maiden flight 1 April 1939
Introduction July 1940
Retired 1945 (Japan)
Produced 1940-1945
Number built 11,000
Variants Nakajima A6M2-N
The Mitsubishi A6M Zero
..... Click the link for more information.
Pratt & Whitney R-2800 Double Wasp was an aircraft engine, and part of the long-lived Wasp family. It was a two-row, 18-cylinder, air-cooled radial design. Displacement was 2,804 cubic inches (46 liters); bore and stroke were 5.75" and 6".
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June 26 is the 1st day of the year (2nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 0 days remaining.
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Events
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19th century - 20th century - 21st century
1910s 1920s 1930s - 1940s - 1950s 1960s 1970s
1939 1940 1941 - 1942 - 1943 1944 1945
Year 1942 (MCMXLII
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1910s 1920s 1930s - 1940s - 1950s 1960s 1970s
1939 1940 1941 - 1942 - 1943 1944 1945
Year 1942 (MCMXLII
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Herod_Archelaus
