Information about Gross Examination

Pathology is the study and diagnosis of disease through examination of organs, tissues, cells and bodily fluids.
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In general, diagnosis (plural diagnoses) has two distinct dictionary definitions. The first definition is "the recognition of a disease or condition by its outward signs and symptoms", while the second definition is "the analysis of the underlying physiological/biochemical
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Histopathology (from the Greek histos (tissue) and pathos (suffering)) refers to the microscopic examination of tissue in order to study the manifestations of disease.
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Pathology is the study and diagnosis of disease through examination of organs, tissues, cells and bodily fluids.
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disease is an abnormal condition of an organism that impairs bodily functions. In human beings, "disease" is often used more broadly to refer to any condition that causes discomfort, dysfunction, distress, social problems, and/or death to the person afflicted, or similar problems
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Necrosis (in Greek Νεκρός = Dead) is the name given to accidental death of cells and living tissue. Necrosis is less orderly than apoptosis, which is part of programmed cell death.
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An infection is the detrimental colonization of a host organism by a foreign species. In an infection, the infecting organism seeks to utilize the host's resources to multiply (usually at the expense of the host).
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In medicine, ischemia (Greek ισχαιμία, isch- is restriction, hema or haema is blood) is a restriction in blood supply
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Inflammation (Latin, inflammatio, to set on fire) is the complex biological response of vascular tissues to harmful stimuli, such as pathogens, damaged cells, or irritants.
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Wound healing, or wound repair, is the body's natural process of regenerating dermal and epidermal tissue. When an individual is wounded, a set of events takes place in a predictable fashion to repair the damage.
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Neoplasia (new growth in Greek) is abnormal and purposeless proliferation of cells in a tissue or organ. A neoplastic growth is called a neoplasm. Most neoplasms proliferate to form distinct masses, or tumors
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Anatomical pathology (Commonwealth) or Anatomic pathology (U.S.) is a medical specialty that is concerned with the diagnosis of disease based on the gross, microscopic, and molecular examination of organs, tissues, and cells.
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Disease - Necrosis - Infection - Ischemia - Inflammation - Wound healing - Neoplasia
Anatomical pathology Surgical pathology - Cytopathology - Autopsy -
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Cytopathology is a branch of pathology that studies and diagnoses diseases on the cellular level. The most common use of cytopathology is the Pap smear, used to detect cervical cancer at an early treatable stage.
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autopsy, also known as a post-mortem examination, necropsy, or obduction, is a medical procedure that consists of a thorough examination of a corpse to determine the cause and manner of death and to evaluate any disease or injury that may be present.
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Disease - Necrosis - Infection - Ischemia - Inflammation - Wound healing - Neoplasia
Anatomical pathology Surgical pathology - Cytopathology - Autopsy -
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Forensic pathology is a branch of medicine concerned with determining cause of death, usually for criminal law cases and civil law cases in some jurisdictions. The word forensics is derived from the Latin forēnsis meaning public or forum.
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Disease - Necrosis - Infection - Ischemia - Inflammation - Wound healing - Neoplasia
Anatomical pathology Surgical pathology - Cytopathology - Autopsy -
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Histopathology (from the Greek histos (tissue) and pathos (suffering)) refers to the microscopic examination of tissue in order to study the manifestations of disease.
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Immunohistochemistry or IHC refers to the process of localizing proteins in cells of a tissue section exploiting the principle of antibodies binding specifically to antigens in biological tissues.
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An electron microscope is a type of microscope that uses electrons as a way to illuminate and create an image of a specimen. It has much higher magnification and resolving power than a light microscope, with magnifications up to about two million times, compared to about two
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Immunofluorescence is the labeling of antibodies or antigens with fluorescent dyes. This technique is often used to visualize subcellular distribution of biomolecules of interest.
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FISH (Fluorescent in situ hybridization) is a cytogenetic technique which can be used to detect and localize the presence or absence of specific DNA sequences on chromosomes.
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Clinical pathology is one of the two major divisions within the medical specialty of pathology. A clinical pathologist is a medical doctor responsible for the diagnosis of diseases based on the analysis of body fluids like blood, urine, etc.
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Clinical chemistry (also known as clinical biochemistry, chemical pathology or pure blood chemistry) is the area of pathology that is generally concerned with analysis of bodily fluids.
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Hematopathology is the branch of pathology which studies diseases of hematopoietic cells (see below). A hematopathologist looks at peripheral blood smears, bone marrow aspirates and biopsies, lymph nodes, and other tissues, and uses his/her expertise to diagnose diseases such as
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Transfusion medicine (or transfusiology) is the branch of medicine that is concerned with the transfusion of blood and blood components. The blood bank is the section of the clinical laboratory where medical technologists process and distribute blood products under the
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Medical microbiology is a branch of microbiology which deals with the study of microorganisms including bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites which are of medical importance and are capable of causing diseases in human beings.
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Diagnostic immunology is a collective term for a variety of diagnostic techniques that rely on the specificity of the bond between antibodies and antigenes. Diagnostic immunology is well-suited for the detection of even the smallest of amounts of (bio)chemical substances.
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Enzyme assays are laboratory methods for measuring enzymatic activity. They are vital for the study of enzyme kinetics and enzyme inhibition.

Enzyme units

Amounts of enzymes can either be expressed as molar amounts, as with any other chemical, or measured in terms of
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